{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T16:47:26Z","timestamp":1792169246668,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oral Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To compare caries detection using T1-based Free-breathing 3D Stack of Stars GRE (StarVIBE) and T1-weighted pointwise encoding time reduction with radial acquisition (PETRA) MRI sequences with the gold standard consisting of a combination of clinical evaluation and bitewing radiography.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Included subjects were evaluated clinically by a dentist for the occurrence of caries. All subjects underwent bitewing radiographs and MRI of the viscerocranium, including 3D StarVIBE and 3D PETRA sequences. Caries lesions were evaluated for penetration depth (D1-D4). Signal intensity (SI)\u00a0was measured in dental hard tissue, the pulp and caries lesions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      80 teeth were analyzed. Among these, 10 showed caries during clinical assessments and bitewing imaging, all of which were also detected on MRI. Furthermore, 5 additional lesions were identified exclusively on MRI. Overall image quality and diagnostic confidence were significantly higher in PETRA than in StarVIBE (4.7 vs. 3.9, p = 0.006). The SI for caries lesions was significantly higher in the PETRA sequence (-0.5 a.u. \u00b1 1.5 a.u. vs. -4.2 a.u. \u00b1 4.0 a.u., p = 0.002). Caries lesion volume was also significantly larger in PETRA (18 mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00b1 14.8 mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) compared to StarVIBE (11 mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00b1 14.8 mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      , p = 0.003).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion\u00a0<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\u00a0MRI identified all caries lesions that were detected both clinically and through bitewing imaging, along with additional lesions exclusive to MRI. The PETRA sequence outperformed StarVIBE in quantitative caries visualization.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11282-026-00908-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T12:28:39Z","timestamp":1771936119000},"page":"706-713","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Caries imaging using T1 StarVIBE and PETRA sequences compared to normal dental work-up: a proof-of-concept study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Gintare","family":"Burian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Stief","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Greve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Grosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adib","family":"Al-Haj Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustav","family":"Andreisek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Probst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Egon","family":"Burian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"908_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20120321","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20120321","volume":"42","author":"AK Bracher","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bracher AK, Hofmann C, Bornstedt A, Hell E, et al. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI for the assessment of caries lesions. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2013;42(6):20120321.","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"908_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.2783","volume":"25","author":"M Weiger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Weiger M, Pruessmann KP, Bracher AK, Kohler S, et al. High-resolution ZTE imaging of human teeth. NMR Biomed. 2012;25(10):1144\u201351.","journal-title":"NMR Biomed"},{"issue":"2","key":"908_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22828","volume":"66","author":"AK Bracher","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bracher AK, Hofmann C, Bornstedt A, Boujraf S, et al. Feasibility of ultra-short echo time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging for identification of carious lesions. Magn Reson Med. 2011;66(2):538\u201345.","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"908_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-017-0618-1","volume":"21","author":"P Procacci","year":"2017","unstructured":"Procacci P, Zangani A, Rossetto A, Rizzini A, et al. Odontogenic orbital abscess: a case report and review of literature. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2017;21(2):271\u20139.","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"908_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1488","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-06540-x","volume":"30","author":"A Juerchott","year":"2020","unstructured":"Juerchott A, Freudlsperger C, Weber D, Jende JME, et al. In vivo comparison of MRI- and CBCT-based 3D cephalometric analysis: beginning of a non-ionizing diagnostic era in craniomaxillofacial imaging? Eur Radiol. 2020;30(3):1488\u201397.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"908_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Al-Haj Husain A, Oechslin DA, Stadlinger B, Winklhofer S et al. Preoperative imaging in third molar surgery - A prospective comparison of X-ray-based and radiation-free magnetic resonance orthopantomography. J Craniomaxillofac Surg, 2024.52(1):117-126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcms.2023.10.005.Epub2023Oct20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2023.10.005.Epub2023Oct20"},{"key":"908_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10204768","author":"S Valdec","year":"2021","unstructured":"Valdec S, Al-Haj Husain A, Winklhofer S, Muller M, et al. Comparison of preoperative cone-beam computed tomography and 3D-double echo steady-state MRI in third molar surgery. J Clin Med. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10204768.","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"908_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13458","volume":"48","author":"M Probst","year":"2021","unstructured":"Probst M, Burian E, Robl T, Weidlich D, et al.Magnetic resonance imaging as a diagnostic tool for periodontal disease: a prospective study with correlation to standard clinical findings-is there added value?J Clin Periodontol. 2021;48(7):929\u201348.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"7","key":"908_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"809","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13299","volume":"47","author":"A Juerchott","year":"2020","unstructured":"Juerchott A, Sohani M, Schwindling FS, Jende JME, et al. In vivo accuracy of dental magnetic resonance imaging in assessing maxillary molar furcation involvement: A feasibility study in humans. J Clin Periodontol. 2020;47(7):809\u201315.","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"908_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-04986-4","author":"E Burian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Burian E, Feuerriegel G, Sollmann N, Burian G, et al. Visualization of clinically silent, odontogenic maxillary sinus mucositis originating from periapical inflammation using MRI: a feasibility study. Clin Oral Investig. 2023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-023-04986-4.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"9","key":"908_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5403","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-05159-z","volume":"27","author":"GC Feuerriegel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Feuerriegel GC, Burian E, Sollmann N, Leonhardt Y, et al. Evaluation of 3D MRI for early detection of bone edema associated with apical periodontitis. Clin Oral Investig. 2023;27(9):5403\u201312.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"1","key":"908_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-51151-2","volume":"14","author":"E Burian","year":"2024","unstructured":"Burian E, Lenhart N, Greve T, Bodden J, et al. Detection of caries lesions using a water-sensitive STIR sequence in dental MRI. Sci Rep. 2024;14(1):663.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"3","key":"908_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000617","volume":"55","author":"FA Huber","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huber FA, Schumann P, von Spiczak J, Wurnig MC, et al. Medication-Related osteonecrosis of the Jaw-Comparison of bone imaging using ultrashort Echo-Time magnetic resonance imaging and Cone-Beam computed tomography. Invest Radiol. 2020;55(3):160\u20137.","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"key":"908_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04736-y","author":"GC Feuerriegel","year":"2022","unstructured":"Feuerriegel GC, Ritschl LM, Sollmann N, Palla B, et al. Imaging of traumatic mandibular fractures in young adults using CT-like MRI: a feasibility study. Clin Oral Investig. 2022. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-022-04736-y.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"2","key":"908_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09061-2","volume":"33","author":"GC Feuerriegel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Feuerriegel GC, Kronthaler S, Boehm C, Renz M, et al. Diagnostic value of water-fat-separated images and CT-like susceptibility-weighted images extracted from a single ultrashort echo time sequence for the evaluation of vertebral fractures and degenerative changes of the spine. Eur Radiol. 2023;33(2):1445\u201355.","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"issue":"Spec C","key":"908_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"pC39","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910408301s08","volume":"83","author":"JD Featherstone","year":"2004","unstructured":"Featherstone JD. The continuum of dental caries\u2013evidence for a dynamic disease process. J Dent Res. 2004;83(Spec C):pC39\u201342.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"908_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.me.26.020175.001005","volume":"26","author":"RJ Gibbons","year":"1975","unstructured":"Gibbons RJ, van Houte J. Dental caries. Annu Rev Med. 1975;26:121\u201336.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"908_CR18","first-page":"192","volume":"30","author":"L Bjorndal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bjorndal L. The caries process and its effect on the pulp: the science is changing and so is our understanding. Pediatr Dent. 2008;30(3):192\u20136.","journal-title":"Pediatr Dent"},{"issue":"Spec C","key":"908_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"pC56","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910408301s12","volume":"83","author":"AI Ismail","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ismail AI. Visual and visuo-tactile detection of dental caries. J Dent Res. 2004;83(Spec C):pC56\u201366.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"908_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13128","volume":"52","author":"L Bjorndal","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bjorndal L, Simon S, Tomson PL, Duncan HF. Management of deep caries and the exposed pulp. Int Endod J. 2019;52(7):949\u201373.","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"issue":"7","key":"908_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034518759957","volume":"97","author":"A Lederer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lederer A, Kunzelmann KH, Hickel R, Litzenburger F. Transillumination and HDR imaging for proximal caries detection. J Dent Res. 2018;97(7):844\u20139.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"908_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-021-04032-1","volume":"26","author":"F Litzenburger","year":"2022","unstructured":"Litzenburger F, Heck K, Kaisarly D, Kunzelmann KH. Diagnostic validity of early proximal caries detection using near-infrared imaging technology on 3D range data of posterior teeth. Clin Oral Investig. 2022;26(1):543\u201353.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"9","key":"908_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5847","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-022-04541-7","volume":"26","author":"K Berghammer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Berghammer K, Litzenburger F, Heck K, Kunzelmann KH. Attenuation of near-ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared light in sound and carious human enamel and dentin. Clin Oral Investig. 2022;26(9):5847\u201355.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"1","key":"908_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s13244-025-01903-z","volume":"16","author":"AW Marka","year":"2025","unstructured":"Marka AW, Probst M, Greve T, Lenhart N, et al. Periapical bone edema volume in 3D MRI is positively correlated with bone architecture changes. Insights Imaging. 2025;16(1):26.","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"issue":"8","key":"908_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-019-03120-7","volume":"24","author":"E Burian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Burian E, Probst FA, Weidlich D, Cornelius CP, et al. MRI of the inferior alveolar nerve and lingual nerve-anatomical variation and morphometric benchmark values of nerve diameters in healthy subjects. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24(8):2625\u201334.","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"1","key":"908_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11566","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-68501-5","volume":"10","author":"E Burian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Burian E, Sollmann N, Ritschl LM, Palla B, et al. High resolution MRI for quantitative assessment of inferior alveolar nerve impairment in course of mandible fractures: an imaging feasibility study. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):11566.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Oral Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11282-026-00908-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11282-026-00908-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11282-026-00908-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T15:57:18Z","timestamp":1792166238000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11282-026-00908-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["908"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11282-026-00908-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["0911-6028","1613-9674"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0911-6028","type":"print"},{"value":"1613-9674","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 October 2026","order":5,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Update","order":6,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This article was originally published under the subscription model but it is now published under an Open Access license.","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interest","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All procedures were conducted according to the principles expressed in the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to inclusion. The prospective analysis was approved by the cantonal review board of the Thurgau (EKOS 24\/036).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All subjects included signed a standardized informed consent.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Informed consent","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}