{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T02:40:01Z","timestamp":1779331201488,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007594","name":"Comenius University in Bratislava","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007594","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sleep Breath"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese children with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) calls for early non-invasive screening. The aim of this study was to use ultrasonographic liver echogenicity and elasticity to evaluate the early stages of liver injury in obese children with OSA.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Fifty-five obese children with OSA aged 12 to 15 years were included. The control group (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200956) consisted of healthy, non-obese children. All children underwent ultrasound examination to assess liver echogenicity using the hepatorenal index (HRI) and real-time elastography to determine the liver fibrosis index (LFI). Polysomnographic parameters, sonographic values, and clinical-biochemical assessment were statistically analysed according to OSA and its severity. Subgroup 1 was obese children with OSA and AHI\u2009&lt;\u20095 and subgroup 2 was obese children with OSA and AHI\u2009\u2265\u20095.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Higher average values of HRI and LFI were recorded in the group of obese paediatric patients with OSA (mean age\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD, 14.1\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2\u00a0year; 53% male; BMI z-score, 2.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.35) compared to the control group (1.37\u2009\u00b1\u20090.19 vs. 1.12\u2009\u00b1\u20090.07, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001 and 1.82\u2009\u00b1\u20090.31 vs. 1.02\u2009\u00b1\u20090.27, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A significantly higher LFI was recorded in subgroup 2 compared to subgroup 1 (2.0\u2009\u00b1\u20090.3 vs. 1.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2, p\u2009<jats:bold>&lt;<\/jats:bold>\u20090.001) while laboratory parameters and HRI (1.4\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2 vs. 1.4\u2009\u00b1\u20090.2, p\u2009<jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold>\u20090.630) did not change significantly. A strong positive correlation was found between the severity of OSA and the LFI (r\u2009<jats:bold>=<\/jats:bold>\u20090.454; p\u2009<jats:bold>&lt;<\/jats:bold>\u20090.01).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>These findings suggest that ultrasound elastography is a useful non-invasive screening test for OSA-related steatohepatitis in obese adolescents, but other clinical studies are needed to confirm this result.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-024-03149-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T11:03:56Z","timestamp":1726139036000},"page":"2653-2661","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Elastography as a non-invasive method of screening non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the adult phenotype of paediatric obstructive sleep apnoea"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6533-5758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Durdikova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5813-3039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Durdik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0183-8158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marek","family":"Prso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4482-2773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominika","family":"Dvorska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3212-2395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Remen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8666-1763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jarmila","family":"Vojtkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4461-9326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filip","family":"Oleksak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0486-0123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Banovcin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"3149_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2012-1671","volume":"130","author":"SL Marcus","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marcus SL, Brooks LJ, Draper KA, Gozal D, Halbower AC, Jones J et al (2012) Diagnosis and management of childhood obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. 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