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Alkanes and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are biologically important metabolites that are used by infectious mycobacteria species for growth and survival strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the altered alkanes and other VOCs in the urine from paediatric cases with TBM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We used untargeted gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOFMS) to analyse and compare all volatile, underivatised compounds present in the urine from 27 confirmed cases of paediatric TBM over a treatment period of six months, as well as a control group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200913).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four elevated alkanes (pentadecane, 5,7-dimethyl-undecane, 4,7-dimethyl-undecane, and 2,6-dimethyl-undecane), three alkenes (decreased 2,5-dimethyl-2-hexene and 4,4-dimethyl-1-pentene, and increased 3-methoxy-1-pentene), and three other VOCs of biological interest (decreased 2-butenoic acid methyl ester and 3-heptanone, and increased 2-pyrrolidinone) were identified as statistically significant. These volatile compounds remained perturbed during the TBM treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study discovered new systemic metabolic information about\n                      <jats:italic>M. tb<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the host and the role of alkanes and VOCs in the potential persistence of\n                      <jats:italic>M. tb<\/jats:italic>\n                      . We demonstrate the value of targeting alkanes and other VOCs for future metabolomics studies of\n                      <jats:italic>M. tb<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11306-025-02304-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T16:12:34Z","timestamp":1754928754000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Exploratory investigation of urinary alkanes and other volatile organic compounds in paediatric patients with tuberculous meningitis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Simon","family":"Isaiah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Du Toit","family":"Loots","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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