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A total of 21 women with T2DM and 23 non-diabetic controls, all sedentary and middle-aged, underwent MCT twice weekly. Biochemical, hemodynamic, and oxidative stress parameters, along with platelet ectonucleotidase activity and extracellular ATP levels, were assessed pre- and post-intervention. MCT significantly decreased ectonucleotidase diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) activity for ADP hydrolysis in platelets, along with a reduction in extracellular ATP levels, indicating a modulation of purinergic signaling. Additionally, exercise enhanced antioxidant defenses, increasing glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity and vitamin C levels, while reducing myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, a key pro-oxidant enzyme. These changes suggest a shift toward a biochemical profile that may be relevant to thromboinflammatory pathways; however, no direct measures of platelet aggregation were performed. Mixed circuit training emerges as a valuable non-pharmacological strategy for improving oxidative balance and modulating purinergic markers in women with T2DM, warranting future studies including functional platelet assays and clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11302-026-10136-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T05:43:39Z","timestamp":1773726219000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mixed circuit training as a non-pharmacological strategy to improve platelet function and oxidative balance in type 2 diabetes: role of purinergic signaling"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7311-084X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Macedo","family":"Chaves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9704-6712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha Nuncio","family":"Prestes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5097-241X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 Campos","family":"De Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8518-7959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aline","family":"M\u00e2nica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8978-5091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Zanini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6712-8074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sedinei Lopes","family":"Copatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7409-8870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clodoaldo Ant\u00f4nio","family":"De S\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4243-8855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9ia Machado","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"10136_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Khan MAB, Hashim MJ, King JK, et al (2019) Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes \u2013 global burden of disease and forecasted trends: JEGH 10:107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2991\/jegh.k.191028.001","DOI":"10.2991\/jegh.k.191028.001"},{"key":"10136_CR2","volume-title":"IDF DIABETES ATLAS","author":"Federation ID","year":"2019","unstructured":"Federation ID (2019) IDF DIABETES ATLAS, 9th ed. 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