{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T11:34:26Z","timestamp":1793878466373,"version":"4.7.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004595","name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000857","name":"Loughborough University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000857","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"ADM Biopolis"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Metabolomics"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut bacteria-dependent metabolite associated with poor cardiovascular health. Exercise is a known cardioprotective activity but the impact of an acute bout of exercise on TMAO production is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives\/Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study assessed choline-derived production of TMAO following a single bout of intermittent exercise in a young, healthy cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Choline supplemented after either exercise or a time-matched resting period demonstrated a similar increase in circulating TMAO across an 8-hour period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This suggests that a single bout of intermittent exercise does not alter gut microbial metabolic behaviour and thus does not provide additional cardioprotective benefits related to blood levels of TMAO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-024-02177-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T13:01:38Z","timestamp":1728133298000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Effect of an acute session of intermittent exercise on trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) production following choline ingestion"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Marilyn L.Y.","family":"Ong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher G.","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha N.","family":"Rowland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Rider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry","family":"Sutcliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark P.","family":"Funnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Salzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liam M.","family":"Heaney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"2177_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-199315040-00003","volume":"15","author":"F Brouns","year":"1993","unstructured":"Brouns, F., & Beckers, E. (1993). Is the gut an athletic organ? Sports Medicine, 15(4), 242\u2013257. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/00007256-199315040-00003","journal-title":"Sports Medicine"},{"issue":"17","key":"2177_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487319831372","volume":"26","author":"S Cassambai","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cassambai, S., Salzano, A., Yazaki, Y., Bernieh, D., Wong, M., Israr, M. Z., et al. (2019). Impact of acute choline loading on circulating trimethylamine N-oxide levels. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 26(17), 1899\u20131902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2047487319831372","journal-title":"European Journal of Preventive Cardiology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2177_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3567","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-021-02491-6","volume":"60","author":"KS Coutinho-Wolino","year":"2021","unstructured":"Coutinho-Wolino, K. S., de Cardozo, F., de Oliveira Leal, L. F. M., Mafra, V., D., & Stockler-Pinto, M. B. (2021). Can diet modulate trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) production? What do we know so far? European Journal of Nutrition, 60(7), 3567\u20133584. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00394-021-02491-6","journal-title":"European Journal of Nutrition"},{"issue":"1","key":"2177_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11010179","volume":"11","author":"M Erickson","year":"2019","unstructured":"Erickson, M., Malin, S., Wang, Z., Brown, J., Hazen, S., & Kirwan, J. (2019). Effects of Lifestyle intervention on plasma trimethylamine N-Oxide in obese adults. Nutrients, 11(1), 179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu11010179","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"issue":"5","key":"2177_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2019-0974","volume":"58","author":"LM Heaney","year":"2020","unstructured":"Heaney, L. M. (2020). Applying mass spectrometry-based assays to explore gut microbial metabolism and associations with disease. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, 58(5), 719\u2013732. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/cclm-2019-0974","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"2177_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-015-9164-6","volume":"408","author":"LM Heaney","year":"2016","unstructured":"Heaney, L. M., Jones, D. J. L., Mbasu, R. J., Ng, L. L., & Suzuki, T. (2016). High mass accuracy assay for trimethylamine N-oxide using stable-isotope dilution with liquid chromatography coupled to orthogonal acceleration time of flight mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 408(3), 797\u2013804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00216-015-9164-6","journal-title":"Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"2177_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1113\/JP282000","volume":"600","author":"DHJ Thijssen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thijssen, D. H. J., Uthman, L., Somani, Y., & van Royen, N. (2022). Short-term exercise\u2010induced protection of cardiovascular function and health: Why and how fast does the heart benefit from exercise? The Journal of Physiology, 600(6), 1339\u20131355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/JP282000","journal-title":"The Journal of Physiology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2177_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-021-00910-x","volume":"23","author":"MS Thomas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Thomas, M. S., & Fernandez, M. L. (2021). Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO), Diet and Cardiovascular Disease. Current Atherosclerosis Reports, 23(4), 12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11883-021-00910-x","journal-title":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"2177_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2022.2035436","volume":"23","author":"L Torquati","year":"2023","unstructured":"Torquati, L., Gajanand, T., Cox, E. R., Willis, C. R. G., Zaugg, J., Keating, S. E., & Coombes, J. S. (2023). Effects of exercise intensity on gut microbiome composition and function in people with type 2 diabetes. European Journal of Sport Science, 23(4), 530\u2013541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/17461391.2022.2035436","journal-title":"European Journal of Sport Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"2177_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1091","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2022.07.004","volume":"80","author":"WJ Tucker","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tucker, W. J., Fegers-Wustrow, I., Halle, M., Haykowsky, M. J., Chung, E. H., & Kovacic, J. C. (2022). Exercise for primary and secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease. 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