{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T01:28:58Z","timestamp":1790126938250,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-17730-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T12:03:29Z","timestamp":1638446609000},"page":"26371-26384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Biomonitoring of urinary metals in athletes according to particulate matter air pollution before and after exercise"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7443-1899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabina","family":"Cauci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Tavano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Curcio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Pia","family":"Francescato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"17730_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1038\/jhh.2009.39","volume":"24","author":"HI Afridi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Afridi HI, Kazi TG et al (2010) Evaluation of cadmium, lead, nickel and zinc status in biological samples of smokers and nonsmokers hypertensive patients. J Human Hypertension 24:34\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jhh.2009.39","journal-title":"J Human Hypertension"},{"key":"17730_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1007\/s10653-018-0203-z","volume":"41","author":"MU Ali","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ali MU, Liu G, Yousaf B, Ullah H, Abbas Q, Munir MAM (2019) A systematic review on global pollution status of particulate matter-associated potential toxic elements and health perspectives in urban environment. Environ Geochem Health 41:1131\u20131162. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10653-018-0203-z","journal-title":"Environ Geochem Health"},{"key":"17730_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2019.108545","volume":"176","author":"R An","year":"2019","unstructured":"An R, Shen J, Ying B, Tainio M, Andersen ZJ, de Nazelle A (2019) Impact of ambient air pollution on physical activity and sedentary behavior in China: a systematic review. Environ Res 176:108545. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2019.108545","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"17730_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2018.02.007","volume":"159","author":"R An","year":"2018","unstructured":"An R, Yu H (2018) Impact of ambient fine particulate matter air pollution on health behaviors: a longitudinal study of university students in Beijing, China. Public Health 159:107\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2018.02.007","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"17730_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1039\/an9952000867","volume":"120","author":"RA Anderson","year":"1995","unstructured":"Anderson RA, Bryden NA, Polansky MM, Deuster PA (1995) Acute exercise effects on urinary losses and serum concentrations of copper and zinc of moderately trained and untrained men consuming a controlled diet. Analyst 120:867\u2013870. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/an9952000867","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"17730_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/bf02989240","volume":"6","author":"RA Anderson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Anderson RA, Polansky MM, Bryden NA (1984) Acute effects on chromium, copper, zinc, and selected clinical variables in urine and serum of male runners. Biol Trace Element Res 6:327\u2013336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/bf02989240","journal-title":"Biol Trace Element Res"},{"key":"17730_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1002\/clen.201100195","volume":"40","author":"F Aydin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Aydin F, Saydut A, Gunduz B, Aydin I, Hamamci C (2012) Chemical speciation of vanadium in coal bottom ash. CLEAN \u2013 Soil. Air, Water 40:444\u2013448. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/clen.201100195","journal-title":"Air, Water"},{"key":"17730_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e34","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201409-1722ST","volume":"190","author":"JR Balmes","year":"2014","unstructured":"Balmes JR, Abraham JL et al (2014) An official American Thoracic Society statement: diagnosis and management of beryllium sensitivity and chronic beryllium disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 190:e34\u2013e59. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201409-1722ST","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"17730_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1081\/clt-100102425","volume":"37","author":"DG Barceloux","year":"1999","unstructured":"Barceloux DG (1999) Vanadium. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 37:265\u2013278. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1081\/clt-100102425","journal-title":"J Toxicol Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"17730_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scispo.2015.12.004","volume":"31","author":"I Bartolom\u00e9","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bartolom\u00e9 I, C\u00f3rdoba L, Crespo C, Grijota F, Maynar M, Mu\u00f1oz D (2016) Effects of a paddle match on the urinary excretion of trace minerals in high-level players. Sci Sports 31:e131\u2013e137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scispo.2015.12.004","journal-title":"Sci Sports"},{"key":"17730_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97002","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp6803","volume":"128","author":"JA Bauer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bauer JA, Devick KL et al (2020) Associations of a metal mixture measured in multiple biomarkers with IQ: evidence from Italian adolescents living near Ferroalloy Industry. Environ Health Perspect 128:97002. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp6803","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"17730_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2016.07.018","volume":"66","author":"P Bergamo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bergamo P, Volpe MG et al (2016) Human semen as an early, sensitive biomarker of highly polluted living environment in healthy men: a pilot biomonitoring study on trace elements in blood and semen and their relationship with sperm quality and RedOx status. Reprod Toxicol 66:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.reprotox.2016.07.018","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"17730_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-0495(00)80077-3","volume":"49","author":"DJ Betteridge","year":"2000","unstructured":"Betteridge DJ (2000) What is oxidative stress? Metab - Clin Exp 49:3\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0026-0495(00)80077-3","journal-title":"Metab - Clin Exp"},{"key":"17730_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1080\/01441647.2014.897772","volume":"34","author":"AY Bigazzi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bigazzi AY, Figliozzi MA (2014) Review of urban bicyclists\u02bc intake and uptake of traffic-related air pollution. Transport Rev 34:221\u2013245. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/01441647.2014.897772","journal-title":"Transport Rev"},{"key":"17730_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpx109","volume":"31","author":"RD Brook","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brook RD, Newby DE, Rajagopalan S (2017) Air pollution and cardiometabolic disease: an update and call for clinical trials. Am J Hypertension 31:1\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ajh\/hpx109","journal-title":"Am J Hypertension"},{"key":"17730_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10050630","volume":"10","author":"A Buha","year":"2021","unstructured":"Buha A, Baralic K et al (2021) The role of toxic metals and metalloids in Nrf2 signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 10:630. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/antiox10050630","journal-title":"Antioxidants (Basel)"},{"key":"17730_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Campanella B, Colombaioni L et al (2019) Toxicity of thallium at low doses: a review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph16234732","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16234732"},{"key":"17730_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/s0272-2712(18)30143-4","volume":"18","author":"S Chan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chan S, Gerson B, Subramaniam S (1998) The role of copper, molybdenum, selenium, and zinc in nutrition and health. Clin Lab Med 18:673\u2013685. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0272-2712(18)30143-4","journal-title":"Clin Lab Med"},{"key":"17730_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.3109\/15376516.2010.485623","volume":"20","author":"AK Chandra","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chandra AK, Ghosh R, Chatterjee A, Sarkar M (2010) Protection against vanadium-induced testicular toxicity by testosterone propionate in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 20:306\u2013315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/15376516.2010.485623","journal-title":"Toxicol Mech Methods"},{"key":"17730_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113774","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2021.113774","volume":"235","author":"X Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen X, Chen X et al (2021) The association between estimated glomerular filtration rate and cadmium exposure: an 8-year follow-up study. Int J Hygiene Environ Health 235:113774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijheh.2021.113774","journal-title":"Int J Hygiene Environ Health"},{"key":"17730_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"k3310","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.k3310","volume":"362","author":"R Chowdhury","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chowdhury R, Ramond A et al (2018) Environmental toxic metal contaminants and risk of cardiovascular disease: systematic review and meta-analysis. Bmj 362:k3310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.k3310","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"17730_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2016.12.023","volume":"99","author":"A de Nazelle","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Nazelle A, Bode O, Orjuela JP (2017) Comparison of air pollution exposures in active vs. passive travel modes in European cities: a quantitative review. Environ Int 99:151\u2013160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2016.12.023","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"17730_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijheh.2017.12.007","volume":"221","author":"KE Deering","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deering KE, Callan AC et al (2018) Low-level cadmium exposure and cardiovascular outcomes in elderly Australian women: a cohort study. Int J Hygiene Environ Health 221:347\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijheh.2017.12.007","journal-title":"Int J Hygiene Environ Health"},{"key":"17730_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b05782","volume":"51","author":"E Dons","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dons E, Laeremans M et al (2017) Wearable sensors for personal monitoring and estimation of inhaled traffic-related air pollution: evaluation of methods. Environ Sci Technol 51:1859\u20131867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.6b05782","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"17730_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fels J, Scharner B, et al. (2019) Cadmium complexed with \u03b22-microglubulin, albumin and lipocalin-2 rather than metallothionein cause megalin:cubilin dependent toxicity of the renal proximal tubule. Int J Mol Sci 20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms20102379","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20102379"},{"key":"17730_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61167-8","volume":"382","author":"F Forastiere","year":"2013","unstructured":"Forastiere F, Agabiti N (2013) Assessing the link between air pollution and heart failure. Lancet 382:1008\u20131010. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61167-8","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"17730_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-020-04374-w","volume":"120","author":"MP Francescato","year":"2020","unstructured":"Francescato MP, Canciani M, Cettolo V (2020) Interchangeability between two breath-by-breath O(2) uptake calculation algorithms in asthmatic and healthy volunteers. Eur J Appl Physiol 120:1417\u20131428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-020-04374-w","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"17730_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.14198\/jhse.2019.142.02","volume":"14","author":"MP Francescato","year":"2019","unstructured":"Francescato MP, Venuto I, Stella AB, Stel G, Mallardi F, Cauci S (2019) Sex differences in hydration status among adolescent elite soccer players. J Human Sport Exercise 14:265\u2013280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14198\/jhse.2019.142.02","journal-title":"J Human Sport Exercise"},{"key":"17730_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.23736\/s0022-4707.20.10997-6","volume":"60","author":"N Giovanelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Giovanelli N, Lazzer S, Cauci S (2020) Muscle damage and inflammatory status biomarkers after a 3-stage trail running race. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 60:1486\u20131492. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23736\/s0022-4707.20.10997-6","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"key":"17730_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2002.34681","volume":"40","author":"HC Gonick","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gonick HC (2002) Lead, renal disease and hypertension. Am J Kidney Dis 40:202\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/ajkd.2002.34681","journal-title":"Am J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"17730_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gonzalez Ortiz A, De Brito Beirao Guerreiro C (2020) Air quality in Europe - 2020 report. EEA Report No 9\/2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2800\/786656","DOI":"10.2800\/786656"},{"key":"17730_CR32","first-page":"232","volume":"54","author":"J Granell","year":"2014","unstructured":"Granell J (2014) Zinc and copper changes in serum and urine after aerobic endurance and muscular strength exercise. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 54:232\u2013237","journal-title":"J Sports Med Phys Fitness"},{"key":"17730_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gromadzka G, Tarnacka B, Flaga A, Adamczyk A (2020) Copper dyshomeostasis in neurodegenerative diseases-therapeutic implications. Int J Mol Sci 21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21239259","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21239259"},{"key":"17730_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2016.79","volume":"27","author":"ME Harmon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Harmon ME, Lewis J et al (2017) Residential proximity to abandoned uranium mines and serum inflammatory potential in chronically exposed Navajo communities. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 27:365\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jes.2016.79","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"17730_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0155818","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0155818","volume":"11","author":"X Huang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Huang X, Xie J et al (2016) Association between Concentrations of metals in urine and adult asthma: a case-control study in Wuhan, China. PLoS One 11:e0155818. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0155818","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"17730_CR36","unstructured":"IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer) List of Classifications. Agents classified by the IARC Monographs, Volumes 1\u2013129. IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans"},{"key":"17730_CR37","first-page":"417","volume":"96","author":"M Kieliszek","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kieliszek M (2021) Chapter Eleven - selenium. Advances in Food and Nutrition Research. N. A. M. Eskin Academic Press 96:417\u2013429","journal-title":"Eskin Academic Press"},{"key":"17730_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2962","volume":"12","author":"A Knoop","year":"2020","unstructured":"Knoop A, Planitz P, W\u00fcst B, Thevis M (2020) Analysis of cobalt for human sports drug testing purposes using ICP- and LC-ICP-MS. Drug Test Anal 12:1666\u20131672. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.2962","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"key":"17730_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.05.015","volume":"7","author":"HY Koh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Koh HY, Kim TH et al (2019) Serum heavy metal levels are associated with asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic multimorbidity, and airflow obstruction. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 7:2912\u20132915.e2912. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.05.015","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"17730_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008x(86)90211-5","volume":"82","author":"RC Lindenschmidt","year":"1986","unstructured":"Lindenschmidt RC, Sendelbach LE, Witschi HP, Price DJ, Fleming J, Joshi JG (1986) Ferritin and in vivo beryllium toxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 82:344\u2013350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0041-008x(86)90211-5","journal-title":"Toxicol Appl Pharmacol"},{"key":"17730_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e02032","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2032","volume":"11","author":"H Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu H, Liao G (2021) Long-term misdiagnosis and neurologic outcomes of thallium poisoning: a case report and literature review. Brain Behav 11:e02032. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/brb3.2032","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"key":"17730_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu J, Qu W, Kadiiska MB (2009) Role of oxidative stress in cadmium toxicity and carcinogenesis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 238:209-214. hhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.taap.2009.01.029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.01.029"},{"key":"17730_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3027","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-011-2276-6","volume":"112","author":"F Llerena","year":"2012","unstructured":"Llerena F, Maynar M, Barrientos G, Palomo R, Robles MC, Caballero MJ (2012) Comparison of urine toxic metals concentrations in athletes and in sedentary subjects living in the same area of Extremadura (Spain). Eur J Appl Physiol 112:3027\u20133031. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-011-2276-6","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"17730_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-019-0505-3","volume":"18","author":"RG Lucchini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lucchini RG, Guazzetti S et al (2019) Neurocognitive impact of metal exposure and social stressors among schoolchildren in Taranto, Italy. Environ Health 18:67. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12940-019-0505-3","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"17730_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mattila T, Santonen T, et al. (2021) Scoping Review\u2014The association between asthma and environmental chemicals. Int J Environ Res Public Health 18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18031323","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18031323"},{"key":"17730_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1097\/mcp.0000000000000140","volume":"21","author":"A Mayer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mayer A, Hamzeh N (2015) Beryllium and other metal-induced lung disease. Curr Opin Pulm Med 21:178\u2013184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mcp.0000000000000140","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pulm Med"},{"key":"17730_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2018.07.022","volume":"50","author":"M Maynar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maynar M, Llerena F et al (2018a) Influence of an exercise until exhaustion in serum and urinary concentrations of toxic minerals among professional athletes, a preliminary approach. J Trace Elements Med Biol 50:312\u2013319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2018.07.022","journal-title":"J Trace Elements Med Biol"},{"key":"17730_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-018-1327-9","volume":"186","author":"M Maynar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Maynar M, Mu\u00f1oz D et al (2018b) Influence of an acute exercise until exhaustion on serum and urinary concentrations of molybdenum, selenium, and zinc in athletes. Biol Trace Element Res 186:361\u2013369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-018-1327-9","journal-title":"Biol Trace Element Res"},{"key":"17730_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2019.11206","volume":"19","author":"Y Men","year":"2020","unstructured":"Men Y, Li L et al (2020) Evaluation of heavy metals and metabolites in the urine of patients with breast cancer. Oncol Lett 19:1331\u20131337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3892\/ol.2019.11206","journal-title":"Oncol Lett"},{"key":"17730_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.11236","volume":"117","author":"A Menke","year":"2009","unstructured":"Menke A, Muntner P, Silbergeld EK, Platz EA, Guallar E (2009) Cadmium levels in urine and mortality among U.S. adults. Environ Health Perspectives 117:190\u2013196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.11236","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspectives"},{"key":"17730_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpcardio1399","volume":"6","author":"NL Mills","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mills NL, Donaldson K et al (2009) Adverse cardiovascular effects of air pollution. Nature Clin Practice Cardiovasc Med 6:36\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ncpcardio1399","journal-title":"Nature Clin Practice Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"17730_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28808","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-018-1883-8","volume":"25","author":"A Mistaro","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mistaro A, Felluga A et al (2018) Chemical characterization of atmospheric particulate matter in Friuli Venezia Giulia (NE Italy) by exploratory data analysis with multisite and multivariate approach. Environ Sci Pollution Res 25:28808\u201328828. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-018-1883-8","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollution Res"},{"key":"17730_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Montano L, Ceretti E et al (2021) Effects of a lifestyle change intervention on semen quality in healthy young men living in highly polluted areas in Italy: The FASt Randomized Controlled Trial. Eur Urol Focus. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.euf.2021.01.017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2021.01.017"},{"key":"17730_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-021-00813-7","volume":"80","author":"JY Moon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moon JY, Eom SY et al (2021) Effects of exposure to lead and cadmium on health of inhabitants of abandoned metal mine area in Korea. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 80:490\u2013498. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00244-021-00813-7","journal-title":"Arch Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"17730_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s12970-020-00372-7","volume":"17","author":"D Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz D, Grijota FJ, Bartolom\u00e9 I, Siquier-Coll J, Toro-Rom\u00e1n V, Maynar M (2020) Serum and urinary concentrations of arsenic, beryllium, cadmium and lead after an aerobic training period of six months in aerobic athletes and sedentary people. J Int Soc Sports Nutrition 17:43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12970-020-00372-7","journal-title":"J Int Soc Sports Nutrition"},{"key":"17730_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-018-1500-1","volume":"189","author":"D Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mu\u00f1oz D, Maynar M et al (2019) Effect of an acute exercise until exhaustion on the serum and urinary concentrations of cobalt, copper, and manganese among well-trained athletes. Biol Trace Element Res 189:387\u2013394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12011-018-1500-1","journal-title":"Biol Trace Element Res"},{"key":"17730_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(10)62296-9","volume":"377","author":"TS Nawrot","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nawrot TS, Perez L, K\u00fcnzli N, Munters E, Nemery B (2011) Public health importance of triggers of myocardial infarction: a comparative risk assessment. Lancet 377:732\u2013740. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(10)62296-9","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"17730_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu458","volume":"36","author":"DE Newby","year":"2015","unstructured":"Newby DE, Mannucci PM et al (2015) Expert position paper on air pollution and cardiovascular disease. Eur Heart J 36:83\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu458","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"17730_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.34.4.246","volume":"34","author":"BK Pedersen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pedersen BK, Toft AD (2000) Effects of exercise on lymphocytes and cytokines. Br J Sports Med 34:246\u2013251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsm.34.4.246","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"17730_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos11050479","volume":"11","author":"C Perrino","year":"2020","unstructured":"Perrino C, Catrambone M, Canepari S (2020) Chemical composition of PM10 in 16 urban, industrial and background sites in Italy. Atmosphere 11:479. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/atmos11050479","journal-title":"Atmosphere"},{"key":"17730_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3203","DOI":"10.1021\/ic048819r","volume":"44","author":"J Polanams","year":"2005","unstructured":"Polanams J, Ray AD, Watt RK (2005) Nanophase iron phosphate, iron arsenate, iron vanadate, and iron molybdate minerals synthesized within the protein cage of ferritin. Inorg Chem 44:3203\u20133209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ic048819r","journal-title":"Inorg Chem"},{"key":"17730_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.12.036","volume":"218","author":"F Qin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Qin F, Yang Y et al (2019) Exercise and air pollutants exposure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Life Sciences 218:153\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2018.12.036","journal-title":"Life Sciences"},{"key":"17730_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1039\/c4mt00304g","volume":"7","author":"D Rehder","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rehder D (2015) The role of vanadium in biology. Metallomics 7:730\u2013742. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c4mt00304g","journal-title":"Metallomics"},{"key":"17730_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9898","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-88969-z","volume":"11","author":"S Renzetti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Renzetti S, Cagna G et al (2021) The effects of the exposure to neurotoxic elements on Italian schoolchildren behavior. Scientific Reports 11:9898. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-88969-z","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"17730_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardfail.2020.01.005","volume":"26","author":"H Rosenblum","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rosenblum H, Wessler JD, Gupta A, Maurer MS, Bikdeli B (2020) Zinc deficiency and heart failure: a systematic review of the current literature. J Card Fail 26:180\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cardfail.2020.01.005","journal-title":"J Card Fail"},{"key":"17730_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901234","volume":"118","author":"S Satarug","year":"2010","unstructured":"Satarug S, Garrett SH, Sens MA, Sens DA (2010) Cadmium, environmental exposure, and health outcomes. Environ Health Perspect 118:182\u2013190. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.0901234","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"17730_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.6751","volume":"112","author":"S Satarug","year":"2004","unstructured":"Satarug S, Moore MR (2004) Adverse health effects of chronic exposure to low-level cadmium in foodstuffs and cigarette smoke. Environ Health Perspect 112:1099\u20131103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.6751","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"17730_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Schaller KH (2012) Beryllium and its inorganic compounds [BAT Value Documentation, 2005]. The MAK-Collection for Occupational Health and Safety:152-158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/3527600418.bb744041e0004","DOI":"10.1002\/3527600418.bb744041e0004"},{"key":"17730_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sijko M, Janasik B, Wasowicz W, Kozlowska L (2021) Can the effects of chromium compounds exposure be modulated by vitamins and microelements? Int J Occup Med Environ Health. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13075\/ijomeh.1896.01706","DOI":"10.13075\/ijomeh.1896.01706"},{"key":"17730_CR70","unstructured":"Sizar O, Talati R (2021) Berylliosis. [Updated 2020 Jun 30]. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing"},{"key":"17730_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2018.10.024","volume":"118","author":"L Smith","year":"2019","unstructured":"Smith L, Panter J, Ogilvie D (2019) Characteristics of the environment and physical activity in midlife: findings from UK Biobank. Preventive Med 118:150\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ypmed.2018.10.024","journal-title":"Preventive Med"},{"key":"17730_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001478","volume":"50","author":"J Stang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stang J, Sikkeland LIB, Tufvesson E, Holm AM, Stensrud T, Carlsen KH (2018) The role of airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in athlete\u02bcs asthma. Med Sci Sports Exercise 50:659\u2013666. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001478","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exercise"},{"key":"17730_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2016.31.1.25","volume":"31","author":"YJ Suh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Suh YJ, Lee JE et al (2016) Prevalence and Relationships of Iron Deficiency Anemia with Blood Cadmium and Vitamin D Levels in Korean Women. J Korean Med Sci 31:25\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3346\/jkms.2016.31.1.25","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"17730_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105954","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105954","volume":"147","author":"M Tainio","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tainio M, Jovanovic Andersen Z et al (2021) Air pollution, physical activity and health: a mapping review of the evidence. Environ Int 147:105954. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105954","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"17730_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtemb.2021.126808","volume":"68","author":"V Toro-Rom\u00e1n","year":"2021","unstructured":"Toro-Rom\u00e1n V, Bartolom\u00e9 I et al (2021) Serum vanadium concentrations in different sports modalities. Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology 68:126808. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtemb.2021.126808","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Med Biol"},{"key":"17730_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2021.152801","volume":"457","author":"JS Tsuji","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tsuji JS, Lennox KP, Watson HN, Chang ET (2021) Essential concepts for interpreting the dose-response of low-level arsenic exposure in epidemiological studies. Toxicology 457:152801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tox.2021.152801","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"17730_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2005.07.015","volume":"26","author":"JY Uriu-Adams","year":"2005","unstructured":"Uriu-Adams JY, Keen CL (2005) Copper, oxidative stress, and human health. Mol Aspects Med 26:268\u2013298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mam.2005.07.015","journal-title":"Mol Aspects Med"},{"key":"17730_CR78","first-page":"S15","volume":"20","author":"ND Vaziri","year":"2002","unstructured":"Vaziri ND (2002) Pathogenesis of lead-induced hypertension: role of oxidative stress. J Hypertens Suppl 20:S15\u2013S20","journal-title":"J Hypertens Suppl"},{"key":"17730_CR79","unstructured":"WHO (2021). WHO Global Conference on Air Pollution and Health. 30 October - 1 November. 2021"},{"key":"17730_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.33176\/aacb-19-00024","volume":"40","author":"SC Wilschefski","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wilschefski SC, Baxter MR (2019) Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: Introduction to Analytical Aspects. Clin Biochem Rev 40:115\u2013133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33176\/aacb-19-00024","journal-title":"Clin Biochem Rev"},{"key":"17730_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.05.029","volume":"7","author":"G Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang G, Sun T et al (2019) Serum Cadmium and Lead, Current Wheeze, and Lung Function in a Nationwide Study of Adults in the United States. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 7:2653\u20132660.e2653. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jaip.2019.05.029","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract"},{"key":"17730_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106410","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106410","volume":"149","author":"X Yao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yao X, Steven XX et al (2021) Stratification of population in NHANES 2009-2014 based on exposure pattern of lead, cadmium, mercury, and arsenic and their association with cardiovascular, renal and respiratory outcomes. Environment International 149:106410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2021.106410","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"17730_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110670","volume":"194","author":"HL Zeng","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zeng HL, Zhang B, Wang X, Yang Q, Cheng L (2021) Urinary trace elements in association with disease severity and outcome in patients with COVID-19. Environmental Research 194:110670. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110670","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"17730_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/15376516.2013.843110","volume":"24","author":"I Zwolak","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zwolak I (2014) Vanadium carcinogenic, immunotoxic and neurotoxic effects: a review of in vitro studies. Toxicol Mech Methods 24:1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/15376516.2013.843110","journal-title":"Toxicol Mech Methods"},{"key":"17730_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1490316","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1490316","volume":"2020","author":"I Zwolak","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zwolak I (2020) Protective Effects of Dietary Antioxidants against Vanadium-Induced Toxicity: A Review. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2020:1490316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/1490316","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"17730_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfy064","volume":"164","author":"KE Zychowski","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zychowski KE, Kodali V et al (2018) Respirable Uranyl-Vanadate-Containing Particulate Matter Derived From a Legacy Uranium Mine Site Exhibits Potentiated Cardiopulmonary Toxicity. Toxicol Sci 164:101\u2013114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/toxsci\/kfy064","journal-title":"Toxicol Sci"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-021-17730-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-021-17730-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-021-17730-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,8]],"date-time":"2025-04-08T13:15:42Z","timestamp":1744118142000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-021-17730-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["17730"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-021-17730-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-1344","1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-1344","type":"print"},{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 August 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 November 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 December 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Written informed consent was obtained from each participant before enrolment and no compensation or incentive was paid to the participants for this study. The study was approved by the Institutional Ethical Committee of the Department of Medicine (University of Udine) and was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}