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Therefore, a deeper understanding of the host response mechanisms that underly pathogenesis versus disease control upon infection with\n                      <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) is required to leverage the development of improved therapeutic or prophylactic TB treatment regimens. In the present work positron emission tomography (PET) using [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]DPA714 is piloted as a tracer of the mitochondrial translocator protein TSPO that mainly targets macrophages.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Procedures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We compared two tracers: [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]DPA714 to the widely applied marker [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]FDG to visualize the development of experimental pulmonary TB in three rhesus monkeys (\n                      <jats:italic>Macaca mulatta<\/jats:italic>\n                      ), that were infected with\n                      <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                      by repeated low dose exposure. Next to baseline recordings prior to infectious challenge, two PETs at a two-weeks interval were acquired early after the manifestation of TB infection for each of the respective tracers.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results &amp; Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Here, we demonstrate that both PET tracers detected\n                      <jats:italic>Mtb<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection. The inflammatory response tracked by [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]FDG progressively increased in line with the developing TB pathology, while [\n                      <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                      F]DPA714 showed a transient signal in lungs and lung-draining hilar lymph nodes. This study underpins the potential value of different tracers to investigate cellular and molecular host response cascades in experimental medicine settings, in this case, into a (transient) local involvement of myeloid immune cell activation versus inflammation-associated glucose consumption in pulmonary TB.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11307-025-02057-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T19:37:52Z","timestamp":1761075472000},"page":"943-953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparative Study of [18F]DPA714 and [18F]FDG PET Tracers in an Experimental Model of Pulmonary Tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4261-6535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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