{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T04:05:12Z","timestamp":1789790712301,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001503","name":"Indian Council of Agricultural Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001503","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Res Commun"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-026-11412-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T03:56:00Z","timestamp":1784519760000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development and evaluation of a lateral flow assay for detecting Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Shobha","family":"Yadav","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6577-0805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajat","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hira","family":"Ram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasmita","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Praveen","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"11412_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638711425593","volume":"23","author":"B Al-Adhami","year":"2011","unstructured":"Al-Adhami B, Scandrett WB, Lobanov VA, Gajadhar AA (2011) Serological cross-reactivity between Anaplasma marginale and an Ehrlichia species in naturally and experimentally infected cattle. J Vet Diagn Invest 23:1181\u20131188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1040638711425593","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"11412_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.30539\/iraqijvm.v39i1.194","volume":"39","author":"HAJ Al-Gharban","year":"2015","unstructured":"Al-gharban HAJ, Dhahir SH (2015) Serological diagnosis of persistent infection with Anaplasma marginale bacteria in cattle. Iraqi J Vet Med 39:33\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30539\/iraqijvm.v39i1.194","journal-title":"Iraqi J Vet Med"},{"key":"11412_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2010.01173.x","volume":"58","author":"P Aubry","year":"2010","unstructured":"Aubry P, Geale DW (2010) A review of bovine anaplasmosis. Transbound Emerg Dis 58:1\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2010.01173.x","journal-title":"Transbound Emerg Dis"},{"key":"11412_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2025.106528","volume":"315","author":"J Bellezze","year":"2026","unstructured":"Bellezze J, Valentini BS, Bosio AS, Thompson CS, Primo ME (2026) Development and field evaluation of a competitive ELISA to detect specific antibodies against Anaplasma marginale. Vet J 315:106528. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tvjl.2025.106528","journal-title":"Vet J"},{"key":"11412_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bisen S, Aftab A, Jeeva K, Yadav S, Raina OK (2019) Molecular cloning and expression of Anaplasma marginale major surface protein 5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5958\/0973-9149.2019.00015.7","DOI":"10.5958\/0973-9149.2019.00015.7"},{"key":"11412_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vprsr.2021.100550","volume":"24","author":"S Bisen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bisen S, Aftab A, Jeeva K, Silamparasan M, Yadav S, Chandra D, Sankar M, Garg R, Raina OK (2021) Molecular and serological detection of Anaplasma infection in carrier cattle in north India. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Rep 24:100550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.vprsr.2021.100550","journal-title":"Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Rep"},{"key":"11412_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1177\/104063870101300117","volume":"13","author":"DS Bradway","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bradway DS, de Echaide ST, Knowles DP, Hennager SG, McElwain TF (2001) Sensitivity and specificity of the complement fixation test for detection of cattle persistently infected with Anaplasma marginale. J Vet Diagn Invest 13:79\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/104063870101300117","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"11412_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1385\/1592590497","volume-title":"The ELISA Guidebook","author":"JR Crowther","year":"2000","unstructured":"Crowther JR (2000) The ELISA Guidebook. Humana, New Jersey, p 149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1385\/1592590497"},{"key":"11412_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.3.777-782.1998","volume":"36","author":"ST de Echaide","year":"1998","unstructured":"de Echaide ST, Knowles DP, McGuire TC, Palmer GH, Su\u00e1rez CE, McElwain TF (1998) Detection of cattle naturally infected with Anaplasma marginale in a region of endemicity by nested PCR and a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using recombinant major surface protein 5. J Clin Microbiol 36:777\u2013782. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/JCM.36.3.777-782.1998","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"11412_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-024-01673-3","volume":"48","author":"SA Fatima","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fatima SA, Gonuguntla HN, Muthappa PN, Sarangi LN (2024) Molecular detection of Anaplasma, Babesia, Theileria and Trypanosoma infection in cattle and buffaloes in India. J Parasit Dis 48:450\u2013459. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12639-024-01673-3","journal-title":"J Parasit Dis"},{"key":"11412_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2021.101864","volume":"13","author":"AM Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez AM, Ortiz JA, Jabbar A, Ghafar A, Cabezas-Cruz A, de la Fuente G, de la Fuente J, de Mera IGF (2022) Fatal cases of bovine anaplasmosis in a herd infected with different Anaplasma marginale genotypes in southern Spain. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 13:101864. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2021.101864","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"11412_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(98)00170-7","volume":"221","author":"A Frey","year":"1998","unstructured":"Frey A, Di Canzio J, Zurakowski D (1998) Statistical comparison of methods, a framework for report presentation in immunoassay calibration. J Immunol Methods 221(1\u20132):35\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0022-1759(98)00170-7","journal-title":"J Immunol Methods"},{"key":"11412_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1177\/10406387251324180","volume":"37","author":"RA Ierardi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ierardi RA (2025) A review of bovine anaplasmosis (Anaplasma marginale) with emphasis on epidemiology and diagnostic testing. J Vet Diagn Invest 37:517\u2013538. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10406387251324180","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"11412_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.21423\/bovine-vol56no2p70-78","volume":"56","author":"AL Jones","year":"2022","unstructured":"Jones AL, Berghaus RD, Kalatari AA, Credille B, Naikare HK, Heins B, Saliki J, Wilkes RP (2022) Seroprevalence and molecular detection of Anaplasma marginale infected beef herds in Georgia, USA. Bovine Pract 56:70\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21423\/bovine-vol56no2p70-78","journal-title":"Bovine Pract"},{"key":"11412_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.16.4.698-712.2003","volume":"16","author":"KM Kocan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kocan KM, de la Fuente J, Guglielmone AA, Mel\u00e9ndez RD (2003) Antigens and alternatives for control of Anaplasma marginale infection in cattle. Clin Microbiol Rev 16:698\u2013712. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/CMR.16.4.698-712.2003","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"11412_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S285","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182003004700","volume":"129","author":"KM Kocan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kocan KM, de la Fuente J, Blouin EF, Garc\u00eda-Garc\u00eda JC (2004) Anaplasma marginale (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae): recent advances in defining host\u2013pathogen adaptations of a tick-borne rickettsia. Parasitology 129:S285\u2013S300. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0031182003004700","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"11412_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-213X-9-42","volume":"9","author":"KM Kocan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kocan KM, \u017divkovi\u0107 Z, Blouin EF, Naranjo V, Almaz\u00e1n C, Mitra R, de la Fuente J (2009) Silencing of genes involved in Anaplasma marginale-tick interactions affects the pathogen developmental cycle in Dermacentor variabilis. BMC Dev Biol 9:42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-213X-9-42","journal-title":"BMC Dev Biol"},{"key":"11412_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1021\/ie950373m","volume":"35","author":"JE Kochan","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kochan JE, Wu YJ, Etzel MR (1996) Purification of bovine immunoglobulin G via protein G affinity membranes. Ind Eng Chem Res 35:1150\u20131155. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ie950373m","journal-title":"Ind Eng Chem Res"},{"key":"11412_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.15389\/agrobiology.2017.2.391eng","volume":"52","author":"GY Kosovskii","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kosovskii GY, Glazko VI, Kovalchuk SN, Glazko TT (2017) Changes in leukocyte and erythrocyte blood profile and parameters under a combined Anaplasma marginale and bovine leukemia virus infection in cattle. Sel Skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya 52:391\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15389\/agrobiology.2017.2.391eng","journal-title":"Sel Skokhozyaistvennaya Biologiya"},{"key":"11412_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1515\/ap-2018-0090","volume":"63","author":"VR Kundave","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kundave VR, Ram H, Banerjee PS, Garg R, Mahendran K, Ravikumar GVPPS, Tiwari AK (2018) Development of multiplex PCR assay for concurrent detection of tick borne haemoparasitic infections in bovines. Acta Parasitol 63:759\u2013765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/ap-2018-0090","journal-title":"Acta Parasitol"},{"key":"11412_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1080\/15321810701734693","volume":"29","author":"K Nielsen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Nielsen K, Wang Y, Kelly L, Bermudez R, Renteria T, Dajer A, Gutierrez E, Williams J, Algire J, de Echaide ST (2007) Development of a lateral flow assay for rapid detection of bovine antibody to Anaplasma marginale. J Immunoass Immunochem 29:10\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15321810701734693","journal-title":"J Immunoass Immunochem"},{"key":"11412_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1080\/15321810903084749","volume":"30","author":"K Nielsen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nielsen K, Wang Y, Kelly L, Williams J, Dajer A, Gutierrez E, Cruz GR, Renteria T, Bermudez R, Algire J (2009) Validation and field assessment of a rapid lateral flow assay for detection of bovine antibody to Anaplasma marginale. J Immunoass Immunochem 30:313\u2013321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15321810903084749","journal-title":"J Immunoass Immunochem"},{"key":"11412_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20560","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-25165-7","volume":"12","author":"W Onchan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Onchan W, Ritbamrung O, Changtor P, Pradit W, Chomdej S, Nganvongpanit K, Siengdee P, Suyasunanont U, Buddhachat K (2022) Sensitive and rapid detection of Babesia species in dogs by recombinase polymerase amplification with lateral flow dipstick (RPA-LFD). Sci Rep 12:20560. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-25165-7","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"11412_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Quiroz-Casta\u00f1eda RE, Amaro-Estrada I, Mart\u00ednez-Ocampo F, Camarillo SDR, Dant\u00e1n-Gonz\u00e1lez E, Cobaxin-C\u00e1rdenas M, Torre JFP (2018) la Draft genome sequence of Anaplasma marginale strain Mex-01-001-01, a Mexican strain that causes bovine anaplasmosis. Microbiol Resour Announc 7:e01101-18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/MRA.01101-18","DOI":"10.1128\/MRA.01101-18"},{"key":"11412_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.2005.B1057","volume":"6","author":"ZI Rajput","year":"2005","unstructured":"Rajput ZI, Hu S, Arijo AG, Habib M, Khalid M (2005) Comparative study of Anaplasma parasites in tick carrying buffaloes and cattle. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 6:1057\u20131062. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1631\/jzus.2005.B1057","journal-title":"J Zhejiang Univ Sci B"},{"key":"11412_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-020-01312-7","volume":"45","author":"LN Sarangi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sarangi LN, Rana SK, Prasad A, Ponnanna NM, Sharma G (2020) Prevalence of antibodies to Anaplasma in cattle and buffaloes of different organized herds in India. J Parasit Dis 45:359\u2013365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12639-020-01312-7","journal-title":"J Parasit Dis"},{"key":"11412_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1177\/1040638719892953","volume":"32","author":"M Sarli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sarli M, Thompson CS, Novoa MB, Valentini BS, Mastropaolo M, Echaide IE, de Echaide ST, Primo ME (2020) Development and evaluation of a double-antigen sandwich ELISA to identify Anaplasma marginale-infected and A. centrale-vaccinated cattle. J Vet Diagn Invest 32:70\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1040638719892953","journal-title":"J Vet Diagn Invest"},{"key":"11412_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1186\/s12917-018-1489-x","volume":"14","author":"II Shabana","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shabana II, Alhadlag NM, Zaraket H (2018) Diagnostic tools of caprine and ovine anaplasmosis: a direct comparative study. BMC Vet Res 14:165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12917-018-1489-x","journal-title":"BMC Vet Res"},{"key":"11412_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2011.10.002","volume":"3","author":"H Singh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Singh H, Haque M, Singh NK, Rath SS (2012) Molecular detection of Anaplasma marginale infection in carrier cattle. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 3:55\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2011.10.002","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"key":"11412_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.17221\/252\/2015-VETMED","volume":"61","author":"\u00c1 Szab\u00e1ra","year":"2016","unstructured":"Szab\u00e1ra \u00c1, Majer JM, \u00d3zsv\u00e1ri L, Jakab C, Baumgartner W (2016) Co-infection with bovine viral diarrhoea virus and Anaplasma marginale in a dairy cattle herd may lead to acute bovine anaplasmosis. Vet Med 61:504\u2013515. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17221\/252\/2015-VETMED","journal-title":"Vet Med"},{"key":"11412_CR33","first-page":"228","volume-title":"Veterinary epidemiology","author":"M Thrusfield","year":"2005","unstructured":"Thrusfield M (2005) Veterinary epidemiology, 2nd edn. Blackwell Science Ltd, London, pp 228\u2013247. ISBN-13","edition":"2"},{"key":"11412_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9019","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-26732-7","volume":"8","author":"JEP Torres","year":"2018","unstructured":"Torres JEP, Goossens J, Ding J, Zeng L, Lu S, Vertommen D, Naniima P, Chen R, Muyldermans S, Sterckx YGJ, Magez S (2018) Development of a nanobody-based lateral flow assay to detect active Trypanosoma congolense infections. Sci Rep 8:9019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-26732-7","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"11412_CR35","unstructured":"WOAH (2024) Bovine anaplasmosis. Manual for diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals. Available at: https:\/\/www.woah.org\/fileadmin\/Home\/fr\/Health_standards\/tahm\/3.04.01_BOVINE_ANAPLASMOSIS.pdf"},{"key":"11412_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.9.2.508","volume":"9","author":"IG Wright","year":"1990","unstructured":"Wright IG (1990) Immunodiagnosis of and immunoprophylaxis against the haemoparasites Babesia sp. and Anaplasma sp. in domestic animals. Rev Sci Tech 9:345\u2013356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20506\/rst.9.2.508","journal-title":"Rev Sci Tech"},{"key":"11412_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.5958\/0974-0147.2022.00014.9","volume":"43","author":"S Yadav","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yadav S, Garg R, Kumari P, Bisen S, Ram H, Raina OK (2022) Evaluation of a recombinant MSP5 based dot-ELISA for serodiagnosis of Anaplasma marginale infection in bovines. Indian J Comp Microbiol Immunol Infect Dis 43:115\u2013121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5958\/0974-0147.2022.00014.9","journal-title":"Indian J Comp Microbiol Immunol Infect Dis"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Research Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11259-026-11412-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11259-026-11412-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11259-026-11412-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T03:55:08Z","timestamp":1789790108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11259-026-11412-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["11412"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11259-026-11412-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0165-7380","1573-7446"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0165-7380","type":"print"},{"value":"1573-7446","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Necessary approvals and guidelines of the Institute Animal Ethics Committee (IAEC) and the Institute Bio-Safety Committee (IBSC) were obtained from the ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, U.P., India vide No. F.26\u2009\u2212\u20091\/2015-16\/J.D.(R), dated 28.02.2019 for experimentations in this study.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"469"}}