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However, whether specific genomic factors influence the development of\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infective endocarditis (SAIE) during\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    bacteraemia (SAB) remains unclear. Thus, the study aimed to determine whether clinical SAIE isolates were genomically distinguishable from SAB isolates originating from public hospitals in Gauteng, South Africa. Seventy-seven (54 SAB, 23 SAIE) bloodstream isolates were characterised to assess antimicrobial susceptibility (VITEK\u00ae2 system), biofilm formation (crystal violet assay), virulence genes (multiplex-polymerase chain reactions) and genetic relatedness (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis), while 12 representative isolates underwent whole-genome sequencing. A higher SAIE (29.9%) prevalence than previously reported in South Africa was observed, with cases linked to young male persons who inject drugs (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). While the SAB and SAIE groups did not differ in virulence profiles, SAB isolates demonstrated higher resistance rates to gentamicin and clindamycin than SAIE isolates (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The endemic Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive sequence type (ST) 152, clonal complex (CC) 152 lineage predominated in SAIE isolates, while the pandemic CC8, encompassing ST239 and ST612, was exclusive to SAB isolates. Overall, SAB and SAIE isolates were not clearly distinguished by the markers assessed, suggesting that SAIE development may reflect the combined effects of bacterial traits, host susceptibility and exposure-related risk factors, rather than a distinct SAIE-specific genomic profile. These findings highlight the need for continued genomic surveillance of circulating\n                    <jats:italic>S.\u00a0aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    lineages to inform targeted infection-control strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-026-05145-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T10:06:59Z","timestamp":1785146819000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genomic comparison of Staphylococcus\u00a0aureus isolates from patients with bacteraemia and infective endocarditis at public hospitals in Gauteng, South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2153-1145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lz D.","family":"Jansen van Vuuren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1792-7975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thabo","family":"Hamiwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4419-3583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Ueckermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1768-9268","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marleen M.","family":"Kock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0093-1791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anel","family":"Bosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2199-6970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marthie M.","family":"Ehlers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"5145_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2021-217480","volume":"76","author":"T Achoki","year":"2022","unstructured":"Achoki T, Sartorius B, Watkins D, Glenn SD, Kengne AP, Oni T, Wiysonge CS, Walker A, Adetokunboh OO, Babalola TK, Bolarinwa OA, Claassens MM, Cowden RG, Day CT, Ezekannagha O, Ginindza TG, Iwu CCD, Iwu CJ, Karangwa I, Katoto PD, Kugbey N, Kuupiel D, Mahasha PW, Mashamba-Thompson TP, Mensah GA, Ndwandwe DE, Nnaji CA, Ntsekhe M, Nyirenda TE, Odhiambo JN, Oppong Asante K, Parry CDH, Pillay JD, Schutte AE, Seedat S, Sliwa K, Stein DJ, Tanser FC, Useh U, Zar HJ, Z\u00fchlke LJ, Mayosi BM, Hay SI, Murray CJL, Naghavi M (2022) Health trends, inequalities and opportunities in South Africa\u2019s provinces, 1990-2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. 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