{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T12:48:29Z","timestamp":1793796509769,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,11]],"date-time":"2012-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sleep Breath"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-012-0646-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,10]],"date-time":"2012-02-10T16:56:53Z","timestamp":1328893013000},"page":"419-426","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["The Epworth Sleepiness Scale: translation and validation study of the Iranian version"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Khosro","family":"Sadeghniiat Haghighi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Montazeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Khajeh Mehrizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omid","family":"Aminian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ania","family":"Rahimi Golkhandan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Saraei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Sedaghat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"646_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.159.2.9804051","volume":"159","author":"DJ Gottlieb","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gottlieb DJ, Whitney CW, Bonekat WH, Iber C, James GD, Lebowitz M, Nieto FJ, Rosenberg CE (1999) Relation of sleepiness to respiratory disturbance index: the Sleep Heart Health Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 159:502\u2013507","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"646_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2869.2000.00217.x","volume":"9","author":"J Harsh","year":"2000","unstructured":"Harsh J, Peszka J, Hartwig G, Mitler M (2000) Night-time sleep and daytime sleepiness in narcolepsy. J Sleep Res 9:309\u2013316","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"646_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199304293281704","volume":"328","author":"T Young","year":"1993","unstructured":"Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Skatrud J, Weber S, Badr S (1993) The occurrence of sleep-disordered breathing among middle-aged adults. N Engl J Med 328:1230\u20131235","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"646_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-5231(21)00874-1","volume":"13","author":"TD Bradley","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bradley TD (1992) Right and left ventricular functional impairment and sleep apnea. Clin Chest Med 13:459\u2013479","journal-title":"Clin Chest Med"},{"key":"646_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.11.2102028","volume":"164","author":"E Lindberg","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lindberg E, Carter N, Gislason T, Janson C (2001) Role of snoring and daytime sleepiness in occupational accidents. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 164:2031\u20132035","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"646_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199903183401104","volume":"340","author":"J Ter\u00e1n-Santos","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ter\u00e1n-Santos J, Jimenez-Gomez A, Cordero-Guevara J (1999) The association between sleep apnea and the risk of traffic accidents. Cooperative Group Burgos-Santander. N Engl J Med 340:847\u2013851","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"646_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1975.tb05830.x","volume":"52","author":"JD Parkes","year":"1975","unstructured":"Parkes JD, Baraitser M, Marsden CD, Asselman P (1975) Natural history, symptoms and treatment of the narcoleptic syndrome. Acta Neurol Scand 52:337\u2013353","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"646_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.07-0800","volume":"113","author":"F Lopez-Jimenez","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lopez-Jimenez F, Kuniyoshi FHS, Gami A, Somers VK (2008) Obstructive sleep apnea. Chest 113:793\u2013804","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"646_CR9","volume-title":"The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Diagnostic and Coding Manual","author":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine","year":"2005","unstructured":"American Academy of Sleep Medicine (2005) The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Diagnostic and Coding Manual, 2nd edn. Westchester, Illinois","edition":"2"},{"key":"646_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/14.6.540","volume":"14","author":"MW Johns","year":"1991","unstructured":"Johns MW (1991) A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep 14:540\u2013545","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"646_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020818417949","volume":"11","author":"NH Chen","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chen NH, Johns MW, Li HY, Chu CC, Liang SC, Shu YH, Chuang ML, Wang PC (2002) Validation of a Chinese version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Qual Life Res 11:817\u2013821","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"646_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-007-0145-7","volume":"12","author":"B Izci","year":"2007","unstructured":"Izci B, Ardic S, Firat H, Sahin A, Altinors M, Karacan I (2007) Reliability and validity studies of the Turkish version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep Breath 12:161\u2013168","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"646_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1159\/000029408","volume":"66","author":"KE Bloch","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bloch KE, Schoch OD, Zhang JN, Russi EW (1999) German version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Respiration 66:440\u2013447","journal-title":"Respiration"},{"key":"646_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-829632","volume":"8","author":"V Tsara","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tsara V, Serasli E, Amfilochiou A, Constantinidis T, Christaki P (2004) Greek version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep Breath 8:91\u201395","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"646_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1590\/S1806-37132009000900009","volume":"35","author":"AN Bertolazi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bertolazi AN, Fagondes SC, Hoff LS, Pedro VD, Menna Barreto SS, Johns MW (2009) Portuguese-language version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale: validation for use in Brazil. J Bras Pneumol 35:877\u2013883","journal-title":"J Bras Pneumol"},{"key":"646_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-008-0202-x","volume":"13","author":"KK Beiske","year":"2009","unstructured":"Beiske KK, Kjelsberg FN, Ruud EA, Stavem K (2009) Reliability and validity of a Norwegian version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep Breath 13:65\u201372","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"646_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosales E, Rey de Castro J, Huayanay L, Zagaceta K (2011) Validation and modification of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale in Peruvian population. Sleep Breath. doi: 10.1007\/s11325-011-0485-1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-011-0485-1"},{"key":"646_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s100720300004","volume":"23","author":"L Vignatelli","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vignatelli L, Plazzi G, Barbato A, Ferini-Strambi L, Manni R, Pompei F, D'Alessandro R (2003) Italian version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale: external validity. Neurol Sci 23:295\u2013300","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"646_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-010-0405-9","volume":"15","author":"W Banhiran","year":"2010","unstructured":"Banhiran W, Assanasen P, Nopmaneejumruslers C, Metheetrairut C (2010) Epworth Sleepiness Scale in obstructive sleep disordered breathing: the reliability and validity of the Thai version. Sleep Breath 15:571\u2013577","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"646_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-010-0435-3","volume":"15","author":"I Kopitovic","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kopitovic I, Trajanovic N, Prodic S, Drvenica MJ, Ilic M, Kuruc V, Kojicic M (2010) The Serbian version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep Breath 15:775\u2013780","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"646_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-010-0343-6","volume":"15","author":"YW Cho","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cho YW, Lee JH, Son HK, Lee SH, Shin C, Johns MW (2010) The reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep Breath 15:377\u2013384","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"646_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pecotic R, Dodig IP, Valic M, Ivkovic N, Dogas Z (2011) The evaluation of the Croatian version of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and STOP questionnaire as screening tools for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep Breath. doi: 10.1007\/s11325-011-0578-x","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-011-0578-x"},{"key":"646_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2869.2000.00177.x","volume":"9","author":"MW Johns","year":"2000","unstructured":"Johns MW (2000) Sensitivity and specificity of the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT), the maintenance of wakefulness test and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale: failure of the MSLT as a gold standard. J Sleep Res 9:5\u201311","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"646_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/20.6.406","volume":"20","author":"American Sleep Disorders Association","year":"1997","unstructured":"American Sleep Disorders Association (1997) Practice parameters for the indications for polysomnography and related procedures. Polysomnography Task Force, American Sleep Disorders Association Standards of Practice Committee. Sleep 20(6):406\u2013422","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"646_CR25","volume-title":"The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events, rules, terminology and technical specifications","author":"CA-IS Iber","year":"2007","unstructured":"Iber CA-IS, Chesson AL Jr, Quan SF (2007) The AASM manual for the scoring of sleep and associated events, rules, terminology and technical specifications, 1st edn. American Academy of Sleep Medicine, Westchester","edition":"1"},{"issue":"1","key":"646_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/28.1.113","volume":"28","author":"MR Littner","year":"2005","unstructured":"Littner MR, Kushida C, Wise M, Davila DG, Morgenthaler T, Lee-Chiong T, Hirshkowitz M, Daniel LL, Bailey D, Berry RB, Kapen S, Kramer M (2005) Practice parameters for clinical use of the multiple sleep latency test and the maintenance of wakefulness test. Sleep 28(1):113\u2013121","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"646_CR27","volume-title":"Psychometric theory","author":"JC Nunally","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nunally JC, Bernstien IH (1994) Psychometric theory. Mc Grow Hill, New York"},{"key":"646_CR28","volume-title":"Practical statistics for medical research","author":"DG Altman","year":"1991","unstructured":"Altman DG (1991) Practical statistics for medical research. Chapman and Hall, London"},{"key":"646_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e27","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/438676","volume":"17","author":"M Kaminska","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kaminska M, Jobin V, Mayer P, Amyot R, Perraton-Brillon M, Bellemare F (2010) The Epworth Sleepiness Scale: self-administration versus administration by the physician, and validation of a French version. Can Respir J 17:e27\u2013e34","journal-title":"Can Respir J"},{"key":"646_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/15.4.376","volume":"15","author":"MW Johns","year":"1992","unstructured":"Johns MW (1992) Reliability and factor analysis of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep 15:376\u2013381","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"646_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-9898-3","volume":"20","author":"JN Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang JN, Peng B, Zhao TT, Xiang M, Fu M, Peng Y (2011) Modification of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale in central China. Qual Life Res 20:1721\u20131726","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"646_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.26512","volume":"2","author":"AT Nguyen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nguyen AT, Baltzan MA, Small D, Wolkove N, Guillon S, Palayew M (2006) Clinical reproducibility of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. J Clin Sleep Med 2:170\u2013174","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"646_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/17.8.703","volume":"17","author":"MW Johns","year":"1994","unstructured":"Johns MW (1994) Sleepiness in different situations measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Sleep 17:703\u2013710","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"646_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2869.1998.00123.x","volume":"7","author":"LG Olson","year":"1998","unstructured":"Olson LG, Cole MF, Ambrogetti A (1998) Correlations among Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores, multiple sleep latency tests and psychological symptoms. J Sleep Res 7:248\u2013253","journal-title":"J Sleep Res"},{"key":"646_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.1.125","volume":"52","author":"RD Chervin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Chervin RD, Aldrich MS (1999) The Epworth Sleepiness Scale may not reflect objective measures of sleepiness or sleep apnea. Neurology 52:125\u2013131","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"646_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-4-199902160-00014","volume":"130","author":"SR Benbadis","year":"1999","unstructured":"Benbadis SR, Mascha E, Perry MC, Wolgamuth BR, Smolley LA, Dinner DS (1999) Association between the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and the multiple sleep latency test in a clinical population. Ann Intern Med 130:289\u2013292","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"646_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2004.05.004","volume":"58","author":"SY Fong","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fong SY, Ho CK, Wing YK (2005) Comparing MSLT and ESS in the measurement of excessive daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. J Psychosom Res 58:55\u201360","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"}],"container-title":["Sleep and Breathing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11325-012-0646-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11325-012-0646-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11325-012-0646-x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]],"date-time":"2021-12-28T19:22:41Z","timestamp":1640719361000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11325-012-0646-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,11]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]}},"alternative-id":["646"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11325-012-0646-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-9512","1522-1709"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-9512","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1709","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,11]]}}}