{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:09:45Z","timestamp":1792804185441,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,21]],"date-time":"2019-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576886400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,21]],"date-time":"2019-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["Guikui Chen"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Guikui Chen"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-019-07353-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,21]],"date-time":"2019-12-21T08:03:22Z","timestamp":1576915402000},"page":"6312-6325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["The compound effects of biochar and iron on watercress in a Cd\/Pb\u2013contaminated soil"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Bozhong","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongqin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yahui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongzhi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huashou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guikui","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"7353_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.10.071","volume":"99","author":"M Ahmad","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ahmad M, Rajapaksha AU, Lim JE, Zhang M, Bolan N, Mohan D, Vithanage M, Lee SS, Ok YS (2014) Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: a review. Chemosphere 99:19\u201333","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"7353_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2018.10.341","volume":"210","author":"L Albanese","year":"2018","unstructured":"Albanese L, Baronti S, Liguori F, Meneguzzo F, Barbaro P, Vaccari FP (2018) Hydrodynamic cavitation as an energy efficient process to increase biochar surface area and porosity: a case study. J Clean Prod 210:159\u2013169","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"7353_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.catena.2018.12.019","volume":"175","author":"G Baiamonte","year":"2019","unstructured":"Baiamonte G, Crescimanno G, Parrino F, De Pasquale C (2019) Effect of biochar on the physical and structural properties of a sandy soil. Catena 175:294\u2013303","journal-title":"Catena"},{"key":"7353_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2018.03.021","volume":"137","author":"S Bakshi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bakshi S, Banik C, Rathke SJ, Laird DA (2018) Arsenic sorption on zero-valent iron-biochar complexes. Water Res 137:153\u2013163","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"7353_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2013.12.018","volume":"266","author":"N Bolan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bolan N, Kunhikrishnan A, Thangarajan R, Kumpiene J, Park J, Makino T, Kirkham MB, Scheckel K (2014) Remediation of heavy metal(loid)s contaminated soils-to mobilize or to immobilize? J Hazard Mater 266:141\u2013166","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"issue":"1","key":"7353_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1890\/090227","volume":"9","author":"AJ Burgin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Burgin AJ, Yang WH, Hamilton SK, Silver WL (2011) Beyond carbon and nitrogen: how the microbial energy economy couples elemental cycles in diverse ecosystems. Front Ecol Environ 9(1):44\u201352","journal-title":"Front Ecol Environ"},{"key":"7353_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/s42773-019-00008-3","volume":"1","author":"W Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen W, Meng J, Han X, Lan Y, Zhang W (2019) Past, present, and future of biochar. Biochar 1:75\u201387","journal-title":"Biochar"},{"key":"7353_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s00374-018-1267-8","volume":"54","author":"J Cheng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cheng J, Li Y, Gao W, Chen Y, Pan W, Lee X, Tang Y (2018) Effects of biochar on Cd and Pb mobility and microbial community composition in a calcareous soil planted with tobacco. Biol Fertil Soils 54:373\u2013383","journal-title":"Biol Fertil Soils"},{"key":"7353_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2018.05.092","volume":"207","author":"H Du","year":"2018","unstructured":"Du H, Peacock CL, Chen W, Huang Q (2018) Binding of Cd by ferrihydrite organo-mineral composites: implications for Cd mobility and fate in natural and contaminated environments. Chemosphere 207:404\u2013412","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"7353_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.01.054","volume":"626","author":"CE Egene","year":"2018","unstructured":"Egene CE, Van Poucke R, Ok YS, Meers E, Tack FMG (2018) Impact of organic amendments (biochar, compost and peat) on Cd and Zn mobility and solubility in contaminated soil of the Campine region after three years. Sci Total Environ 626:195\u2013202","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"7353_CR11","first-page":"181","volume":"4","author":"HI EL-Aila","year":"2015","unstructured":"EL-Aila HI, EL-Sayed SAA, Yassen AA (2015) Response of spinach plants to nanoparticles fertilizer and foliar application of iron. Int J Environ 4:181\u2013185","journal-title":"Int J Environ"},{"key":"7353_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12775","DOI":"10.1021\/es401997d","volume":"47","author":"B Fulda","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fulda B, Voegelin A, Kretzschmar R (2013) Redox-controlled changes in cadmium solubility and solid-phase speciation in a paddy soil as affected by reducible sulfate and copper. Environ Sci Technol 47:12775\u201312783","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"7353_CR13","volume-title":"Soil enzymes and their research methodology","author":"S Guan","year":"1986","unstructured":"Guan S (1986) Soil enzymes and their research methodology. Agriculture Press, Beijing (in Chinese)"},{"key":"7353_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2016.01.033","volume":"269","author":"V Hansen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hansen V, M\u00fcller-St\u00f6ver D, Munkholm LJ, Peltre C, Hauggaard-Nielsen H, Jensen LS (2016) The effect of straw and wood gasification biochar on carbon sequestration, selected soil fertility indicators and functional groups in soil: an incubation study. Geoderma 269:99\u2013107","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"7353_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2010.01.009","volume":"78","author":"MK Hossain","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hossain MK, Strezov V, Yin Chan K, Nelson PF (2010) Agronomic properties of wastewater sludge biochar and bioavailability of metals in production of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Chemosphere 78:1167\u20131171","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"7353_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2013.01.001","volume":"91","author":"Junli Hu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hu J, Wu F, Wu S, Sun X, Lin X, Wong M H (2013) Phytoavailability and phytovariety codetermine the bioaccumulation risk of heavy metal from soils, focusing on Cd-contaminated vegetable farms around the Pearl River Delta, China. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 91:18\u201324","journal-title":"Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety"},{"key":"7353_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.01.130","volume":"174","author":"D Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang D, Liu L, Zeng G, Xu P, Huang C, Deng L, Wang R, Wan J (2017) The effects of rice straw biochar on indigenous microbial community and enzymes activity in heavy metal-contaminated sediment. Chemosphere 174:545\u2013553","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"7353_CR18","first-page":"1477","volume":"9","author":"A Javadimoghadam","year":"2015","unstructured":"Javadimoghadam A, Moghadam AL, Danaee E (2015) Response of growth and yield of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) to different foliar applications of nano-iron and zinc. Int Res J Appl Basic Sci 9:1477\u20131478","journal-title":"Int Res J Appl Basic Sci"},{"key":"7353_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.11.013","volume":"618","author":"A Kumar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kumar A, Tsechansky L, Lew B, Raveh E, Frenkel O, Graber ER (2018) Biochar alleviates phytotoxicity in Ficus elastica grown in Zn-contaminated soil. Sci Total Environ 618:188\u2013198","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"7353_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2006.01.010","volume":"144","author":"J Kumpiene","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kumpiene J, Ore S, Renella G, Mench M, Lagerkvist A, Maurice C (2006) Assessment of zerovalent iron for stabilization of chromium, copper, and arsenic in soil. Environ Pollut 144:62\u201369","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"7353_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2006.12.012","volume":"28","author":"J Kumpiene","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kumpiene J, Lagerkvist A, Maurice C (2008) Stabilization of As, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn in soil using amendments \u2013 a review. Waste Manag 28:215\u2013225","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"7353_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1071\/SR09112","volume":"48","author":"Y Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li Y, Ge Y, Zhang C, Zhou Q (2010) Mechanisms for high Cd activity in a red soil from southern China undergoing gradual reduction. Aust J Soil Res 48:371\u2013384","journal-title":"Aust J Soil Res"},{"key":"7353_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2015.10.048","volume":"304","author":"H Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li H, Ye X, Geng Z, Zhou H, Guo X, Zhang Y, Zhao H, Wang G (2016) The influence of biochar type on long-term stabilization for Cd and Cu in contaminated paddy soils. J Hazard Mater 304:40\u201348","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"7353_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2552","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-018-1950-2","volume":"18","author":"D Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li D, Li W, Lu Q, Li Y, Li N, Xu H, Ren Z, Zhang Y, Wang J (2018) Cadmium bioavailability well assessed by DGT and factors influencing cadmium accumulation in rice grains from paddy soils of three parent materials. J Soils Sediments 18:2552\u20132561","journal-title":"J Soils Sediments"},{"key":"7353_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e6631","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.6631","volume":"7","author":"K Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li K, Yang B, Wang H, Xu X, Gao Y, Zhu Y (2019a) Dual effects of biochar and hyperaccumulator Solanum nigrum L. on the remediation of Cd-contaminated soil. PeerJ 7:e6631","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"7353_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.381","volume":"659","author":"Z Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li Z, Song Z, Singh BP, Wang H (2019b) The impact of crop residue biochars on silicon and nutrient cycles in croplands. Sci Total Environ 659:673\u2013680","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"7353_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120832","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2019.120832","volume":"379","author":"Jiajiang Lin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lin J, He F, Su B, Sun M, Owens G, Chen Z (2019) The stabilizing mechanism of cadmium in contaminated soil using green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles under long-term incubation. Journal of Hazardous Materials 379:120832","journal-title":"Journal of Hazardous Materials"},{"key":"7353_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2013.06.064","volume":"463-464","author":"X Liu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Liu X, Song Q, Tang Y, Li W, Xu J, Wu J, Wang F, Brookes PC (2013) Human health risk assessment of heavy metals in soil-vegetable system: a multi-medium analysis. Sci Total Environ 463-464:530\u2013540","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"7353_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2016.10.002","volume":"444","author":"C Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu C, Zhu Z, Li F, Liu T, Liao C, Lee J, Shih K, Tao L, Wu Y (2016) Fe(II)-induced phase transformation of ferrihydrite: the inhibition effects and stabilization of divalent metal cations. Chem Geol 444:110\u2013119","journal-title":"Chem Geol"},{"key":"7353_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2014.06.024","volume":"119","author":"H Lu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lu H, Li Z, Fu S, M\u00e9ndez A, Gasc\u00f3 G, Paz-Ferreiro J (2015a) Combining phytoextraction and biochar addition improves soil biochemical properties in a soil contaminated with Cd. Chemosphere 119:209\u2013216","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"7353_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2014.12.010","volume":"77","author":"Y Lu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lu Y, Song S, Wang R, Liu Z, Meng J, Sweetman AJ, Jenkins A, Ferrier RC, Li H, Luo W, Wang T (2015b) Impacts of soil and water pollution on food safety and health risks in China. Environ Int 77:5\u201315","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"7353_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2016.05.068","volume":"186","author":"K Lu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lu K, Yang X, Gielen G, Bolan N, Ok YS, Niazi NK, Xu S, Yuan G, Chen X, Zhang X, Liu D, Song Z, Liu X, Wang H (2017) Effect of bamboo and rice straw biochars on the mobility and redistribution of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn) in contaminated soil. J Environ Manag 186:285\u2013292","journal-title":"J Environ Manag"},{"key":"7353_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2569","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gca.2007.03.002","volume":"71","author":"R Mikutta","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mikutta R, Mikutta C, Kalbitz K, Scheel T, Kaiser K, Jahn R (2007) Biodegradation of forest floor organic matter bound to minerals via different binding mechanisms. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 71:2569\u20132590","journal-title":"Geochim Cosmochim Acta"},{"key":"7353_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2005.10.041","volume":"64","author":"G Mustafa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Mustafa G, Kookana RS, Singh B (2006) Desorption of cadmium from goethite: effects of pH, temperature and aging. Chemosphere 64:856\u2013865","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"7353_CR35","volume-title":"China statistical yearbook","author":"National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China","year":"2016","unstructured":"National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China (2016) China statistical yearbook. China Statistics Press, Beijing"},{"issue":"1","key":"7353_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00374-010-0506-4","volume":"47","author":"R Nieder","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nieder R, Benbi DK, Scherer HW (2011) Fixation and defixation of ammonium in soils: a review. Biol Fertil Soils 47(1):1\u201314","journal-title":"Biol Fertil Soils"},{"key":"7353_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.still.2015.08.002","volume":"155","author":"Alfred Obia","year":"2016","unstructured":"Obia A, Mulder J, Martinsen V, Cornelissen G, B\u00f8rresenT (2016). In situ effects of biochar on aggregation, water retention and porosity in light-textured tropical soils. Soil Tillage Res 155: 35\u201344","journal-title":"Soil and Tillage Research"},{"key":"7353_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.11.132","volume":"619-620","author":"D O'Connor","year":"2018","unstructured":"O'Connor D, Peng T, Zhang J, Tsang DCW, Alessi DS, Shen Z, Bolan NS, Hou D (2018) Biochar application for the remediation of heavy metal polluted land: a review of in situ field trials. Sci Total Environ 619-620:815\u2013826","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"7353_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoderma.2013.10.010","volume":"214-215","author":"P Oleszczuk","year":"2014","unstructured":"Oleszczuk P, Jo\u015bko I, Futa B, Pasieczna-Patkowska S, Pa\u0142ys E, Kraska P (2014) Effect of pesticides on microorganisms, enzymatic activity and plant in biochar-amended soil. Geoderma 214-215:10\u201318","journal-title":"Geoderma"},{"key":"7353_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s11368-013-0806-z","volume":"14","author":"J Paz-Ferreiro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Paz-Ferreiro J, Fu S, M\u00e9ndez A, Gasc\u00f3 G (2014) Interactive effects of biochar and the earthworm Pontoscolex corethrurus on plant productivity and soil enzyme activities. J Soils Sediments 14:483\u2013494","journal-title":"J Soils Sediments"},{"key":"7353_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1081\/PLN-100103656","volume":"24","author":"M Pestana","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pestana M, Correia PJ, Varennes AD, Javier A, Ara\u00fajo FE (2001) Effectiveness of different foliar iron applications to control iron chlorosis in orange trees grown on a calcareous soil. J Plant Nutr 24:613\u2013622","journal-title":"J Plant Nutr"},{"key":"7353_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.12.081","volume":"195","author":"J Qiao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qiao J, Liu T, Wang X, Li F, Lv Y, Cui J, Zeng X, Yuan Y, Liu C (2018) Simultaneous alleviation of cadmium and arsenic accumulation in rice by applying zero-valent iron and biochar to contaminated paddy soils. Chemosphere 195:260\u2013271","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"7353_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/s42773-019-00015-4","volume":"1","author":"J Qiao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qiao J, Yu H, Wang X, Li F, Wang Q, Yuan Y, Liu C (2019) The applicability of biochar and zero-valent iron for the mitigation of arsenic and cadmium contamination in an alkaline paddy soil. Biochar 1:203\u2013212","journal-title":"Biochar"},{"key":"7353_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1039\/a807854h","volume":"1","author":"G Rauret","year":"1999","unstructured":"Rauret G, Lopez-Sanchez JF, Sahuquillo A, Rubio R, Davidson C, Ure A, Quevauviller P (1999) Improvement of the BCR three step sequential extraction procedure prior to the certification of new sediment and soil reference materials. J Environ Monit 1:57\u201361","journal-title":"J Environ Monit"},{"key":"7353_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2016.11.152","volume":"168","author":"ZU Rehman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rehman ZU, Khan S, Brusseau ML, Shah MT (2017) Lead and cadmium contamination and exposure risk assessment via consumption of vegetables grown in agricultural soils of five-selected regions of Pakistan. Chemosphere 168:1589\u20131596","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"7353_CR46","first-page":"9","volume":"3","author":"M Rezaeeia","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rezaeeia M, Daneshvarb M, Shirani AH (2014) Effect of iron nano chelated fertilizers foliar application on three wheat cultivars in Khorramabad climatic conditions. Sci J Crop Sci 3:9\u201316","journal-title":"Sci J Crop Sci"},{"key":"7353_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-4590-8","volume":"23","author":"P Suksabye","year":"2016","unstructured":"Suksabye P, Pimthong A, Dhurakit P, Mekvichitsaeng P, Thiravetyan P (2016) Effect of biochars and microorganisms on cadmium accumulation in rice grains grown in Cd-contaminated soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:962\u2013973","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"7353_CR48","unstructured":"The Ministry of Environmental Protection (2014) The Ministry of Land and Resources Report on the national soil contamination survey"},{"issue":"5","key":"7353_CR49","first-page":"18","volume":"39","author":"YH Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang YH, Qin YH, Mang YR, Shang YJ, Li HS, Chen GK (2018) Influence of biochar combining with micro-fertilizer on available heavy metal content in vegetable garden soil. J S China Agric Univ 39(5):18\u201324 (in Chinese)","journal-title":"J S China Agric Univ"},{"key":"7353_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.08.387","volume":"649","author":"XQ Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang XQ, Yu HY, Li FB, Liu TX, Wu WJ, Liu CP, Liu CS, Zhang XQ (2019a) Enhanced immobilization of arsenic and cadmium in a paddy soil by combined applications of woody peat and Fe(NO3)3: possible mechanisms and environmental implications. Sci Total Environ 649:535\u2013543","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"7353_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang L, Zhang W, Wang J, Zhu L, Wang J, Yan S, Ahmad Z (2019b) Toxicity of enrofloxacin and cadmium alone and in combination to enzymatic activities and microbial community structure in soil. Environ Geochem Health","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-019-00307-5"},{"key":"7353_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-0495-z","volume":"25","author":"C Xu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xu C, Chen H, Xiang Q, Zhu H, Wang S, ZhuQ HD, Zhang Y (2018) Effect of peanut shell and wheat straw biochar on the availability of Cd and Pb in a soil-rice (Oryza sativa L.) system. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25:1147\u20131156","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"7353_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-4233-0","volume":"23","author":"X Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang X, Liu J, McGrouther K, Huang H, Lu K, Guo X, He L, Lin X, Che L, Ye Z, Wang H (2016) Effect of biochar on the extractability of heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) and enzyme activity in soil. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:974\u2013984","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"7353_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1002\/jpln.201400325","volume":"178","author":"U Younis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Younis U, Qayyum MF, Shah MHR, Danish S, Shahzad AN, Malik SA, Mahmood S (2015) Growth, survival, and heavy metal (Cd and Ni) uptake of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and fenugreek (Trigonella corniculata) in a biochar-amended sewage-irrigated contaminated soil. J Plant Nutr Soil Sci 178:209\u2013217","journal-title":"J Plant Nutr Soil Sci"},{"key":"7353_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21385","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-7344-3","volume":"23","author":"U Younis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Younis U, Malik SA, Rizwan M, Qayyum MF, Ok YS, Shah MHR, Rehman RA, Ahmad N (2016) Biochar enhances the cadmium tolerance in spinach (Spinacia oleracea) through modification of Cd uptake and physiological and biochemical attributes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:21385\u201321394","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-019-07353-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-019-07353-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-019-07353-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,20]],"date-time":"2020-12-20T00:29:44Z","timestamp":1608424184000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-019-07353-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,21]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]}},"alternative-id":["7353"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-019-07353-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-1344","1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-1344","type":"print"},{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 June 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 December 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 December 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}