{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T05:49:21Z","timestamp":1793944161850,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001803","name":"Charles Darwin University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13127241"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13127241"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001803","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001803","name":"Charles Darwin University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26181420"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26181420"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001803","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-09194-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T12:06:45Z","timestamp":1589803605000},"page":"29075-29090","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":126,"title":["Life cycle assessment of most widely adopted solar photovoltaic energy technologies by mid-point and end-point indicators of ReCiPe method"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5791-8144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Rashedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taslima","family":"Khanam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"9194_CR1","unstructured":"Aulich HA (2006) PV industrial production. In proceedings from: 3rd PV industry forum at the 21st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Dresden"},{"key":"9194_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b05455","volume":"51","author":"A Bilich","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bilich A, Langham K, Geyer R, Hansen J, Krishnan A, Bergesen J (2017) Life cycle assessment of solar photovoltaic microgrid systems in off-grid communities. Environ Sci Technol 51:1043\u20131052","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"9194_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brunner P, Rechberger H (2016) Practical handbook of material flow analysis. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, Florida","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315313450"},{"key":"9194_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Wild-Scholten MJ, Alsema EA (2005) Environmental life cycle inventory of crystalline silicon photovoltaic module production. Proceedings of the Materials Research Society, Boston","DOI":"10.1557\/PROC-0895-G03-04"},{"key":"9194_CR5","unstructured":"De Wild-Scholten MJ, Alsema EA, Ter Horst EW, B\u00e4chler M, Fthenakis V (2006) A cost and environmental impact comparison of grid connected rooftop and ground based PV systems. In: Proceedings of the 21st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Dresden"},{"key":"9194_CR6","unstructured":"Ecoinvent (2018) Ecoinvent version 3.5. As available in https:\/\/www.ecoinvent.org\/database (accessed 2019)"},{"key":"9194_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2003.12.001","volume":"8","author":"V Fthenakis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fthenakis V (2004) Life cycle impact analysis of cadmium in CdTe PV production. Renew Sust Energ Rev 8:303\u2013334","journal-title":"Renew Sust Energ Rev"},{"key":"9194_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2014.07.043","volume":"38","author":"S Gerbinet","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gerbinet S, Belboom S, Leonard A (2014) Life cycle analysis (LCA) of photovoltaic panels: a review. Renew Sust Energ Rev 38:747\u2013753","journal-title":"Renew Sust Energ Rev"},{"key":"9194_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2017.03.078","volume":"76","author":"T Gibon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gibon T, Arvesen A, Hertwich EG (2017) Life cycle assessment demonstrates environmental co-benefits and trade-offs of low-carbon electricity supply options. Renew Sust Energ Rev 76:1283\u20131290","journal-title":"Renew Sust Energ Rev"},{"key":"9194_CR10","unstructured":"Goedkoop M, Heijungs R, Huijbregts M, Schryver AD, Struijs J, Van Zelm R (2013) ReCiPe 2008 Report I: characterisation (v 1.08), Amsterdam"},{"key":"9194_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1007\/s11367-012-0489-5","volume":"18","author":"MZ Hauschild","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hauschild MZ, Goedkoop M, Guin\u00e9e J, Heijungs R, Huijbregts M, Jolliet O, Margni M, De Schryver A, Humbert S, Laurent A, Sala S, Pant R (2013) Identifying best existing practice for characterization modeling in life cycle impact assessment. Int J Life Cycle Assess 18:683\u2013697","journal-title":"Int J Life Cycle Assess"},{"key":"9194_CR12","unstructured":"Hesse K, Schindlbeck E (2004) Silicon for the PV industry. Wacker Chemie AG, Munich"},{"key":"9194_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2016.12.038","volume":"143","author":"B Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang B, Zhao J, Chai J, Xue B, Zhao F, Wang X (2017) Environmental influence assessment of China\u2019s multi-crystalline silicon (multi-Si) photovoltaic modules considering recycling process. Sol Energy 143:132\u2013141","journal-title":"Sol Energy"},{"key":"9194_CR14","unstructured":"IEA (2018) Snapshot of global photovoltaic markets, Report International Energy Agency PVPS T1-33, Paris"},{"key":"9194_CR15","unstructured":"ISO (2006a) International Standard Organization. Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - principles and framework. Reference number ISO 14040:2006(E)"},{"key":"9194_CR16","unstructured":"ISO (2006b) International Standard Organization. Environmental management - life cycle assessment - requirements and guidelines. Reference number ISO 14044:2006(E), Geneva"},{"key":"9194_CR17","unstructured":"Jungbluth N, Stucki M, Flury K, Frischknecht R, Busser S (2012) Life cycle inventories of photovoltaics. ESU-Services Ltd. Version 174-LCI-Photovoltaics-2012 (v 1.1), Zurich"},{"key":"9194_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2015.04.125","volume":"154","author":"V Kabakian","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kabakian V, McManus MC, Harajli H (2015) Attributional life cycle assessment of mounted 1.8 kWp monocrystalline photovoltaic system with batteries and comparison with fossil energy production system. Appl Energy 154:428\u2013437","journal-title":"Appl Energy"},{"key":"9194_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2014.02.008","volume":"103","author":"H Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim H, Kyounghoon C, Fthenakis V, Sinha P, Tak H (2014) Life cycle assessment of cadmium telluride photovoltaic (CdTe PV) systems. Sol Energy 103:78\u201388","journal-title":"Sol Energy"},{"key":"9194_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2015.06.031","volume":"93","author":"C Lamnatou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lamnatou C, Chemisana D (2015) Evaluation of photovoltaic-green and other roofing systems by means of ReCiPe and multiple life cycle based environmental indicators. Build Environ 93:376\u2013384","journal-title":"Build Environ"},{"key":"9194_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s11367-016-1152-3","volume":"22","author":"J Lieberei","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lieberei J, Gheewala SH (2016) Resource depletion assessment of renewable electricity generation technologies - comparison of life cycle impact assessment methods with focus on metal resources. Int J Life Cycle Assess 22:185\u2013198","journal-title":"Int J Life Cycle Assess"},{"issue":"4","key":"9194_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1002\/pip.2157","volume":"21","author":"NJ Mohr","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mohr NJ, Meijer A, Huijbregts MAJ, Reijnders L (2013) Environmental life cycle assessment of roof-integrated flexible amorphous silicon\/nanocrystalline silicon solar cell laminate. Prog Photovolt 21(4):802\u2013815","journal-title":"Prog Photovolt"},{"key":"9194_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2019.05.059","volume":"187","author":"NI Mustafa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mustafa NI, Ludin NA, Mohamed NM, Ibrahim MA, Teridi MA, Sepeai S (2019) Environmental performance of window-integrated systems using dye-sensitised solar module technology in Malaysia. Sol Energy 187:379\u2013392","journal-title":"Sol Energy"},{"key":"9194_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s10098-017-1466-2","volume":"20","author":"M Ozoemena","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ozoemena M, Cheung WM, Hasan R (2018) Comparative LCA of technology improvement opportunities for a 1.5-MW wind turbine in the context of an onshore wind farm. Clean Techn Environ Policy 20:173\u2013190","journal-title":"Clean Techn Environ Policy"},{"key":"9194_CR25","unstructured":"Photovoltaics Report (2019) Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems. Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems, Stuttgart"},{"key":"9194_CR26","unstructured":"PR\u00e9 (2019) Quantifying sustainability. As available in https:\/\/www.pre-sustainability.com\/. (accessed in 2019)"},{"key":"9194_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2011.12.048","volume":"37","author":"A Rashedi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rashedi A, Sridhar I, Tseng KJ (2012) Multi-objective material selection for wind turbine blade and tower: Ashby\u2019s approach. Mater Des 37:521\u2013532","journal-title":"Mater Des"},{"key":"9194_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2012.12.045","volume":"21","author":"A Rashedi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rashedi A, Sridhar I, Tseng KJ (2013) Life cycle assessment of 50 MW wind firms and strategies for impact reduction. Renew Sust Energ Rev 21:89\u2013101","journal-title":"Renew Sust Energ Rev"},{"key":"9194_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tws.2015.01.006","volume":"90","author":"A Rashedi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rashedi A, Sridhar I, Tseng KJ, Srikanth N (2015) Minimum mass design of thin tubular structures under eccentric compressive loading. Thin-Walled Struct 90:191\u2013201","journal-title":"Thin-Walled Struct"},{"key":"9194_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2017.07.021","volume":"227","author":"L Tianqi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tianqi L, Roskilly AP, Wang Y (2018) Life cycle sustainability assessment of grid-connected photovoltaic power generation: a case study of Northeast England. Appl Energy 227:465\u2013479","journal-title":"Appl Energy"},{"key":"9194_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solmat.2016.04.024","volume":"156","author":"MP Tsang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tsang MP, Sonnemann GW, Bassani DM (2016) Life-cycle assessment of cradle-to-grave opportunities and environmental impacts of organic photovoltaic solar panels compared to conventional technologies. Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells 156:37\u201348","journal-title":"Sol Energy Mater Sol Cells"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-020-09194-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-020-09194-1\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-020-09194-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T23:45:13Z","timestamp":1621295113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-020-09194-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]}},"alternative-id":["9194"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-020-09194-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-1344","1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-1344","type":"print"},{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 October 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 May 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 May 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with ethical standards"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}