{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T07:56:21Z","timestamp":1793692581460,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578268800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1578268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Chinese Medicine","award":["20191158"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20191158"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Chinese Medicine","award":["20173023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20173023"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine","award":["YN2019ML11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YN2019ML11"]}]},{"name":"Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine","award":["YN2019QJ13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YN2019QJ13"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sleep Breath"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-019-01947-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]],"date-time":"2020-01-06T01:02:31Z","timestamp":1578272551000},"page":"1237-1245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Astragaloside IV ameliorates intermittent hypoxia-induced inflammatory dysfunction by suppressing MAPK\/NF-\u03baB signalling pathways in Beas-2B cells"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jian-Kun","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Kai","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Hui","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li-Qin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun-Mei","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Qiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"1947_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1515\/revneuro-2012-0027","volume":"23","author":"A Raggi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Raggi A, Ferri R (2012) Cognitive evoked potentials in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: a review of the literature. Rev Neurosci 23:311\u2013323","journal-title":"Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"1947_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2016.2535","volume":"37","author":"W Jia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jia W, Jian Z, Li J, Luo L, Zhao L, Zhou Y, Tang F, Xiao Y (2016) Upregulated ATF6 contributes to chronic intermittent hypoxia-afforded protection against myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion injury. Int J Mol Med 37:1199\u20131208","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"1947_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.14639\/0392-100X-895","volume":"35","author":"D Passali","year":"2015","unstructured":"Passali D, Corallo G, Yaremchuk S, Longini M, Proietti F, Passali GC, Bellussi L (2015) Oxidative stress in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 35:420\u2013425","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"key":"1947_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4715","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.904087","volume":"23","author":"Q Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu Q, Du J, Ling X, Lu Y (2017) Evaluation of MIh scoring system in diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Med Sci Monit 23:4715\u20134722","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"1947_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1115","DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431x20154487","volume":"48","author":"J Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang J, Zheng L, Cao J, Chen B, Jin D (2015) Inflammation induced by increased frequency of intermittent hypoxia is attenuated by tempol administration. Braz J Med Biol Res 48:1115\u20131121","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"1947_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.3390\/cells5020022","volume":"5","author":"V Baud","year":"2016","unstructured":"Baud V, Collares D (2016) Post-translational modifications of RelB NF-kB subunit and associated functions. Cells 5:22","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1947_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1947","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.3236","volume":"36","author":"LP Israel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Israel LP, Benharoch D, Gopas J, Goldbart AD (2013) A pro-inflammatory role for nuclear factor kappa B in childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep 36:1947\u20131955","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"1947_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-012-0791-2","volume":"17","author":"M Akinnusi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Akinnusi M, Jaoude P, Kufel T, El-Solh AA (2013) Toll-like receptor activity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Breath 17:1009\u20131016","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"1947_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7152","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.910632","volume":"7","author":"JJ Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang JJ, Wang SJ, Gao X, Wang B, Dong YT, Bai Y, Chen Y, Gong JN, Huang YQ, An DD (2018) Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) pathway promotes pulmonary inflammation in chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced obstructive sleep apnea. Med Sci Monit 7:7152\u20137161","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"1947_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/935738","volume":"2012","author":"Y He","year":"2012","unstructured":"He Y, Xi J, Zheng H, Zhang Y, Jin Y, Xu Z (2012) Astragaloside IV inhibits oxidative stress-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening by inactivating GSK-3 via nitric oxide in H9c2 cardiac cells. Oxidative Med Cell Longev 2012:1\u20139","journal-title":"Oxidative Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"1947_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.04.007","volume":"568","author":"XL Xu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Xu XL, Ji H, Gu SY, Shao Q, Huang QJ, Cheng YP (2007) Modification of alterations in cardiac function and sarcoplasmic reticulum by astragaloside IV in myocardial injury in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 568:203\u2013212","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"1947_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1139\/Y08-053","volume":"86","author":"Q Du","year":"2008","unstructured":"Du Q, Chen Z, Zhou LF, Zhang Q, Huang M, Yin KS (2008) Inhibitory effects of astragaloside IV on ovalbumin-induced chronic experimental asthma. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 86:449\u2013457","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"1947_CR13","first-page":"115","volume":"6","author":"X Gu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gu X, Jiang D, Wang Y, Du Q, Cai J (2012) Effects of astragaloside IV on eosinophil activation induced by house dust mite allergen. Mol Med Rep 6:115\u2013120","journal-title":"Mol Med Rep"},{"key":"1947_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2014.03.005","volume":"219","author":"X Huang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Huang X, Tang L, Wang F, Song G (2014) Astragaloside IV attenuates allergic inflammation by regulation Th1\/Th2 cytokine and enhancement CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3 T cells in ovalbumin-induced asthma. Immunobiology 219:565\u2013571","journal-title":"Immunobiology"},{"key":"1947_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2345","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(00)00815-8","volume":"67","author":"HC Chen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chen HC, Chen CA, Guh JY, Chang JM, Shin SJ, Lai YH (2000) Altering expression of alpha3beta1 integrin on podocytes of human and rats with diabetes. Life Sci 67:2345\u20132453","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"1947_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1967","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2012040373","volume":"23","author":"S Nlandu Khodo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nlandu Khodo S, Dizin E, Sossauer G, Szanto I, Martin PY, Feraille E, Krause KH, de Seigneux S (2012) NADPH-oxidase 4 protects against kidney fibrosis during chronic renal injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 23:1967\u20131976","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"1947_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1715","DOI":"10.1039\/C8MD00341F","volume":"9","author":"X Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang X, Chen J, Xu P, Tian X (2018) Protective effects of astragaloside IV against hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Medchemcomm 9:1715\u20131721","journal-title":"Medchemcomm"},{"key":"1947_CR18","first-page":"620","volume":"34","author":"N Shang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shang N, Gu XY, Jiang DS, Li YL (2008) The effect of Astragalus injection in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients. Jiangsu Med J 34:620\u2013621","journal-title":"Jiangsu Med J"},{"key":"1947_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.21537","volume":"217","author":"G Yuan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Yuan G, Nanduri J, Khan S, Semenza GL, Prabhakar NR (2008) Induction of HIF-1alpha expression by intermittent hypoxia: involvement of NADPH oxidase, Ca2 signaling, prolyl hydroxylases, and mTOR. J Cell Physiol 217:674\u2013685","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol"},{"key":"1947_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2014.12.062","volume":"99","author":"HE Merry","year":"2015","unstructured":"Merry HE, Phelan P, Doak MR, Zhao M, Hwang B, Mulligan MS (2015) Role of toll-like receptor-4 in lung ischemia-reperfusion injury. Ann Thorac Surg 99:1193\u20131199","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"1947_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3463","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2017.4971","volume":"14","author":"Y Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang Y, Chai Y, He X, Ai L, Sun X, Huang Y, Li Y (2017) Intermittent hypoxia simulating obstructive sleep apnea causes pulmonary inflammation and activates the Nrf2\/HO-1 pathway. Exp Ther Med 14:3463\u20133470","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"1947_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3264","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.0366-6999.20131448","volume":"126","author":"J Shang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Shang J, Yang YY, Guo XL, Liu HG (2013) Ang II type 1 receptor expression in rat aorta exposed to chronic intermittent hypoxia: Effects of p38MAPK and ERK1\/2 signaling. Chin Med J 126:3264\u20133269","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"1947_CR23","first-page":"877","volume":"51","author":"YQ Zhou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhou YQ, Ye JY (2016) Personalized combined modality therapy based on pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 51:877\u2013880 [in Chinese]","journal-title":"Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"1947_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20020263","volume":"104","author":"M Satoh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Satoh M, Nakamura M, Akatsu T, Iwasaka J, Shimoda Y, Segawa I, Hiramori K (2003) Expression of Toll-like receptor 4 is associated with enteroviral replication in human myocarditis. Clin Sci (Lond) 104:577\u2013584","journal-title":"Clin Sci (Lond)"},{"key":"1947_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2009.03203.x","volume":"129","author":"SY Kim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kim SY, Choi YJ, Joung SM, Lee BH, Jung YS, Lee JY (2010) Hypoxic stress up-regulates the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 in macrophages via hypoxia-inducible factor. Immunology 129:516\u2013524","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"1947_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"792639","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/792639","volume":"2011","author":"Y Son","year":"2011","unstructured":"Son Y, Cheong YK, Kim NH, Chung HT, Kang DG, Pae HO (2011) Mitogen-activated protein kinases and reactive oxygen species: how can ROS activate MAPK pathways? J Signal Transduct 2011:792639","journal-title":"J Signal Transduct"},{"key":"1947_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C724","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00072.2014","volume":"15","author":"KA Smith","year":"2014","unstructured":"Smith KA, Yuan JX (2014) Breaking barriers in obstructive sleep apnea. Focus on \u201cIntermittent hypoxia-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction requires ROS-dependent MAP kinase activation.\u201d. Am J Phys Cell Physiol 15:C724\u2013C725","journal-title":"Am J Phys Cell Physiol"},{"key":"1947_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C745","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00313.2013","volume":"15","author":"VV Makarenko","year":"2014","unstructured":"Makarenko VV, Usatyuk PV, Yuan G, Lee MM, Nanduri J, Natarajan V, Kumar GK, Prabhakar NR (2014) Intermittent hypoxia-induced endothelial barrier dysfunction requires ROS-dependent MAP kinase activation. Am J Phys Cell Physiol 15:C745\u2013C752","journal-title":"Am J Phys Cell Physiol"},{"key":"1947_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705700","volume":"141","author":"FM Ho","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ho FM, Lai CC, Huang LJ, Kuo TC, Chao CM, Lin WW (2004) The anti-inflammatory carbazole, LCY-2-CHO, inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory mediator expression through inhibition of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in macrophages. Br J Pharmacol 141:1037\u20131047","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"1947_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000189132.86878.f7","volume":"242","author":"D Klintman","year":"2005","unstructured":"Klintman D, Li X, Santen S, Schramm R, Jeppsson B, Thorlacius H (2005) p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent chemokine production, leukocyte recruitment, and hepatocellular apoptosis in endotoxemic liver injury. Ann Surg 242:830\u2013838","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"1947_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13681","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.251194298","volume":"98","author":"BL Bennett","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bennett BL, Sasaki DT, Murray BW, O\u2019Leary EC, Sakata ST, Xu W, Leisten JC, Motiwala A, Pierce S, Satoh Y, Bhagwat SS, Manning AM, Anderson DW (2001) SP600125, an anthrapyrazolone inhibitor of Jun N-terminal kinase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:13681\u201313686","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"1947_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a006049","volume":"4","author":"K Newton","year":"2012","unstructured":"Newton K, Dixit VM (2012) Signaling in innate immunity and inflammation. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 4:1\u201319","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"key":"1947_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e21891","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0021891","volume":"6","author":"JN Dai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dai JN, Zong Y, Zhong LM, Li YM, Zhang W, Bian LG, Ai QL, Liu YD, Sun J, Lu D (2011) Gastrodin inhibits expression of inducible NO synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and proinflammatory cytokines in cultured LPS-stimulated microglia via MAPK pathways. PLoS One 6:e21891","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1947_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81318-5","volume":"87","author":"PA Baeuerle","year":"1996","unstructured":"Baeuerle PA, Baltimore D (1996) NF-kappa B: ten years after. Cell 87:13\u201320","journal-title":"Cell"}],"container-title":["Sleep and Breathing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11325-019-01947-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11325-019-01947-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11325-019-01947-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T15:35:47Z","timestamp":1722267347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11325-019-01947-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}},"alternative-id":["1947"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11325-019-01947-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1520-9512","1522-1709"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1520-9512","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-1709","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 January 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 September 2019","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 September 2019","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2020","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}}]}}