{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T04:35:50Z","timestamp":1778560550021,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,11]],"date-time":"2016-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470873600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Research Foundation Deutscher Akademischer Austauchdienst","award":["(SFD1208219437)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(SFD1208219437)"]}]},{"name":"Water Research Commission of South Africa","award":["K5\/1966 & K5\/2347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K5\/1966 & K5\/2347"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-7369-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,10]],"date-time":"2016-08-10T22:00:37Z","timestamp":1470866437000},"page":"21501-21510","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Antibiotic resistance, efflux pump genes and virulence determinants in Enterococcus spp. from surface water systems"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"L. G.","family":"Molale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cornelius Carlos","family":"Bezuidenhout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"7369_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2246","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.6.2246-2259.2005","volume":"49","author":"\u00c5 Aakra","year":"2005","unstructured":"Aakra \u00c5, Veb\u00f8 H, Snipen L, Hirt H, Aastveit A, Kapur V, Dunny G, Murray B, Nes IF (2005) Transcriptional response of Enterococcus faecalis V583 to erythromycin. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49(6):2246\u20132259","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"7369_CR2","unstructured":"Agyakwa WE (2014) Antibiotic usage in South Africa: a longitudinal analysis of medicine claims data. MPharm dissertation, Pharmacy Practice, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa"},{"key":"7369_CR3","volume-title":"Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater","author":"APHA-AWWA-WEF","year":"1998","unstructured":"APHA-AWWA-WEF (1998) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 20th edn. American Public Health Association, Washington","edition":"20"},{"key":"7369_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arvanitidou M, Katsouyannopoulos V, Tsakris A (2001) Antibiotic resistance patterns of enterococci isolated from coastal bathing waters. J Med Microbiol 50:1001\u20131005","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-50-11-1001"},{"issue":"11","key":"7369_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3615","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00390-06","volume":"50","author":"E Aslangul","year":"2006","unstructured":"Aslangul E, Massias L, Meulemans A, Chau F, Andremont A, Courvalin P, Fantin B, Ruimy R (2006) Acquired gentamicin resistance by permeability impairment in Enterococcus faecalis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50(11):3615\u20133621","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"7369_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/45.4_ts.493","volume":"45","author":"A Bauer","year":"1966","unstructured":"Bauer A, Kirby W, Sherris JC, Turck M (1966) Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. Am J Clin Pathol 45(4):493","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"issue":"6","key":"7369_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2672.2003.01919.x","volume":"94","author":"A Blanch","year":"2003","unstructured":"Blanch A, Caplin J, Iversen A, K\u00fchn I, Manero A, Taylor H, Vilanova X (2003) Comparison of enterococcal populations related to urban and hospital wastewater in various climatic and geographic European regions. J Appl Microbiol 94(6):994\u20131002","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"7369_CR8","first-page":"1557","volume":"87","author":"S Budavari","year":"1997","unstructured":"Budavari S, Saunders G, Liebowitz L, Khoosal M, Crewe-Brown H (1997) Emergence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in South Africa. S Afr Med J 87(11):1557","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"issue":"17","key":"7369_CR9","first-page":"1825","volume":"8","author":"EM Carvalho","year":"2014","unstructured":"Carvalho EM, Costa RA, Araujo AJ, Carvalho FCT, Pereira SP, Sousa OV, Vieira RH (2014) Multiple antibiotic-resistance of Enterococcus isolated from coastal water near an outfall in Brazil. AJMR 8(17):1825\u20131831","journal-title":"AJMR"},{"key":"7369_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen AY, Zervos MJ (2009) Enterococcus: antimicrobial resistance in enterococci epidemiology, treatment, and control. In: Antimicrobial Drug Resistance. Springer 715\u2013733","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60327-595-8_3"},{"issue":"2","key":"7369_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2011.09.024","volume":"16","author":"C Chouchani","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chouchani C, El Salabi A, Marrakchi R, Ferchichi L, Walsh TR (2012) First report of mefA and msrA\/msrB multidrug efflux pumps associated with Bla TEM-1 \u03b2-lactamase in Enterococcus faecalis. Int J Infect Dis 16(2):e104\u2013e109","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"7369_CR12","unstructured":"Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute Performance (2012) Standards for automated susceptibility testing: 22nd Informational Supplement M100-S22. Wayne, Pennsylvania"},{"issue":"2","key":"7369_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6941.2005.00032.x","volume":"55","author":"MF Da Silva","year":"2006","unstructured":"Da Silva MF, Tiago I, Ver\u00edssimo A, Boaventura RA, Nunes OC, Manaia CM (2006) Antibiotic resistance of enterococci and related bacteria in an urban wastewater treatment plant. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 55(2):322\u2013329","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Ecol"},{"issue":"9","key":"7369_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7427","DOI":"10.1007\/s10661-013-3110-x","volume":"185","author":"AC Dada","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dada AC, Ahmad A, Usup G, Heng LY, Hamid R (2013) High-level aminoglycoside resistance and virulence characteristics among Enterococci isolated from recreational beaches in Malaysia. Environ Monit Assess 185(9):7427\u20137443","journal-title":"Environ Monit Assess"},{"key":"7369_CR15","unstructured":"Davis DR, McAlpine JB, Pazoles CJ, Talbot MK, Alder EA, White C, Jonas BM, Murray BE, Weinstock GM, Rogers BL (2001) Enterococcus faecalis multi-drug resistance transporters: application for antibiotic discovery. J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol 3:179\u2013184"},{"key":"7369_CR16","unstructured":"DWAF (2004) National water resource strategy Chapter 2. Pretoria, South Africa Government Printer"},{"key":"7369_CR17","unstructured":"DWAF (2009) Adopt-A-River programme phase II: Development of an implementation plan water resource quality situation assesment. Hendriks H, Rossouw JN Department of Water Affairs and Forestry. Pretoria, South-Africa: Government Printer. https:\/\/www.dwa.gov.za\/iwqs\/rhp\/xtra\/water_quality_situation_assessments.pdf . Accessed 13 Apr 2011"},{"issue":"1","key":"7369_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.1.97-103.2005","volume":"49","author":"RS Duarte","year":"2005","unstructured":"Duarte RS, Bellei BC, Miranda OP, Brito MA, Teixeira LM (2005) Distribution of antimicrobial resistance and virulence-related genes among Brazilian group B streptococci recovered from bovine and human sources. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 49(1):97\u2013103","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"6","key":"7369_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1749","DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.026385-0","volume":"155","author":"K Fisher","year":"2009","unstructured":"Fisher K, Phillips C (2009) The ecology, epidemiology and virulence of Enterococcus. Microbiology 155(6):1749\u20131757","journal-title":"Microbiology"},{"issue":"21","key":"7369_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5725","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00980-12","volume":"194","author":"C Hill","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hill C, Virulence or niche factors (2012) what's in a name? J Bacteriol 194(21):5725\u20135727","journal-title":"J Bacteriol"},{"issue":"5","key":"7369_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.4161\/viru.21282","volume":"3","author":"BL Hollenbeck","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hollenbeck BL, Rice LB (2012) Intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms in enterococcus. Virulence 3(5):421\u2013569","journal-title":"Virulence"},{"issue":"4","key":"7369_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4231","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph120404231","volume":"12","author":"BC Iweriebor","year":"2015","unstructured":"Iweriebor BC, Gaqavu S, Obi LC, Nwodo UU, Okoh AI (2015) Antibiotic susceptibilities of enterococcus species isolated from hospital and domestic wastewater effluents in Alice, eastern Cape Province of South Africa. Int J Environ Res Public Health 12(4):4231\u20134246","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"7369_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3574","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.12.3574-3579.2001","volume":"45","author":"BM Jonas","year":"2001","unstructured":"Jonas BM, Murray BE, Weinstock GM (2001) Characterization of emeA, anorA homolog and multidrug resistance efflux pump, in Enterococcus faecalis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 45(12):3574\u20133579","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"3","key":"7369_CR24","first-page":"385","volume":"39","author":"K Jordaan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jordaan K, Bezuidenhout CC (2013) The impact of physico-chemical water quality parameters on bacterial diversity in the Vaal River, South Africa. Water SA 39(3):385\u2013396","journal-title":"Water SA"},{"issue":"1","key":"7369_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-9-140","volume":"9","author":"P Lata","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lata P, Ram S, Agrawal M, Shanker R (2009) Enterococci in river ganga surface waters: propensity of species distribution, dissemination of antimicrobial-resistance and virulence-markers among species along landscape. BMC Microbiol 9(1):1","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"7369_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.2165\/11317030-000000000-00000","volume":"69","author":"X-Z Li","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li X-Z, Nikaido H (2009) Efflux-mediated drug resistance in bacteria. Drugs 69(12):1555\u20131623","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"7369_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li J, Li L, Sheen J (2010) Protocol: a rapid and economical procedure for purification of plasmid or plant DNA with diverse applications in plant biology. Plant Methods 6(1):1\u20138","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4811-6-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"7369_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2008.06.004","volume":"66","author":"F L\u00f3pez","year":"2010","unstructured":"L\u00f3pez F, Culebras E, Betri\u00fa C, Rodr\u00edguez-Avial I, G\u00f3mez M, Picazo JJ (2010) Antimicrobial susceptibility and macrolide resistance genes in Enterococcus faecium with reduced susceptibility to quinupristin\u2013dalfopristin: level of quinupristin\u2013dalfopristin resistance is not dependent on erm (B) attenuator region sequence. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 66(1):73\u201377","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"issue":"17","key":"7369_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5089","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2010.08.007","volume":"44","author":"A \u0141uczkiewicz","year":"2010","unstructured":"\u0141uczkiewicz A, Jankowska K, Fudala-Ksi\u0105\u017cek S, Ola\u0144czuk-Neyman K (2010) Antimicrobial resistance of fecal indicators in municipal wastewater treatment plant. Water Res 44(17):5089\u20135097","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"7369_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.4.869","volume":"41","author":"C Lynch","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lynch C, Courvalin P, Nikaido H (1997) Active efflux of antimicrobial agents in wild-type strains of enterococci. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 41(4):869\u2013871","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"8","key":"7369_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1080\/03601230600964258","volume":"41","author":"PM Martins da Costa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Martins da Costa PM, Vaz-Pires PM, Bernardo FM (2006) Antibiotic resistance of Enterococcus spp. isolated from wastewater and sludge of poultry slaughterhouses. J Environ Sci Health B 41(8):1393\u20131403","journal-title":"J Environ Sci Health B"},{"issue":"4","key":"7369_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1053\/jhin.1999.0696","volume":"44","author":"K McCarthy","year":"2000","unstructured":"McCarthy K, Van Nierop W, Duse A, Von Gottberg A, Kassel M, Perovic O, Smego R (2000) Control of an outbreak of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in an oncology ward in South Africa: effective use of limited resources. J Hosp Infect 44(4):294\u2013300","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"issue":"4","key":"7369_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2008.03828.x","volume":"105","author":"D Moore","year":"2008","unstructured":"Moore D, Guzman J, McGee C (2008) Species distribution and antimicrobial resistance of enterococci isolated from surface and ocean water. J Appl Microbiol 105(4):1017\u20131025","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"7369_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.59.3.695-700.1993","volume":"59","author":"G Muyzer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Muyzer G, De Waal EC, Uitterlinden AG (1993) Profiling of complex microbial populations by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified genes coding for 16S rRNA. Appl Environ Microbiol 59(3):695\u2013700","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"7369_CR35","unstructured":"Pantshwa M, Van Der Walt A, Cilliers S, Bezuidenhout C (2009) Investigation of faecal pollution and occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the Mooi river system as a function of a changed environment. http:\/\/www.ewisa.co.za\/literature\/files\/2008_137.pdf . Accessed 26 Jun 2011"},{"issue":"4","key":"7369_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.44.4.967-971.2000","volume":"44","author":"A Portillo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Portillo A, Ruiz-Larrea F, Zarazaga M, Alonso A, Martinez JL, Torres C (2000) Macrolide Resistance Genes in Enterococcus spp. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 44(4):967\u2013971","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"12","key":"7369_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.43.12.2823","volume":"43","author":"MC Roberts","year":"1999","unstructured":"Roberts MC, Sutcliffe J, Courvalin P, Jensen LB, Rood J, Seppala H (1999) Nomenclature for macrolide and macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance determinants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 43(12):2823\u20132830","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"2","key":"7369_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2012.1279","volume":"10","author":"VA S\u00e1nchez","year":"2013","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez VA, Lavilla LL, Benomar N, G\u00e1lvez A, P\u00e9rez PR, Abriouel H (2013) Phenotypic and molecular antibiotic resistance profile of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from different traditional fermented foods. Foodborne Pathog Dis 10(2):143\u2013149","journal-title":"Foodborne Pathog Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"7369_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.2166\/wh.2013.005","volume":"11","author":"TM Santiago-Rodriguez","year":"2013","unstructured":"Santiago-Rodriguez TM, Rivera JI, Coradin M, Toranzos GA (2013) Antibiotic-resistance and virulence genes in Enterococcus isolated from tropical recreational waters. J Water Health 11(3):387\u2013396","journal-title":"J Water Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"7369_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6941.2003.tb01073.x","volume":"43","author":"T Schwartz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Schwartz T, Kohnen W, Jansen B, Obst U (2003) Detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their resistance genes in wastewater, surface water, and drinking water biofilms. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 43(3):325\u2013335","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Ecol"},{"issue":"7","key":"7369_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4366","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.69.7.4366-4372.2001","volume":"69","author":"N Shankar","year":"2001","unstructured":"Shankar N, Lockatell CV, Baghdayan AS, Drachenberg C, Gilmore MS, Johnson DE (2001) Role of Enterococcus faecalis surface protein ESP in the pathogenesis of ascending urinary tract infection. Infect Immun 69(7):4366\u20134372","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"5","key":"7369_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2979","DOI":"10.1021\/es4050083","volume":"48","author":"J Sidhu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sidhu J, Skelly E, Hodgers L, Ahmed W, Li Y, Toze S (2014) Prevalence of Enterococcus species and their virulence genes in fresh water prior to and after storm events. Environ Sci Technol 48(5):2979\u20132988","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7369_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.1.263-266.2001","volume":"45","author":"KV Singh","year":"2001","unstructured":"Singh KV, Malathum K, Murray BE (2001) Disruption of an Enterococcus faecium species-specific gene, a homologue of acquired macrolide resistance genes of staphylococci, is associated with an increase in macrolide susceptibility. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 45(1):263\u2013266","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"issue":"10","key":"7369_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2752","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.10.2752","volume":"42","author":"M Struwig","year":"1998","unstructured":"Struwig M, Botha P, Chalkley L (1998) In vitro activities of 15 antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of South African enterococci. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 42(10):2752\u20132755","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"7369_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teixeira L, Merquior V (2013) Enterococcus molecular typing in bacterial infections. Humana Press","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-185-1_2"},{"issue":"4","key":"7369_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s10482-012-9749-4","volume":"102","author":"SCR Thumu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thumu SCR, Halami PM (2012) Presence of erythromycin and tetracycline resistance genes in lactic acid bacteria from fermented foods of Indian origin. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 102(4):541\u2013551","journal-title":"Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek"},{"issue":"3","key":"7369_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695X.2008.00383.x","volume":"52","author":"J Top","year":"2008","unstructured":"Top J, Willems R, Bonten M (2008) Emergence of CC17 Enterococcus faecium: from commensal to hospital-adapted pathogen. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol 52(3):297\u2013308","journal-title":"FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol"},{"key":"7369_CR48","unstructured":"US EPA (1994) http:\/\/www.dem.ri.gov\/pubs\/sops\/wmsr2013.pdf . Accessed 3 Mar 2010"},{"key":"7369_CR49","unstructured":"US EPA (2000) Improved enumeration methods for the recreational water quality indicators: Enterococci and Escherichia coli. EPA\/821\/R- 97\/004. Washington, DC. Available online: http:\/\/www.epa.gov\/microbes\/RecManv . Accessed 3 Mar 2010"},{"issue":"4","key":"7369_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(00)00291-4","volume":"60","author":"F Van Bambeke","year":"2000","unstructured":"Van Bambeke F, Balzi E, Tulkens PM (2000) Antibiotic efflux pumps. Biochem Pharmacol 60(4):457\u2013470","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"issue":"10","key":"7369_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4473","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.42.10.4473-4479.2004","volume":"42","author":"V Vankerckhoven","year":"2004","unstructured":"Vankerckhoven V, Van Autgaerden T, Vael C, Lammens C, Chapelle S, Rossi R, Jabes D, Goossens H (2004) Development of a multiplex PCR for the detection of asa1, gelE, cylA, esp, and hyl genes in enterococci and survey for virulence determinants among European hospital isolates of Enterococcus faecium. J Clin Microbiol 42(10):4473\u20134479","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"7369_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.2.905-909.2000","volume":"38","author":"A Gottberg von","year":"2000","unstructured":"von Gottberg A, van Nierop W, Dus\u00e9 A, Kassel M, McCarthy K, Brink A, Meyers M, Smego R, Koornhof H (2000) Epidemiology of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci colonizing high-risk patients in hospitals in Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa. J Clin Microbiol 38(2):905\u2013909","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"7369_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1007\/s11515-011-1167-x","volume":"6","author":"J Vu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vu J, Carvalho J (2011) Enterococcus: review of its physiology, pathogenesis, diseases and the challenges it poses for clinical microbiology. Front Biol 6(5):357\u2013366","journal-title":"Front Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"7369_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg050","volume":"51","author":"M Webber","year":"2003","unstructured":"Webber M, Piddock L (2003) The importance of efflux pumps in bacterial antibiotic resistance. J Antimicrob Chemother 51(1):9\u201311","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"issue":"4","key":"7369_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.40.4.992","volume":"40","author":"L Wondrack","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wondrack L, Massa M, Yang B, Sutcliffe J (1996) Clinical strain of Staphylococcus aureus inactivates and causes efflux of macrolides. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 40(4):992\u2013998","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-016-7369-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-016-7369-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-016-7369-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T02:11:28Z","timestamp":1600999888000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-016-7369-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,11]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["7369"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-016-7369-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-1344","1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-1344","type":"print"},{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,11]]}}}