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However, other differential diagnoses should be considered and ruled out, including exogenous estrogen exposure and hormone-secreting neoplasms. The present paper describes a complex clinical case in which ovarian remnant syndrome associated with bilateral ovarian remnants coexisted with exogenous estrogenic stimulation, highlighting the diagnostic challenges and the importance of considering both endogenous and exogenous causes when evaluating spayed bitches with estrous signs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11259-026-11499-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T02:48:04Z","timestamp":1788922084000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Persistent estrus signs in a spayed bitch following coexistence of ovarian remnant syndrome and exposure to exogenous estrogen: a case report"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Alessia","family":"Guerini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Ballotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Cunto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Paltrinieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Zambelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"11499_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1983.182.01.63","volume":"182","author":"JA Barsanti","year":"1983","unstructured":"Barsanti JA, Medleau L, Latimer K (1983) Diethylstilbestrol-induced alopecia in a dog. 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