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Innovative microbial control alternatives such as the so-called attract-and-kill strategy depend on the rapid and successful development of dried encapsulated microorganisms, which is initiated by rehydration. Casein is a functional additive that is already used in food or pharmaceutical industry due to its water binding capacity. Cross-linked forms such as formalin-casein (FC), exhibit altered network structures. To determine whether FC influences the rehydration of alginate beads in order to increase the efficacy of an attract-and-kill formulation for wireworm pest control, we incorporated either casein or FC in different alginate\/starch formulations. We investigated the porous properties of alginate\/starch beads and subsequently evaluated the activities of the encapsulated entomopathogenic fungus <jats:italic>Metarhizium\u00a0brunneum<\/jats:italic> and the CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> producing yeast <jats:italic>Saccharomyces\u00a0cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>. Adding caseins altered the porous structure of beads. FC decreased the bead density from (1.0197\u2009\u00b1\u20090.0008)\u00a0g\/mL to (1.0144\u2009\u00b1\u20090.0008)\u00a0g\/mL and the pore diameter by 31%. In contrast to casein, FC enhanced the water absorbency of alginate\/starch beads by 40%. Furthermore, incorporating FC quadrupled the spore density on beads containing <jats:italic>M.\u2009brunneum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S.\u2009cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>, and simultaneous venting increased the spore density even by a factor of 18. Moreover, FC increased the total CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> produced by <jats:italic>M. brunneum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S. cerevisiae<\/jats:italic> by 29%. Thus, our findings suggest that rehydration is enhanced by larger capillaries, resulting in an increased water absorption capacity. Our data further suggest that gas exchange is improved by FC. Therefore, our results indicate that FC enhances the fungal activity of both fungi <jats:italic>M.\u00a0brunneum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S.\u00a0cerevisiae<\/jats:italic>, presumably leading to an enhanced attract-and-kill efficacy for pest control.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:p><jats:bold>Graphic abstract<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-021-03121-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]],"date-time":"2021-08-18T03:07:37Z","timestamp":1629256057000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Formalin-casein enhances water absorbency of calcium alginate beads and activity of encapsulated Metarhizium brunneum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Katharina M.","family":"Hermann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Gr\u00fcnberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1771-407X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anant V.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"3121_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/487329","author":"Z Ajdari","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ajdari Z, Ebrahimpour A, Manan MA, Hamid M, Mohamad R, Ariff AB (2011) Nutritional requirements for the improvement of growth and sporulation of several strains of Monascus purpureus on solid state cultivation. 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