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In Chile, the first case was reported in 2000, and since then, its incidence has been increasing. Distinctive characteristics of\n                    <jats:italic>R. equi<\/jats:italic>\n                    as an intracellular pathogen in macrophages, emergence of virulence plasmids encoding surface lipoprotein antigens, and appearance of antibiotic resistance against macrolides and rifampicin have significantly complicated the treatment of\n                    <jats:italic>R. equi<\/jats:italic>\n                    pneumonia in foals. Therefore, in vitro susceptibility studies of first-line and newer antibiotics against\n                    <jats:italic>R. equi<\/jats:italic>\n                    are the first step to establishing effective treatments and optimizing new therapeutic options. The aim of the present study is to determine the susceptibility profile of fourteen strains of\n                    <jats:italic>R. equi<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolated from foals in Chile to several antibiotics of the macrolide group including azithromycin, amikacin, tildipirosin and gamithromycin as well as others such as rifampicin, doxycycline and ceftiofur. Identification of\n                    <jats:italic>R. equi<\/jats:italic>\n                    in collected isolates from foals in Chile has been performed by CAMP test and PCR based on detecting of the gene encoding the 16\u00a0S rRNA. The presence of genes encoding virulence plasmids was also determined using PCR. Results obtained have demonstrated presence of virulent\n                    <jats:italic>R. equi<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains in Chile. In vitro susceptibility pattern to different antibiotics has shown better results for doxycycline and rifampicin similar to previous studies performed. Current macrolides have been evaluated in order to consider alternative treatment options in a context of emerging resistance to classic macrolides and rifampicin, obtaining better results with gamithromycin (MIC range of 0.125 to 128\u00a0mg\/ml) than with tildipirosin (MIC range of 16 to 128\u00a0mg\/ml). An adequate diagnosis of bacterial susceptibility based on antibiograms is necessary to treat the\n                    <jats:italic>Rhodococcus equi<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in foals.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-023-03677-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]],"date-time":"2023-06-22T02:05:34Z","timestamp":1687399534000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Antimicrobial susceptibility of Rhodococcus equi strains isolated from foals in Chile"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda Paz","family":"Z\u00fa\u00f1iga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Badillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Abalos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo David","family":"Valencia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Escudero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Sebastian","family":"Galecio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"3677_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.2011.01292.x","volume":"35","author":"LJ Berghaus","year":"2012","unstructured":"Berghaus LJ, Gigu\u00e8re S, Sturgill TL et al (2012) Plasma pharmacokinetics, pulmonary distribution, and in vitro activity of gamithromycin in foals. 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