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Because of the reduced but continued use of colistin in veterinary medicine, livestock and fresh meat might represent a source of colistin-resistant bacteria. Here, we performed a culture-based study followed by whole genome sequencing (WGS) to detect and characterise colistin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    in caecal samples of Swiss livestock and fresh meat using the random sample plan of the European programme on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from humans, animals and food. A low prevalence of colistin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    in Swiss livestock was detected (2.7% in calves (n\u2009=\u2009298), 2.9% in pigs (n\u2009=\u2009350), 0.6% in broilers (n\u2009=\u2009805)). In fresh meat, the prevalence of colistin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    was comparable for beef (3.1%, n\u2009=\u2009164) and pork (3.7%, n\u2009=\u2009163), while chicken meat had a higher prevalence of 5.4% (n\u2009=\u2009295). WGS highlighted that colistin resistance was mostly associated with chromosomal mutations (56%), while a lower occurrence of\n                    <jats:italic>mcr<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes (22%) was found. WGS analysis revealed a high diversity in the detected colistin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    as they belonged to 32 sequence types (ST) and 48 core genome STs. Fresh meat might be contaminated with colistin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli,<\/jats:italic>\n                    but its detection is not currently implemented in the European programme on antimicrobial resistance. By an approach using selective bacterial culturing all phenotypically colistin-resistant\n                    <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    can be detected independently from their molecular resistance mechanisms, with the disadvantage of eventually also inducing chromosomal mutations during selective overnight incubation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-026-11463-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T08:02:57Z","timestamp":1787731377000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence and molecular characteristics of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli in livestock and fresh meat detected by a selective enrichment method"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Camille","family":"Fleury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier E.","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5722-9445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent","family":"Perreten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5495-1640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gudrun","family":"Overesch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"11463_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.17236\/sat00396","volume":"165","author":"CB Aebi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aebi CB, Fernandez JE, Kittl S, Tresch ML, Perreten V, Overesch G (2023) Characterization of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from slaughter calves and fattening pigs: A pilot study for monitoring antimicrobial resistance by whole genome sequencing in Switzerland. 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