{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:58:12Z","timestamp":1791287892009,"version":"4.3.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"46","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652832000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"SIDA, Swedish International Development Agency"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001862","name":"Svenska Forskningsr\u00e5det Formas","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["219-2014-837"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["219-2014-837"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001862","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003509","name":"\u00d6rebro University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003509","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The spread of antimicrobial-resistant pathogens is a global health concern. Most studies report high levels of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the aquatic environment; however, levels associated with sediments are limited. This study aimed to investigate the distribution of ARGs in the sediments and water of the Akaki river in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The diversity and abundance of 84 ARGs and 116 clinically important bacteria were evaluated from the sediments and water collected from five sites in the Akaki river. Most of the ARGs were found in the city close to anthropogenic activities. Water samples collected in the middle catchment of the river contained 71\u201375% of targeted ARGs, with genes\u00a0encoding aminoglycoside acetyltransferase (\n                    <jats:italic>aac(6)-Ib-cr<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), aminoglycoside adenylyl transferase (\n                    <jats:italic>aadA1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), \u03b2-lactamase (\n                    <jats:italic>bla<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>OXA-10<\/jats:sub>\n                    )\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    quinolone resistance S (\n                    <jats:italic>qnrS<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), macrolide efflux protein A (\n                    <jats:italic>mefA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and tetracycline resistance (\n                    <jats:italic>tetA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), were detected at all sampling sites. Much fewer ARGs were detected in all sediments, and those near the hospitals had the highest diversity and level. Despite the lower levels and diversity, there were no unique ARGs detected in the sediments that were also not detected in the waters. A wide range of clinically relevant pathogens were also detected in the Akaki river. The findings suggest that the water phase, rather than the sediments in the Akaki river, is a potential conduit for the spread of ARGs and antibiotic-resistant bacteria.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-20684-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]],"date-time":"2022-05-18T07:02:55Z","timestamp":1652857375000},"page":"70040-70055","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Antimicrobial resistance genes in microbiota associated with sediments and water from the Akaki river in Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Berhanu","family":"Yitayew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yimtubezinash","family":"Woldeamanuel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Asrat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aminur","family":"Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adane","family":"Mihret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Aseffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Per-Erik","family":"Olsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7957-0310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Jass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"20684_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-019-0239-0","volume":"8","author":"JC Abdul-Mutakabbir","year":"2019","unstructured":"Abdul-Mutakabbir JC, Kebriaei R, Jorgensen SCJ et al (2019) Teaching an old class new tricks: a novel semi-synthetic aminoglycoside, plazomicin. Infect Dis Ther 8:155\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40121-019-0239-0","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"key":"20684_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.11.077","volume":"444","author":"F Adachi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Adachi F, Yamamoto A, Takakura K et al (2013) Occurrence of fluoroquinolones and fluoroquinolone-resistance genes in the aquatic environment. Sci Total Environ 444:508\u2013514. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.11.077","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"20684_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2312","volume":"8","author":"HK Allen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Allen HK, Donato J, Wang HH et al (2010) Call of the wild: antibiotic resistance genes in natural environments. Nat Rev Microbiol 8:251\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrmicro2312","journal-title":"Nat Rev Microbiol"},{"key":"20684_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2723","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00015-07","volume":"45","author":"KF Anderson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Anderson KF, Lonsway DR, Rasheed JK et al (2007) Evaluation of methods to identify the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase in Enterobacteriaceae. J Clin Microbiol 45:2723\u20132725. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.00015-07","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"20684_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2019.01.033","volume":"125","author":"M Bacanl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bacanl M, Ba\u015faran N (2019) Importance of antibiotic residues in animal food. Food Chem Toxicol 125:462\u2013466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fct.2019.01.033","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"20684_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2006.02.006","volume":"14","author":"C Baker-Austin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Baker-Austin C, Wright MS, Stepanauskas R et al (2006) Co-selection of antibiotic and metal resistance. Trends Microbiol 14:176\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tim.2006.02.006","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"20684_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Berglund B, Fick J, Lindgren P-E (2015) Urban wastewater effluent increases antibiotic resistance gene concentrations in a receiving northern European river. 34, 192-196.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/etc.2784","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.2784"},{"key":"20684_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brandt J, Albertsen M (2018) Investigation of detection limits and the influence of DNA extraction and primer choice on the observed microbial communities in drinking water samples using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, 9.\u00a0\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02140.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.02140"},{"key":"20684_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.05.016","volume":"93","author":"I Braschi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Braschi I, Blasioli S, Fellet C et al (2013) Persistence and degradation of new \u03b2-lactam antibiotics in the soil and water environment. Chemosphere 93:152\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2013.05.016","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"20684_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.01.035","volume":"223","author":"W Calero-C\u00e1ceres","year":"2017","unstructured":"Calero-C\u00e1ceres W, M\u00e9ndez J, Mart\u00edn-D\u00edaz J et al (2017) The occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes in a Mediterranean river and their persistence in the riverbed sediment. Environ Pollut 223:384\u2013394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2017.01.035","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"20684_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30605-4","volume":"19","author":"A Cassini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cassini A, H\u00f6gberg LD, Plachouras D et al (2019) Attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic Area in 2015: a population-level modelling analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 19:56\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30605-4","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"20684_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ceccarelli D, Kant A, van Essen-Zandbergen A, et al (2019) Diversity of plasmids and genes encoding resistance to extended spectrum cephalosporins in commensal Escherichia coli From Dutch Livestock in 2007\u20132017. Front Microbiol, 10.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00076","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00076"},{"key":"20684_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00550","volume":"9","author":"I Dandachi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dandachi I, Sokhn ES, Dahdouh EA et al (2018) Prevalence and characterization of multi-drug-resistant gram-negative bacilli isolated from lebanese poultry: a nationwide study. Front Microbiol 9:550\u2013550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00550","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"20684_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0210686","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0210686","volume":"14","author":"L Darwich","year":"2019","unstructured":"Darwich L, Vidal A, Seminati C et al (2019) High prevalence and diversity of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase and emergence of OXA-48 producing Enterobacterales in wildlife in Catalonia. PLoS ONE 14:e0210686. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0210686","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"20684_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0149211","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0149211","volume":"11","author":"N Devarajan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Devarajan N, Laffite A, Mulaji CK et al (2016) Occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes and bacterial markers in a tropical river receiving hospital and urban wastewaters. PLoS ONE 11:e0149211\u2013e0149211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0149211","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"20684_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Dineen SM, Aranda IV R, Anders DL, et al. 2010. An evaluation of commercial DNA extraction kits for the isolation of bacterial spore DNA from soil, 109: 1886-1896.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2010.04816.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2010.04816.x"},{"key":"20684_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-010-2649-5","volume":"87","author":"C Ding","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ding C, He J (2010) Effect of antibiotics in the environment on microbial populations. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 87:925\u2013941. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00253-010-2649-5","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"20684_CR18","unstructured":"EPHI (2017) Ethiopian Public Health Instititute - Pollution status of Akaki river and its contamination effect on surrounding environment and agricultural products: technical report. https:\/\/www.ephi.gov.et\/images\/pictures\/download2010\/Akaki%20River%20Technical%20Report_2017.pdf"},{"key":"20684_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fair RJ, Tor Y (2014) Antibiotics and Bacterial Resistance in the 21st Century. PMC 6:S14459. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4137\/PMC.S14459","DOI":"10.4137\/PMC.S14459"},{"key":"20684_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002158","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002158","volume":"7","author":"E Gullberg","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gullberg E, Cao S, Berg OG et al (2011) Selection of resistant bacteria at very low antibiotic concentrations. PLoS Pathog 7:e1002158\u2013e1002158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002158","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"20684_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.140713","volume":"744","author":"X-p Guo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Guo X-p, Zhao S, Chen Y-r et al (2020) Antibiotic resistance genes in sediments of the Yangtze Estuary: from 2007 to 2019. Sci Total Environ 744:140713. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.140713","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"20684_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3275","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.5191","volume":"40","author":"J Harrower","year":"2021","unstructured":"Harrower J, McNaughtan M, Hunter C et al (2021) Chemical fate and partitioning behavior of antibiotics in the aquatic environment-a review. Environ Toxicol Chem 40:3275\u20133298. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/etc.5191","journal-title":"Environ Toxicol Chem"},{"key":"20684_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hiruy AM, Mohammed J, Haileselassie MM, Acharya K, Butte G, Haile AT, Walsh C, Werner\u00a0D (2022) Spatiotemporal variation in urban wastewater pollution impacts on river microbiomes and associated hazards in the Akaki catchment Addis Ababa Ethiopia Sci Total Environ 826153912. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.153912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.153912"},{"key":"20684_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/femsec\/fiy128","DOI":"10.1093\/femsec\/fiy128"},{"key":"20684_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00793","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00793-17","volume":"83","author":"MA Islam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Islam MA, Islam M, Hasan R et al (2017) Environmental spread of New Delhi metallo-\u03b2-lactamase-1-producing multidrug-resistant bacteria in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Appl Environ Microbiol 83:e00793-e817. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/AEM.00793-17","journal-title":"Appl Environ Microbiol"},{"key":"20684_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2017.08.009","volume":"69","author":"H Jiang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jiang H, Zhou R, Yang Y et al (2018) Characterizing the antibiotic resistance genes in a river catchment: influence of anthropogenic activities. J Environ Sci 69:125\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jes.2017.08.009","journal-title":"J Environ Sci"},{"key":"20684_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12380","volume":"1323","author":"S Kariuki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kariuki S, Dougan G (2014) Antibacterial resistance in sub-Saharan Africa: an underestimated emergency. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1323:43\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/nyas.12380","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"20684_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-07992-3","volume":"10","author":"A Karkman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Karkman A, P\u00e4rn\u00e4nen K, Larsson DGJ (2019) Fecal pollution can explain antibiotic resistance gene abundances in anthropogenically impacted environments. Nat Commun 10:80. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-018-07992-3","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"20684_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.10.130","volume":"621","author":"JF Kerrigan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kerrigan JF, Sandberg KD, Engstrom DR et al (2018) Sedimentary record of antibiotic accumulation in Minnesota Lakes. Sci Total Environ 621:970\u2013979. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.10.130","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"20684_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Khan FA, S\u00f6derquist B, Jass J (2019) Prevalence and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes in Swedish aquatic environments impacted by household and hospital wastewater. Front Microbiol, 10.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00688","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.00688"},{"key":"20684_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e57263","DOI":"10.5812\/pedinfect.57263","volume":"5","author":"S Khoshnood","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khoshnood S, Eslami G, Hashemi A et al (2017) Distribution of aminoglycoside resistance genes among Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from burn patients in Tehran. Iran Arch Pediatr Infect Dis 5:e57263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5812\/pedinfect.57263","journal-title":"Iran Arch Pediatr Infect Dis"},{"key":"20684_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kraemer SA, Ramachandran A, Perron GG (2019) Antibiotic pollution in the environment: from microbial ecology to public policy. Microorganisms, 7.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/microorganisms7060180","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms7060180"},{"key":"20684_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.11.088435","volume":"89","author":"E Leung","year":"2011","unstructured":"Leung E, Weil DE, Raviglione M et al (2011) The WHO policy package to combat antimicrobial resistance. Bull World Health Organ 89:390\u2013392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2471\/BLT.11.088435","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"20684_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2895","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkz268","volume":"74","author":"X Liao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liao X, Yang R-S, Xia J et al (2019) High colonization rate of a novel carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella lineage among migratory birds at Qinghai Lake, China. J Antimicrob Chemother 74:2895\u20132903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jac\/dkz268","journal-title":"J Antimicrob Chemother"},{"key":"20684_CR35","first-page":"7220","volume":"44","author":"Y Luo","year":"2010","unstructured":"Luo Y, Mao D, Rysz M et al (2010) Trends in antibiotic resistance genes occurrence in the Haihe River. China 44:7220\u20137225","journal-title":"China"},{"key":"20684_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-777X.68538","volume":"2","author":"V Manchanda","year":"2010","unstructured":"Manchanda V, Sanchaita S, Singh N (2010) Multidrug resistant acinetobacter. Journal of Global Infectious Diseases 2:291\u2013304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0974-777X.68538","journal-title":"Journal of Global Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"20684_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1021\/es404280v","volume":"48","author":"D Mao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mao D, Luo Y, Mathieu J et al (2014) Persistence of extracellular DNA in river sediment facilitates antibiotic resistance gene propagation. Environ Sci Technol 48:71\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es404280v","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"20684_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2893","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2009.05.051","volume":"157","author":"JL Martinez","year":"2009","unstructured":"Martinez JL (2009) Environmental pollution by antibiotics and by antibiotic resistance determinants. Environ Pollut 157:2893\u20132902. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2009.05.051","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"20684_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-017-2467-2","volume":"10","author":"AP Maurya","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maurya AP, Dhar D, Basumatary MK et al (2017) Expansion of highly stable blaOXA-10 \u03b2-lactamase family within diverse host range among nosocomial isolates of Gram-negative bacilli within a tertiary referral hospital of Northeast India. BMC Res Notes 10:145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13104-017-2467-2","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"20684_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgar.2014.02.004","volume":"2","author":"F Moges","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moges F, Endris M, Mulu A et al (2014) The growing challenges of antibacterial drug resistance in Ethiopia. Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance 2:148\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jgar.2014.02.004","journal-title":"Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance"},{"key":"20684_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2010.08.033","volume":"45","author":"M Munir","year":"2011","unstructured":"Munir M, Wong K, Xagoraraki I (2011) Release of antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes in the effluent and biosolids of five wastewater utilities in Michigan. Water Res 45:681\u2013693. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2010.08.033","journal-title":"Water Res"},{"key":"20684_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54002","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-13560-y","volume":"28","author":"G Na","year":"2021","unstructured":"Na G, Zhang K, Gao H et al (2021) Occurrence and distribution characteristics of antibiotic resistance genes in sediments between urban and rural of the Liaohe River Basin, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28:54002\u201354014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-021-13560-y","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"20684_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01861.x","volume":"14","author":"T Naas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Naas T, Poirel L, Nordmann P (2008) Minor extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamases. Clin Microbiol Infect 14:42\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2007.01861.x","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"20684_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1007\/s00248-013-0200-9","volume":"65","author":"RJ Newton","year":"2013","unstructured":"Newton RJ, Bootsma MJ, Morrison HG et al (2013) A microbial signature approach to identify fecal pollution in the waters off an urbanized coast of Lake Michigan. Microb Ecol 65:1011\u20131023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00248-013-0200-9","journal-title":"Microb Ecol"},{"key":"20684_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10818","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-016-6221-4","volume":"23","author":"A Osinska","year":"2016","unstructured":"Osinska A, Harnisz M, Korzeniewska E (2016) Prevalence of plasmid-mediated multidrug resistance determinants in fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria isolated from sewage and surface water. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 23:10818\u201310831. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-016-6221-4","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"key":"20684_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Poirel L, Cattoir V, Nordmann P (2012) Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance; interactions between human, animal, and environmental ecologies, 3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00024.","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00024"},{"key":"20684_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.041","volume":"654","author":"B Ramakrishnan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ramakrishnan B, Venkateswarlu K, Sethunathan N et al (2019) Local applications but global implications: can pesticides drive microorganisms to develop antimicrobial resistance? Sci Total Environ 654:177\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.11.041","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"20684_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1089\/mdr.2019.0449","volume":"27","author":"VK Ranjan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ranjan VK, Mukherjee S, Basak C et al (2021) Abundance of New Delhi metallo-\u03b2-lactamase-producing Acinetobacter, Escherichia, Proteus, and Pseudomonas spp. in Mahananda and Karala Rivers of India. Microb Drug Resist 27:1603\u20131615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/mdr.2019.0449","journal-title":"Microb Drug Resist"},{"key":"20684_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2014.04.007","volume":"22","author":"LS Redgrave","year":"2014","unstructured":"Redgrave LS, Sutton SB, Webber MA et al (2014) Fluoroquinolone resistance: mechanisms, impact on bacteria, and role in evolutionary success. Trends Microbiol 22:438\u2013445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tim.2014.04.007","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol"},{"key":"20684_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-46718-4_16","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46718-4_16"},{"key":"20684_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1186\/s40360-018-0274-6","volume":"19","author":"M Sisay","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sisay M, Weldegebreal F, Tesfa T et al (2018) Resistance profile of clinically relevant bacterial isolates against fluoroquinolone in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 19:86. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40360-018-0274-6","journal-title":"BMC Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"key":"20684_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10571","volume":"480","author":"CS Smillie","year":"2011","unstructured":"Smillie CS, Smith MB, Friedman J et al (2011) Ecology drives a global network of gene exchange connecting the human microbiome. Nature 480:241\u2013244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature10571","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"20684_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.17843\/rpmesp.2021.382.6202","volume":"38","author":"DR Soriano-Moreno","year":"2021","unstructured":"Soriano-Moreno DR, Yareta J, Rojas-Cosi AF et al (2021) Hospital effluents as a reservoir of beta-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 38:302\u2013307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17843\/rpmesp.2021.382.6202","journal-title":"Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica"},{"key":"20684_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112150-20200914-01199","volume":"55","author":"MY Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang MY, Lu X, Kan B et al (2021) Research progress on bacterial resistance and gene carrying resistance in migratory birds. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 55:271\u2013276. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.cn112150-20200914-01199","journal-title":"Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"20684_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.13345\/j.cjb.180249","volume":"34","author":"X Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang X, Lin Z, Lu J (2018) One Health strategy to prevent and control antibiotic resistance. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 34:1361\u20131367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13345\/j.cjb.180249","journal-title":"Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao"},{"key":"20684_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4323769","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4323769","volume":"2018","author":"F Worku","year":"2018","unstructured":"Worku F, Tewahido D (2018) Retrospective assessment of antibiotics prescribing at public primary healthcare facilities in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis 2018:4323769. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/4323769","journal-title":"Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis"},{"key":"20684_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107157","volume":"162","author":"WY Xie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xie WY, Wang YT, Yuan J et al (2022) Prevalent and highly mobile antibiotic resistance genes in commercial organic fertilizers. Environ Int 162:107157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107157","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"20684_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109452","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2019.109452","volume":"182","author":"Y Yang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yang Y, Liu Z, Xing S et al (2019) The correlation between antibiotic resistance gene abundance and microbial community resistance in pig farm wastewater and surrounding rivers. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 182:109452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2019.109452","journal-title":"Ecotoxicol Environ Saf"},{"key":"20684_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2018.04.011","volume":"116","author":"Y Yang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yang Y, Song W, Lin H et al (2018) Antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in global lakes: a review and meta-analysis. Environ Int 116:60\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2018.04.011","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"20684_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.126141","volume":"416","author":"L Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang L, Zhang C, Lian K et al (2021) Effects of chronic exposure of antibiotics on microbial community structure and functions in hyporheic zone sediments. J Hazard Mater 416:126141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2021.126141","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"20684_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-008-1829-z","volume":"82","author":"XX Zhang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhang XX, Zhang T, Fang HH (2009) Antibiotic resistance genes in water environment. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 82:397\u2013414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00253-008-1829-z","journal-title":"Appl Microbiol Biotechnol"},{"key":"20684_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23753","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-017-0032-0","volume":"24","author":"ZC Zhou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhou ZC, Zheng J, Wei YY et al (2017) Antibiotic resistance genes in an urban river as impacted by bacterial community and physicochemical parameters. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 24:23753\u201323762. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-017-0032-0","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"key":"20684_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16270","DOI":"10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.270","volume":"2","author":"Y-G Zhu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhu Y-G, Zhao Y, Li B et al (2017) Continental-scale pollution of estuaries with antibiotic resistance genes. Nat Microbiol 2:16270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmicrobiol.2016.270","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-022-20684-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-022-20684-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-022-20684-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]],"date-time":"2022-09-26T04:56:03Z","timestamp":1664168163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-022-20684-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"46","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["20684"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-022-20684-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-1344","1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-1344","type":"print"},{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 October 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 May 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 May 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The research was approved by the Addis Ababa University institutional research board, College of Health Sciences (IRB-CHS; Ref. N<u>o<\/u> AAUMF 03\u2013008), national IRB (Ref. N<u>o<\/u> 310\/83\/2018) and Armauer Hansen Research Institute\/All Africa Leprosy TB Rehabilitation and Training center (AAERC) research ethics committee (Ref. N<u>o<\/u> PO26\/17). Permission for sample collection was obtained from the Addis Ababa Water and Sewerage Authority. Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute authorized the exportation of DNA samples to \u00d6rebro University, Sweden.No animals or humans were involved in the study, therefore ethical approval or consent for participation is not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"No personal information was used in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}