{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T17:52:15Z","timestamp":1782237135025,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oral Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11282-026-00896-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T11:36:26Z","timestamp":1770204986000},"page":"625-634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enhancing diagnostic quality in dental bitewings using transformer and GAN-Based image restoration"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Abtahi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Majidinia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meisam","family":"Mansourzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyyed Hossein Hosseini","family":"Zarch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghazal","family":"Asadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasin Talafi","family":"Noghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Shakiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amirhossein","family":"Saeedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shayan","family":"Yousefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"896_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Anwar A, A JK EMR. The value of bitewing radiographs in the management of carious primary molars - the impact on treatment planning. Br Dent J Nov. 2023;17. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41415-023-6496-z.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-023-6496-z"},{"issue":"2","key":"896_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20200153","volume":"50","author":"H Sato","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sato H, Da Silva JD, Lee C, et al. Effects of healthcare policy and education on reading accuracy of bitewing radiographs for interproximal caries. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2021;50(2):20200153. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1259\/dmfr.20200153.","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"896_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41894-020-00086-8","volume":"4","author":"F Schwendicke","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schwendicke F, G\u00f6stemeyer G. Conventional bitewing radiography. Clin Dent Rev. 2020;4(1):22. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s41894-020-00086-8.","journal-title":"Clin Dent Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"896_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20170450","volume":"48","author":"N Takahashi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Takahashi N, Lee C, Da Silva JD, et al. A comparison of diagnosis of early stage interproximal caries with bitewing radiographs and periapical images using consensus reference. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2019;48(2):20170450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1259\/dmfr.20170450.","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"896_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2018.07.003","volume":"76","author":"C Signori","year":"2018","unstructured":"Signori C, Laske M, Mendes FM, Huysmans M, Cenci MS, Opdam NJM. Decision-making of general practitioners on interventions at restorations based on bitewing radiographs. J Dent. 2018;76:109\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2018.07.003.","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"896_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.3109\/00016350903527196","volume":"68","author":"H Sonbul","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sonbul H, Birkhed D. Risk profile and quality of dental restorations: a cross-sectional study. Acta Odontol Scand. 2010;68(2):122\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/00016350903527196.","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Scand"},{"issue":"4","key":"896_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1985.tb01908.x","volume":"13","author":"JM Albandar","year":"1985","unstructured":"Albandar JM, Abbas DK, Waerhaug M, Gjermo P. Comparison between standardized periapical and bitewing radiographs in assessing alveolar bone loss. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1985;13(4):222\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1985.tb01908.x.","journal-title":"Community Dent Oral Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"896_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-018-0596-1","volume":"18","author":"LA Foster Page","year":"2018","unstructured":"Foster Page LA, Boyd D, Fuge K, et al. The effect of bitewing radiography on estimates of dental caries experience among children differs according to their disease experience. BMC Oral Health. 2018;18(1):137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12903-018-0596-1.","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"896_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1093\/dmfr\/twae009","volume":"53","author":"ME \u00c7elik","year":"2024","unstructured":"\u00c7elik ME, Mikaeili M, \u00c7elik B. Improving resolution of panoramic radiographs: super-resolution concept. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2024;53(4):240\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/dmfr\/twae009.","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"896_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1109\/TRPMS.2018.2827239","volume":"3","author":"J Hatvani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hatvani J, Horv\u00e1th A, Michetti J, Basarab A, Kouam\u00e9 D, Gy\u00f6ngy M. Deep learning-based super-resolution applied to dental computed tomography. IEEE Trans Radiat Plasma Med Sci. 2019;3:120\u20138.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Radiat Plasma Med Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"896_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13050996","volume":"13","author":"H Mohammad-Rahimi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mohammad-Rahimi H, Vinayahalingam S, Mahmoudinia E, et al. Super-resolution of dental panoramic radiographs using deep learning: a pilot study. Diagnostics. 2023;13(5):996.","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"896_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2020.104139","volume":"129","author":"MBH Moran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moran MBH, Faria MDB, Giraldi GA, Bastos LF, Conci A. Using super-resolution generative adversarial network models and transfer learning to obtain high resolution digital periapical radiographs. Comput Biol Med. 2021;129:104139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compbiomed.2020.104139.","journal-title":"Comput Biol Med"},{"key":"896_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang X, Xie L, Dong C, Shan Y. Real-ESRGAN: Training Real-World Blind Super-Resolution with Pure Synthetic Data. 2021.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW54120.2021.00217"},{"key":"896_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liang J, Cao J, Sun G, Zhang K, Gool L, Timofte R. SwinIR: Image Restoration Using Swin Transformer. 2021.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW54120.2021.00210"},{"issue":"4","key":"896_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.5624\/isd.2020.50.4.331","volume":"50","author":"JJ Hwang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hwang JJ, Jung YH, Cho BH, Heo MS. Very deep super-resolution for efficient cone-beam computed tomographic image restoration. Imaging Sci Dent. 2020;50(4):331\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5624\/isd.2020.50.4.331.","journal-title":"Imaging Sci Dent"},{"key":"896_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11111130","author":"V Kong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kong V, Lee EY, Kim KA, Shon HS. Integrating super-resolution with deep learning for enhanced periodontal bone loss segmentation in panoramic radiographs. Bioengineering (Basel). 2024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/bioengineering11111130.","journal-title":"Bioengineering (Basel)"},{"issue":"4","key":"896_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4713","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2022.3204461","volume":"45","author":"C Saharia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Saharia C, Ho J, Chan W, Salimans T, Fleet DJ, Norouzi M. Image super-resolution via iterative refinement. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell. 2023;45(4):4713\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TPAMI.2022.3204461.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"896_CR18","first-page":"6840","volume":"33","author":"J Ho","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ho J, Jain A, Abbeel P. Denoising diffusion probabilistic models. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst. 2020;33:6840\u201351.","journal-title":"Adv Neural Inf Process Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"896_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.7742\/JKSR.2021.15.2.153","volume":"15","author":"H-N Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim H-N. \uce58\uc8fc\uc9c8\ud658 \uc608\uce21\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uce58\uacfc X-\uc120 \uc601\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ucd08\ud574\uc0c1\ud654 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc801\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131 \uc5f0\uad6c. Investigation of the Super-resolution Algorithm for the Prediction of Periodontal Disease in Dental X-ray Radiography. \ud55c\uad6d\ubc29\uc0ac\uc120\ud559\ud68c\ub17c\ubb38\uc9c0. 2021;15(2):153\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7742\/JKSR.2021.15.2.153.","journal-title":"\ud55c\uad6d\ubc29\uc0ac\uc120\ud559\ud68c\ub17c\ubb38\uc9c0"},{"key":"896_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim G, Yun S, Lee T, Cho S. Unsupervised medical image generation for dental imaging: super-resolution of synthetic panoramic x-ray images with CycleGAN. 2024:104.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.3008721"},{"issue":"4","key":"896_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1109\/tip.2003.819861","volume":"13","author":"Z Wang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Wang Z, Bovik AC, Sheikh HR, Simoncelli EP. Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity. IEEE Trans Image Process. 2004;13(4):600\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tip.2003.819861.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Image Process"},{"key":"896_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang T, Kasichainula K, Zhuo Y, Li B, Seo J-S, Cao Y. Transformer-Based Selective Super-resolution for Efficient Image Refinement. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence. 03\/24. 2024;38(7):7305\u20137313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1609\/aaai.v38i7.28560","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v38i7.28560"},{"key":"896_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kasturi A, Vosoughi A, Hadjiyski N, Stockmaster L, Sehnert W, Wism\u00fcller A. Detecting landmarks in anatomical medical images using transformer-based networks. 2023:26.","DOI":"10.1117\/12.2678538"},{"key":"896_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun B, Chen B, Tian Y, Chen W. TESRGAN: Transformer Enhanced Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Networks. 2024:137\u2013141.","DOI":"10.1109\/NNICE61279.2024.10498773"},{"issue":"5","key":"896_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-024-03450-y","volume":"52","author":"SJO Rytky","year":"2024","unstructured":"Rytky SJO, Tiulpin A, Finnil\u00e4 MAJ, et al. Clinical super-resolution computed tomography of bone microstructure: application in musculoskeletal and dental imaging. Ann Biomed Eng. 2024;52(5):1255\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10439-024-03450-y.","journal-title":"Ann Biomed Eng"}],"container-title":["Oral Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11282-026-00896-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11282-026-00896-9","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11282-026-00896-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T17:36:43Z","timestamp":1782236203000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11282-026-00896-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["896"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11282-026-00896-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0911-6028","1613-9674"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0911-6028","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-9674","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"26 September 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}