{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:43:17Z","timestamp":1768351397329,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,9]],"date-time":"2019-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549670400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004919","name":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KACST Project Number MS-67?36"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KACST Project Number MS-67?36"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004919","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-04443-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,9]],"date-time":"2019-02-09T14:22:35Z","timestamp":1549722155000},"page":"9966-9980","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Ameliorative effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles against potassium bromate-mediated toxicity in Swiss albino rats"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6993-9954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iftekhar","family":"Hassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fohad Mabood","family":"Husain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rais Ahmad","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hossam","family":"Ebaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jameel","family":"Al-Tamimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim M.","family":"Alhazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shazia","family":"Aman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khalid Elfaki","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"4443_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2015.08.019","volume":"84","author":"R Abbasalipourkabir","year":"2015","unstructured":"Abbasalipourkabir R, Moradi H, Zarei S, Asadi S, Salehzadeh A, Ghafourikhosroshahi A, Mortazavi M, Ziamajidi N (2015) Toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles on adult male Wistar rats. Food Chem Toxicol 84:154\u2013160","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"4443_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05016-3","volume":"105","author":"H Aebi","year":"1984","unstructured":"Aebi H (1984) Catalase in vitro. Meth Enzymol 105:121\u2013126","journal-title":"Meth Enzymol"},{"key":"4443_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2011.12.073","volume":"87","author":"MK Ahmad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ahmad MK, Mahmood R (2012) Oral administration of potassium bromate, a major water disinfection by-product, induces oxidative stress and impairs the antioxidant power of rat blood. Chemosphere 87:750\u2013756","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"4443_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ahmad MK, Naqshbandi A, Fareed M, Mahmood R (2012) Oral administration of a nephrotoxic dose of potassium bromate, a food additive, alters renal redox and metabolic status and inhibits brush border membrane enzymes in rats. Food Chem 134(2):980\u2013985. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.03.004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.03.004"},{"issue":"2","key":"4443_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.20780","volume":"29","author":"MK Ahmad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ahmad MK, Amani S, Mahmood R (2014) Potassium bromate causes cell lysis and induces oxidative stress in human erythrocytes. Environ Toxicol 29(2):138\u2013145. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tox.20780","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol"},{"issue":"3","key":"4443_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0119137","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119137","volume":"10","author":"MK Ahmad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ahmad MK, Khan AA, Ali SN, Mahmood R (2015) Chemoprotective effect of taurine on potassium bromate-induced DNA damage, DNA-protein cross-linking and oxidative stress in rat intestine. PLoS One 10(3):e0119137. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0119137","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"4443_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/s12993-016-0098-8","volume":"12","author":"J Ajarem","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ajarem J, Altoom NG, Allam AA, Maodaa SN, Abdel-Maksoud MA, Chow BK (2016) Oral administration of potassium bromate induces neurobehavioral changes, alters the cerebral neurotransmitters level and impairs brain tissue of Swiss mice. Behav Brain Funct 12(1):14. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12993-016-0098-8","journal-title":"Behav Brain Funct"},{"issue":"2","key":"4443_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2015.02.010","volume":"23","author":"MA Ali","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ali MA, Farah MA, Al-Hemaid FM, Abou-Tarboush FM, Al-Anazi KM, Wabaidur SM, Alothman ZA, Lee J (2016) Assessment of biological activity and UPLC-MS based chromatographic profiling of ethanolic extract of Ochradenus arabicus. Saudi J Biol Sci 23(2):229\u2013236. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sjbs.2015.02.010","journal-title":"Saudi J Biol Sci"},{"key":"4443_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Al-Shabib NA, Husain FM, Ahmed F, Khan RA, Ahmad I, Alsharaeh E, Khan MS, Hussain A, Rehman MT, Yusuf M, Hassan I, Khan JM, Ashraf GM, Alsalme A, Al-Ajmi MF, Tarasov VV, Aliev G (2016) Biogenic synthesis of Zinc oxide nanostructures from Nigella sativa seed: Prospective role as food packaging material inhibiting broad-spectrum quorum sensing and biofilm. Sci Rep 6:36761. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep36761","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36761"},{"issue":"2","key":"4443_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2017.01.060","volume":"25","author":"NG Altoom","year":"2018","unstructured":"Altoom NG, Ajarem J, Allam AA, Maodaa SN, Abdel-Maksoud MA (2018) Deleterious effects of potassium bromate administration on renal and hepatic tissues of Swiss mice. Saudi J Biol Sci 25(2):278\u2013228","journal-title":"Saudi J Biol Sci"},{"key":"4443_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6521","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S140071","volume":"12","author":"DP Bai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bai DP, Zhang XF, Zhang GL, Huang YF, Gurunathan S (2017) Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce apoptosis and autophagy in human ovarian cancer cells. Int J Nanomedicine 12:6521\u20136535. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJN.S140071","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"key":"4443_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1139\/cjpp-2017-0247","volume":"96","author":"SA Bashandy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bashandy SA, Alaamer A, Moussa SA, Omara E (2017) Role of zinc oxide nanoparticles in alleviating hepatic fibrosis and nephrotoxicity induced by thioacetamide in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 96:337\u2013344. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/cjpp-2017-0247","journal-title":"Can J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"4443_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1796","DOI":"10.1002\/tox.22181","volume":"31","author":"H Ben Saad","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ben Saad H, Driss D, Ben Amara I, Boudawara O, Boudawara T, Ellouz Chaabouni S, Mounir Zeghal K, Hakim A (2015) Altered hepatic mRNA expression of immune response-associated DNA damage in mice liver induced by potassium bromate: protective role of vanillin. Environ Toxicol 31:1796\u20131807. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/tox.22181","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol"},{"key":"4443_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(78)52032-6","volume":"52","author":"JA Beuge","year":"1978","unstructured":"Beuge JA, Aust SD (1978) Microsomal lipid peroxidation. Meth Enzymol 52:302\u2013310","journal-title":"Meth Enzymol"},{"key":"4443_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(85)13062-4","volume":"113","author":"I Carlberg","year":"1985","unstructured":"Carlberg I, Mannervik B (1985) Glutathione reductase. Meth Enzymol 113:484\u2013490","journal-title":"Meth Enzymol"},{"issue":"2","key":"4443_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(97)00174-1","volume":"126","author":"JK Chipman","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chipman JK, Davies JE, Parsons JL, Nair J, O'Neill G, Fawell JK (1998) DNA oxidation by potassium bromate; a direct mechanism or linked to lipid peroxidation? Toxicology 126(2):93\u2013102","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"4443_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-8977-8-27","volume":"8","author":"WS Cho","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cho WS, Duffin R, Howie SE, Scotton CJ, Wallace WA, Macnee W, Bradley M, Megson IL, Donaldson K (2011) Progressive severe lung injury by zinc oxide nanoparticles; the role of Zn2+ dissolution inside lysosomes. Part Fibre Toxicol 8:27. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1743-8977-8-27","journal-title":"Part Fibre Toxicol"},{"key":"4443_CR18","first-page":"827","volume":"2","author":"Z Chu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chu Z, Zhang S, Yin C, Lin G, Li Q (2014) Designing nanoparticle carriers for enhanced drug efficacy in photodynamic therapy. Cite this: Biomater Sci 2:827","journal-title":"Cite this: Biomater Sci"},{"issue":"36","key":"4443_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33928","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M210943200","volume":"278","author":"A Colell","year":"2003","unstructured":"Colell A, Garc\u00eda-Ruiz C, Lluis JM, Coll O, Mari M, Fern\u00e1ndez-Checa JC (2003) Cholesterol impairs the adenine nucleotide translocator-mediated mitochondrial permeability transition through altered membrane fluidity. J Biol Chem 278(36):33928\u201333935","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"4443_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.mi.41.100187.002251","volume":"41","author":"JW Costerton","year":"1987","unstructured":"Costerton JW, Cheng KJ, Geesey GG, Ladd TI, Nickel JC, Dasgupta M, Marrie TJ (1987) Bacterial biofilms in nature and disease. Annu Rev Microbiol 41:435\u2013464","journal-title":"Annu Rev Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"4443_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115101","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/20\/11\/115101","volume":"20","author":"X Deng","year":"2009","unstructured":"Deng X, Luan Q, Chen W, Wang Y, Wu M, Zhang H, Jiao Z (2009) Nanosized zinc oxide particles induce neural stem cell apoptosis. Nanotechnology 20(11):115101","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"4443_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dommels YE, Butts CA, Zhu S, Davy M, Martell S, Hedderley D, Barnett MP, McNabb WC, Roy NC (2007) Characterization of intestinal inflammation and identification of related gene expression changes in mdr1a(-\/-) mice. Genes Nutr 2(2):209\u2013223. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12263-007-0051-4","DOI":"10.1007\/s12263-007-0051-4"},{"key":"4443_CR23","unstructured":"Fielding M, Hutchison J (1993) Formation of bromate and other ozonation by product in water treatment. In: Proceedings of the IWSA International Workshop on Bromate and Water Treatment, Paris. London, International Water Supply Association, pp. 81\u201384"},{"key":"4443_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1021\/j100313a047","volume":"92","author":"M Haase","year":"1988","unstructured":"Haase M, Weller H, Henglein A (1988) Photochemistry and radiation chemistry of colloidal semiconductors. 23. Electron storage on zinc oxide particles and size quantization. J Phys Chem 92:482\u2013487","journal-title":"J Phys Chem"},{"issue":"5","key":"4443_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e36273","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036273","volume":"7","author":"I Hassan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hassan I, Chibber S, Khan AA, Naseem I (2012) Riboflavin ameliorates cisplatin induced toxicities under photoillumination. PLoS One 7(5):e36273. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0036273","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"4443_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19410-1","volume":"8","author":"I Hassan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hassan I, Khan AA, Aman S, Qamar W, Ebaid H, Al-Tamimi J, Alhazza IM, Rady AM (2018) Restrained management of copper level enhances the antineoplastic activity of imatinib in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 8(1):1682. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-19410-1","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"4443_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.3109\/17435390.2014.974709","volume":"9","author":"BM Johnson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Johnson BM, Fraietta JA, Gracias DT, Hope JL, Stairiker CJ, Patel PR, Mueller YM, McHugh MD, Jablonowski LJ, Wheatley MA, Katsikis PD (2015) Acute exposure to ZnO nanoparticles induces autophagic immune cell death. Nanotoxicology 9(6):737\u2013748. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/17435390.2014.974709","journal-title":"Nanotoxicology"},{"key":"4443_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1159\/000136485","volume":"11","author":"DJ Jollow","year":"1974","unstructured":"Jollow DJ, Mitchell JR, Zampaglione N, Gillette JR (1974) Bromobenzene induced liver necrosis: protective role of glutathione and evidence for 3,4bromobenzene oxide as hepatotoxic metabolite. Pharmacology 11:151\u2013169","journal-title":"Pharmacology"},{"issue":"8","key":"4443_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.4848","volume":"27","author":"M Kujawska","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kujawska M, Ignatowicz E, Ewertowska M, Adamska T, Markowski J, Jodynis-Liebert J (2013) Attenuation of KBrO3-induced renal and hepatic toxicity by cloudy apple juice in rat. Phytother Res 27(8):1214\u20131219. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ptr.4848","journal-title":"Phytother Res"},{"key":"4443_CR30","first-page":"309","volume":"87","author":"Y Kurokawa","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kurokawa Y, Maekawa A, Takahashi M, Hayashi Y (1990) Toxicity and carcinogenicity of potassium bromate\u2014a new renal carcinogen. Environ Health Perspect 87:309\u2013335","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"4443_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(94)33040-9","volume":"233","author":"RL Levine","year":"1994","unstructured":"Levine RL, Williams J, Stadman ER, Shacter E (1994) Carbonyl assay for determination of oxidatively modified proteins. Meth Enzymol 233:346\u2013357","journal-title":"Meth Enzymol"},{"key":"4443_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physe.2005.02.005","volume":"28","author":"W Lili","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lili W, Youshi W, Wei L (2005) Preparation of ZnO nanorods and characterizations. Phys E 28:76\u201382","journal-title":"Phys E"},{"issue":"5","key":"4443_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1723","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00311","volume":"13","author":"J Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu J, Ma X, Jin S, Xue X, Zhang C, Wei T, Guo W, Liang XJ (2016) Zinc oxide nanoparticles as adjuvant to facilitate doxorubicin intracellular accumulation and visualize pH-responsive release for overcoming drug resistance. Mol Pharm 13(5):1723\u20131730. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00311","journal-title":"Mol Pharm"},{"key":"4443_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03714.x","volume":"47","author":"S Marklund","year":"1974","unstructured":"Marklund S, Marklund G (1974) Involvement of superoxide anion radical in the auto oxidation of pyrogallol and a convenient assay for superoxide dismutase. Eur J Biochem 47:469\u2013474","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"issue":"11","key":"4443_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6767","DOI":"10.1021\/nn101192z","volume":"4","author":"KH M\u00fcller","year":"2010","unstructured":"M\u00fcller KH, Kulkarni J, Motskin M, Goode A, Winship P, Skepper JN, Ryan MP, Porter AE (2010) pH-dependent toxicity of high aspect ratio ZnO nanowires in macrophages due to intracellular dissolution. ACS Nano 4(11):6767\u20136779. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/nn101192z","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"10","key":"4443_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRev.56.978","volume":"56","author":"AL Patterson","year":"1939","unstructured":"Patterson AL (1939) The Scherrer formula for X-ray particle size determination. Phys Rev A: At Mol Opt Phys 56(10):978\u2013982","journal-title":"Phys Rev A: At Mol Opt Phys"},{"issue":"9","key":"4443_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.2010.502560","volume":"7","author":"JW Rasmussen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rasmussen JW, Martinez E, Louka P, Wingett DG (2010) Zinc oxide nanoparticles for selective destruction of tumor cells and potential for drug delivery applications. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 7(9):1063\u20131077. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/17425247.2010.502560","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"6","key":"4443_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.05.008","volume":"117","author":"JE Ricci","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ricci JE, Mu\u00f1oz-Pinedo C, Fitzgerald P, Bailly-Maitre B, Perkins GA, Yadava N, Scheffler IE, Ellisman MH, Green DR (2004) Disruption of mitochondrial function during apoptosis is mediated by caspase cleavage of the p75 subunit of complex I of the electron transport chain. Cell 117(6):773\u2013786","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"1","key":"4443_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2014.02.024","volume":"227","author":"R Roy","year":"2014","unstructured":"Roy R, Singh SK, Chauhan LK, Das M, Tripathi A, Dwivedi PD (2014) Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce apoptosis by enhancement of autophagy via PI3K\/Akt\/mTOR inhibition. Toxicol Lett 227(1):29\u201340. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxlet.2014.02.024","journal-title":"Toxicol Lett"},{"key":"4443_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1076\/phbi.37.3.188.6298","volume":"37","author":"P Sathiyamoorthy","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sathiyamoorthy P, Lugasi-Evgi H, Schlesinger I, Kedar J, Pollack Gopas Y, Golan-Goldhirsh A (1999) Screening for cytotoxic and antimalarial activities in desert plants of the Negev and Bedouin market plant products. Pharm Biol 37:188\u2013195","journal-title":"Pharm Biol"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"4443_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2011.12.009","volume":"745","author":"V Sharma","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sharma V, Singh P, Pandey AK, Dhawan A (2012) Induction of oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in mouse liver after sub-acute oral exposure to zinc oxide nanoparticles. Mutat Res 745(1\u20132):84\u201391. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2011.12.009","journal-title":"Mutat Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"4443_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1166\/nnl.2017.2359","volume":"9","author":"MA Siddiqui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Siddiqui MA, Wahab R, Ahmad J, Farshori NN, Saquib Q, Khan ST, Al-Salem AM, Musarrat J, Al-Khedhairy AA (2017) Zinc oxide nanoparticles: mechanism(s) of cell death induced in human epidermoid larynx cell line (HEp-2). Nanosci. Nanotechnol. Lett. 9(4):573\u2013582","journal-title":"Nanosci. Nanotechnol. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"4443_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(88)90265-0","volume":"175","author":"NP Singh","year":"1988","unstructured":"Singh NP, McCoy MT, Tice RR, Schneider EL (1988) A simple technique for quantitation of low levels of DNA damage in individual cells. Exp Cell Res 175(1):184\u2013191","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res"},{"key":"4443_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4275","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S109031","volume":"11","author":"HQ Tang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tang HQ, Xu M, Rong Q, Jin RW, Liu QJ, Li YL (2016) The effect of ZnO nanoparticles on liver function in rats. Int J Nanomedicine 11:4275\u20134285. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJN.S109031","journal-title":"Int J Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"4443_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2012.749922","volume":"51","author":"RJ Thoppil","year":"2013","unstructured":"Thoppil RJ, Harlev E, Mandal A, Nevo E, Bishayee A (2013) Antitumor activities of extracts from selected desert plants against HepG2 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Pharm Biol 51(5):668\u2013674. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/13880209.2012.749922","journal-title":"Pharm Biol"},{"key":"4443_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2313(99)00599-2","volume":"90","author":"A Dijken Van","year":"2000","unstructured":"Van Dijken A, Meulenkamp EA, Vanmaekelbergh D, Meijerink A (2000) Identification for the transition responsible for the visible emission of ZnO using quantum side effects. J Lumin 90:123\u2013128","journal-title":"J Lumin"},{"issue":"6","key":"4443_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e65704","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065704","volume":"8","author":"V Wilhelmi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wilhelmi V, Fischer U, Weighardt H, Schulze-Osthoff K, Nickel C, Stahlmecke B, Kuhlbusch TA, Scherbart AM, Esser C, Schins RP, Albrecht C (2013) Zinc oxide nanoparticles induce necrosis and apoptosis in macrophages in a p47phox- and Nrf2-independent manner. PLoS One 8(6):e65704. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0065704","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"4443_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang XF, Liu ZG, Shen W, Gurunathan S (2016) Silver nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, properties, applications, and therapeutic approaches. Int J Mol Sci;17(9). doi: \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms17091534","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17091534"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-019-04443-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-019-04443-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-019-04443-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,8]],"date-time":"2020-02-08T19:09:46Z","timestamp":1581188986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-019-04443-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,9]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["4443"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-019-04443-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-1344","1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-1344","type":"print"},{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 September 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 February 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"All the experiments and treatment protocols involving animals were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh (KSA), under reference number 3\/2\/177492 (dated 24\/05\/2015). All the procedures of animal care and treatment were in accord with the guidelines of the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (CPCSEA, India) and the National Institutes of Health, USA (the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical statement"}}]}}