{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,12]],"date-time":"2026-11-12T13:39:40Z","timestamp":1794490780580,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"49","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653696000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-21051-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]],"date-time":"2022-05-28T05:03:03Z","timestamp":1653714183000},"page":"74062-74080","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Facile synthesis of cadmium-doped graphite carbon nitride for photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline under visible light irradiation"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Yin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangzhuo","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quyang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianlan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"21051_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1109\/jproc.2009.2035162","volume":"98","author":"D Abbott","year":"2010","unstructured":"Abbott D (2010) Keeping the energy debate clean: how do we supply the world\u2019s energy needs? Proc IEEE 98:42\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/jproc.2009.2035162","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"key":"21051_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2021.150541","volume":"565","author":"M Abu Hanif","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abu Hanif M, Akter J, Akherul Islam M, Sapkota KP, Hahn JR (2021) Visible-light-driven enhanced photocatalytic performance using cadmium-doping of tungsten (VI) oxide and nanocomposite formation with graphitic carbon nitride disks. Appl Surf Sci 565:150541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsusc.2021.150541","journal-title":"Appl Surf Sci"},{"key":"21051_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2009.10.057","volume":"64","author":"G Amirthaganesan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Amirthaganesan G, Dhanabal T, Nanthini K, Dhandapani M (2010) Thermal and FTIR spectral characterization of diammonium tetrachloromanganate (II) monohydrate crystals. Mater Lett Mater Lett 64:264\u2013266. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matlet.2009.10.057","journal-title":"Mater Lett Mater Lett"},{"key":"21051_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24833","DOI":"10.1021\/jp507372n","volume":"118","author":"C Butchosa","year":"2014","unstructured":"Butchosa C, Guiglion P, Zwijnenburg MA (2014) Carbon nitride photocatalysts for water splitting: a computational perspective. J Phys Chem C 118:24833\u201324842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jp507372n","journal-title":"J Phys Chem C"},{"key":"21051_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2016.11.025","volume":"60","author":"D Chan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chan D, Yu J, Yecheng L, Hu Z (2017) A metal-free composite photocatalyst of graphene quantum dots deposited on red phosphorus. J Environ Sci 60:91\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jes.2016.11.025","journal-title":"J Environ Sci"},{"key":"21051_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2015.08.124","volume":"358","author":"F Chang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chang F, Li C, Luo J, Xie Y, Deng B, Hu X (2015) Enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance of porous graphitic carbon nitride. Appl Surf Sci 358:270\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsusc.2015.08.124","journal-title":"Appl Surf Sci"},{"key":"21051_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mssp.2018.07.005","volume":"87","author":"F Chang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chang F, Yan W, Cheng W, Wu F, Deng B, Hu X (2018) The construction and enhanced photocatalytic performance of binary composite S\/g-C3N4. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process 87:1\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.mssp.2018.07.005","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process"},{"key":"21051_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/s11663-013-9891-z","volume":"45","author":"K Chao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chao K, Liao H, Shyue J, Lian S-S (2014) corrosion behavior of high nitrogen nickel-free Fe-16Cr-Mn-Mo-N stainless steels. Metall Mater Trans B 45:381\u2013391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11663-013-9891-z","journal-title":"Metall Mater Trans B"},{"key":"21051_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2020.125080","volume":"395","author":"X Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen X, Peng X, Jiang L, Yuan X-Z, Yu H, Hou W, Zhang J, Xia Q (2020) Recent advances in titanium metal-organic frameworks and their derived materials: features, fabrication, and photocatalytic applications. Chem Eng J 395:125080. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cej.2020.125080","journal-title":"Chem Eng J"},{"key":"21051_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen Q, Wan B, Zhu P, Xu S, Huang Y (2021) The synergy of adsorption and photosensitization of platinum-doped graphitic carbon nitride for improved removal of rhodamine B. Environ Sci Pollut Res: DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-021-15340-0","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-15340-0"},{"key":"21051_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33478","DOI":"10.1039\/c5ra28024a","volume":"6","author":"S-Y Chou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chou S-Y, Chen C-C, Dai Y-M, Lin J-H, Lee WW (2016) Novel synthesis of bismuth oxyiodide\/graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposites with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity. RSC Advances 6:33478\u201333491. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c5ra28024a","journal-title":"RSC Advances"},{"key":"21051_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2018.11.165","volume":"359","author":"J Fan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fan J, Qin H, Jiang S (2019) Mn-doped g-C3N4 composite to activate peroxymonosulfate for acetaminophen degradation: the role of superoxide anion and singlet oxygen. Chem Eng J 359:723\u2013732. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cej.2018.11.165","journal-title":"Chem Eng J"},{"key":"21051_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14408","DOI":"10.1039\/c6cc08187h","volume":"52","author":"LJ Fang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fang LJ, Wang XL, Zhao JJ, Li YH, Wang YL, Du XL, He ZF, Zeng HD, Yang HG (2016) One-step fabrication of porous oxygen-doped g-C3N4 with feeble nitrogen vacancies for enhanced photocatalytic performance. Chem Commun 52:14408\u201314411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c6cc08187h","journal-title":"Chem Commun"},{"key":"21051_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3687","DOI":"10.1039\/c2nr30777d","volume":"4","author":"J Gao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gao J, Zhou Y, Li Z, Yan S, Wang N, Zou Z (2012) High-yield synthesis of millimetre-long, semiconducting carbon nitride nanotubes with intense photoluminescence emission and reproducible photoconductivity. Nanoscale 4:3687\u20133692. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c2nr30777d","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"21051_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18077","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cp53774a","volume":"15","author":"H Gao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gao H, Yan S, Wang J, Huang YA, Wang P, Li Z, Zou Z (2013) Towards efficient solar hydrogen production by intercalated carbon nitride photocatalyst. Phys Chem Chem Phys 15:18077\u201318084. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c3cp53774a","journal-title":"Phys Chem Chem Phys"},{"key":"21051_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcata.2011.10.006","volume":"409-410","author":"L Ge","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ge L, Han C, Liu J, Li Y (2011) Enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity of novel polymeric g-C3N4 loaded with Ag nanoparticles. Appl Catal A: Gen 409-410:215\u2013222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apcata.2011.10.006","journal-title":"Appl Catal A: Gen"},{"key":"21051_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13708","DOI":"10.1021\/jp3041692","volume":"116","author":"L Ge","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ge L, Zuo F, Liu J, Ma Q, Wang C, Sun D, Bartels L, Feng P (2012) Synthesis and efficient visible light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution of polymeric g-C3N4 coupled with CdS quantum dots. J Phys ChemC 116:13708\u201313714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jp3041692","journal-title":"J Phys ChemC"},{"key":"21051_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2018.08.077","volume":"232","author":"Y Gu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gu Y, Yu Y, Zou J, Shen T, Xu Q, Yue X, Meng J, Wang J (2018) The ultra-rapid synthesis of rGO\/g-C3N4 composite via microwave heating with enhanced photocatalytic performance. Mater Lett 232:107\u2013109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matlet.2018.08.077","journal-title":"Mater Lett"},{"key":"21051_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2018.12.013","volume":"385","author":"D Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang D, Chen S, Zeng G, Gong X, Zhou C, Cheng M, Xue W, Yan X, Li J (2019) Artificial Z-scheme photocatalytic system: what have been done and where to go? Coor Chem Rev 385:44\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ccr.2018.12.013","journal-title":"Coor Chem Rev"},{"key":"21051_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1039\/c7cy00286f","volume":"7","author":"W Iqbal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Iqbal W, Dong C, Xing M, Tan X, Zhang J (2017) Eco-friendly one-pot synthesis of well-adorned mesoporous g-C3N4 with efficiently enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. Catal. Sci. Technol. 7:1726\u20131734. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c7cy00286f","journal-title":"Catal. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"21051_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matlet.2018.12.128","volume":"240","author":"C Ji","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ji C, Du C, Steinkruger JD, Zhou C, Yang S (2019) In-situ hydrothermal fabrication of CdS\/g-C3N4 nanocomposites for enhanced photocatalytic water splitting. Mater Lett 240:128\u2013131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.matlet.2018.12.128","journal-title":"Mater Lett"},{"key":"21051_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2019.07.266","volume":"495","author":"J Jia","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jia J, Jiang C, Zhang X, Li P, Xiong J, Zhang Z, Wu T, Wang Y (2019) Urea-modified carbon quantum dots as electron mediator decorated g-C3N4\/WO3 with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity and mechanism insight. Appl Surf Sci 495:143524. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsusc.2019.07.266","journal-title":"Appl Surf Sci"},{"key":"21051_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2020.155180","volume":"835","author":"J Jia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jia J, Zhang X, Jiang C, Huang W, Wang Y (2020) Visible-light-driven nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots decorated g-C3N4\/Bi2WO6 Z-scheme composite with enhanced photocatalytic activity and mechanism insight. J All Com 835:155180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jallcom.2020.155180","journal-title":"J All Com"},{"issue":"29","key":"21051_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3661","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201203732","volume":"23","author":"Y-S Jun","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jun Y-S, Lee E, Wang X, Hong W, Stucky G, Thomas A (2013) From melamine-cyanuric acid supramolecular aggregates to carbon nitride hollow spheres. Adv Funct Mater 23(29):3661\u20133667. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adfm.201203732","journal-title":"Adv Funct Mater"},{"key":"21051_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8018","DOI":"10.1021\/ie5012036","volume":"53","author":"H Katsumata","year":"2014","unstructured":"Katsumata H, Sakai T, Suzuki T, Knaeco S (2014) Highly efficient photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4\/Ag3PO4 hybrid photocatalysts through Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism under visible light. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53:8018\u20138025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ie5012036","journal-title":"Ind. Eng. Chem. Res."},{"key":"21051_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800668","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201800668","volume":"28","author":"L Kong","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kong L, Yujin J, Dang Z, Yan J, Li P, Li Y (2018) g-C3N4 Loading black phosphorus quantum dot for efficient and stable photocatalytic H2 generation under visible light. Adv Funct Mater 28:1800668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adfm.201800668","journal-title":"Adv Funct Mater"},{"key":"21051_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2008.07.008","volume":"85","author":"J Li","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li J, Xu J, Dai W-L, Li H, Fan K (2009a) Direct hydro-alcohol thermal synthesis of special core\u2013shell structured Fe-doped titania microspheres with extended visible light response and enhanced photoactivity. Appl Catal B: Environ 85:162\u2013170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apcatb.2008.07.008","journal-title":"Appl Catal B: Environ"},{"key":"21051_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1007\/s00339-008-4816-4","volume":"94","author":"X Li","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li X, Zhang J, Shen L, Yanmei M, Lei W, Cui Q, Zou G (2009b) Preparation and characterization of graphitic carbon nitride through pyrolysis of melamine. Appl Phys A 94:387\u2013392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00339-008-4816-4","journal-title":"Appl Phys A"},{"issue":"7","key":"21051_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cattod.2017.05.017","volume":"8","author":"H Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li H, Liu Y, Gao X, Fu C, Wang X (2015) Facile synthesis and enhanced visible-light photocatalysis of graphitic carbon nitride composite semiconductors. ChemSusChem 8(7):1189\u20131196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cattod.2017.05.017","journal-title":"ChemSusChem"},{"key":"21051_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2904","DOI":"10.1007\/s10854-015-4108-7","volume":"27","author":"Z Li","year":"2016","unstructured":"Li Z, Liu Z, Li B, Li D, Ge C, Fang Y (2016) Novel CdS nanorods\/g-C3N4 nanosheets 1-D\/2-D hybrid architectures: an in situ growth route and excellent visible light photoelectrochemical performances. J Mater Sci Mater Elect 27:2904\u20132913. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10854-015-4108-7","journal-title":"J Mater Sci Mater Elect"},{"key":"21051_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.7b05563","volume":"52","author":"H Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li H, Shan C, Pan B (2018) Fe(III)-Doped g-C3N4 Mediated peroxymonosulfate activation for selective degradation of phenolic compounds via high-valent iron-oxo species. Environ Sci Technol 52:2197\u20132205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.7b05563","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"21051_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11642","DOI":"10.1021\/ja103798k","volume":"132","author":"G Liu","year":"2010","unstructured":"Liu G, Niu P, Smith S, Chen Z-G, Lu M, Cheng H-M (2010) Unique electronic structure induced high photoreactivity of sulfur-doped graphitic C3N4. J Am Chem Soc 132:11642\u201311648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja103798k","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"21051_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2012.08.033","volume":"209","author":"W Liu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Liu W, Wang M, Xu C, Chen S (2012) Facile synthesis of g-C3N4\/ZnO composite with enhanced visible light photooxidation and photoreduction properties. Chem Eng J 209:386\u2013393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cej.2012.08.033","journal-title":"Chem Eng J"},{"key":"21051_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liu J, Liu Y, Naiyun L, Han Y, Zhang X, Huang H, Lifshitz Y, Lee S-T, Zhong J, Kang ZH (2015) ChemInform Abstract: metal-free efficient photocatalyst for stable visible water splitting via a two-electron pathway. Science (New York, N.Y.) 347: 970-4. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaa3145","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa3145"},{"key":"21051_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcis.2016.01.051","volume":"468","author":"S Liu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Liu S, Li D, Sun H, Ang HM, Tad\u00e9 MO, Wang S (2016) Oxygen functional groups in graphitic carbon nitride for enhanced photocatalysis. J Coll Inter Sci 468:176\u2013182. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcis.2016.01.051","journal-title":"J Coll Inter Sci"},{"key":"21051_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2019.118137","volume":"260","author":"Y Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu Y, He M, Guo R, Fang Z, Kang S, Ma Z, Dong M, Wang W, Cui L (2020) Ultrastable metal-free near-infrared-driven photocatalysts for H2 production based on protonated 2D g-C3N4 sensitized with Chlorine6. Appl Catal B: Environ 260:118137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apcatb.2019.118137","journal-title":"Appl Catal B: Environ"},{"key":"21051_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12251","DOI":"10.1039\/c5cc04231c","volume":"51","author":"Q Lu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lu Q, Deng J, Hou Y, Wang H, Li H, Zhang Y (2015) One-step electrochemical synthesis of ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets and their application to the detection of uric acid. Chem Commun 51:12251\u201312253. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c5cc04231c","journal-title":"Chem Commun"},{"key":"21051_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33552","DOI":"10.1039\/c7ra04931e","volume":"7","author":"Z Lu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lu Z, Song W, Ouyang C, Wang H, Zeng D, Xie C (2017) Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic performance of highly-dispersed Pt\/g-C3N4 nanocomposites by one-step solvothermal treatment. RSC Adv. 7:33552\u201333557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c7ra04931e","journal-title":"RSC Adv."},{"key":"21051_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2016.10.190","volume":"396","author":"L Luo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Luo L, Zhang A, Janik MJ, Li K, Song C, Guo X (2017) Facile fabrication of ordered mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride for RhB photocatalytic degradation. Appl Surf Sci 396:78\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apsusc.2016.10.190","journal-title":"Appl Surf Sci"},{"key":"21051_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13235","DOI":"10.1039\/c5cp00676g","volume":"17","author":"I Matanovi\u0107","year":"2015","unstructured":"Matanovi\u0107 I, Babanova S, Iii A, Serov A, Artyushkova K, Atanassov P (2015) Bio-inspired design of electrocatalysts for oxalate oxidation: a combined experimental and computational study of Mn-N-C catalyst. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17:13235\u201313244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c5cp00676g","journal-title":"Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"21051_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s11625-012-0164-6","volume":"7","author":"S McCauley","year":"2012","unstructured":"McCauley S, Stephens J (2012) Green energy clusters and socio-technical transitions: Analysis of a sustainable energy cluster for regional economic development in Central Massachusetts, USA. Sustain Sci 7:213\u2013225. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11625-012-0164-6","journal-title":"Sustain Sci"},{"key":"21051_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1007\/s11244-020-01375-z","volume":"63","author":"T Narkbuakaew","year":"2020","unstructured":"Narkbuakaew T, Sujaridworakun P (2020) Synthesis of Tri-S-Triazine Based g-C3N4 Photocatalyst for Cationic Rhodamine B Degradation under Visible Light. Top. Catal. 63:1086\u20131096. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11244-020-01375-z","journal-title":"Top. Catal."},{"key":"21051_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7159","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00075","volume":"116","author":"W-J Ong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ong W-J, Tan L-L, Ng YH, Yong S-T, Chai S-P (2016) Graphitic CARBON NITRIDE (g-C3N4)-based photocatalysts for artificial photosynthesis and environmental remediation: are we a step closer to achieving sustainability? Chem Rev 116:7159\u20137329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.chemrev.6b00075","journal-title":"Chem Rev"},{"key":"21051_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jallcom.2014.11.148","volume":"626","author":"M Ou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ou M, Zhong Q, Zhang S, Yu L (2015) Ultrasound assisted synthesis of heterogeneous g-C3N4\/BiVO4 composites and their visible-light-induced photocatalytic oxidation of NO in gas phase. J All Com 626:401\u2013409. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jallcom.2014.11.148","journal-title":"J All Com"},{"issue":"14","key":"21051_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2018.08.102","volume":"43","author":"J Pan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pan J, Feng S, Zhao C, Dong Z, Wang B, Wang J, Song C, Zheng Y, Li C (2018) The enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production of the fusiform g-C3N4 modification CaTiO3 nano-heterojunction. Intl J Hyd Energy 43(14):19019\u201319028. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2018.08.102","journal-title":"Intl J Hyd Energy"},{"key":"21051_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10801","DOI":"10.1039\/c7ra02178j","volume":"21","author":"S-S Park","year":"2011","unstructured":"Park S-S, Chu S-W, Xue C, Zhao D, Ha C-S (2011) Facile synthesis of mesoporous carbon nitrides using the incipient wetness method and the application as hydrogen adsorbent. J. Mater. Chem. 21:10801\u201310807. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c7ra02178j","journal-title":"J. Mater. Chem."},{"key":"21051_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180187","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.180187","volume":"5","author":"Y Qi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Qi Y, Liang Q, Lv R, Shen W, Kang F, Huang Z-H (2018) Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of mesoporous g-C3N4\/MoS2 hybrid catalysts. R Soc Open Sci 5:180187\u2013180187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rsos.180187","journal-title":"R Soc Open Sci"},{"key":"21051_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2021.103302","volume":"43","author":"NR Reddy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reddy NR, Reddy PM, Mandal TK, Yedluri AK, Joo SW (2021) Architecture of superior hybrid electrode by the composition of Cu2O nanoflakes, novel cadmium ferrite (CdFe2O4) nanoparticles, and g-C3N4 sheets for symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors. J Energy Stor 43:103302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.est.2021.103302","journal-title":"J Energy Stor"},{"key":"21051_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700867","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201700867","volume":"13","author":"K Ren","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ren K, Yin P, Zhou Y, Cao X, Dong C, Cui L, Liu H, Du X (2017) Localized defects on copper sulfide surface for enhanced plasmon resonance and water splitting. Small 13:1700867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/smll.201700867","journal-title":"Small"},{"issue":"5","key":"21051_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1730","DOI":"10.1021\/ja411321s","volume":"136","author":"K Schwinghammer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schwinghammer K, Mesch M, Duppel V, Ziegler C, Senker J, Lotsch B (2014) Crystalline carbon nitride nanosheets for improved visible-light hydrogen evolution. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136(5):1730\u20131733. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja411321s","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"21051_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.est.2021.103302","volume":"11","author":"M Sher","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sher M, Javed M, Shahid S, Iqbal S, Qamar MA, Bahadur A, Qayyum MA (2021) The controlled synthesis of g-C3N4\/Cd-doped ZnO nanocomposites as potential photocatalysts for the disinfection and degradation of organic pollutants under visible light irradiation. RSC Advances 11:2025\u20132039. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.est.2021.103302","journal-title":"RSC Advances"},{"key":"21051_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2018.01.124","volume":"44","author":"J Shi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shi J, Chen G, Zeng G, Chen A, He K, Huang Z, Hu L, Zeng J, Wu J, Liu W (2018) Hydrothermal synthesis of graphene wrapped Fe-doped TiO2 nanospheres with high photocatalysis performance. Ceram Intl 44:7473\u20137480. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ceramint.2018.01.124","journal-title":"Ceram Intl"},{"key":"21051_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1007\/s11051-010-9934-1","volume":"13","author":"SSL Sobhana","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sobhana SSL, Devi M, Sastry T, Mandal A (2011) CdS quantum dots for measurement of the size-dependent optical properties of thiol capping. J. Nanopart. Res. 13:1747\u20131757. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11051-010-9934-1","journal-title":"J. Nanopart. Res."},{"key":"21051_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soliman SM, Almarhoon Z, El-Faham A (2019) Synthesis, Molecular and Supramolecular Structures of New Cd(II) Pincer-Type Complexes with s-Triazine Core Ligand. Crystals 9","DOI":"10.3390\/cryst9050226"},{"key":"21051_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2018.12.016","volume":"144","author":"B Song","year":"2019","unstructured":"Song B, Chen M, Ye S, Xu P, Zeng G, Gong J, Li J, Zhang P, Cao W (2019) Effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on metabolic function of the microbial community in riverine sediment contaminated with phenanthrene. Carbon 144:1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.carbon.2018.12.016","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"issue":"2","key":"21051_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1021\/am405076b","volume":"6","author":"M Tahir","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tahir M, Cao C, Butt F, Mahmood A, Idrees F, Hussain S, Tanveer M, Ali Z, Aslam I (2013) Multifunctional g-C3N4 nanofibers: a template-free fabrication and enhanced optical, electrochemical, and photocatalyst properties. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6(2):1258\u20131265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/am405076b","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"21051_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13020","DOI":"10.1039\/c0cp00611d","volume":"12","author":"K Takanabe","year":"2010","unstructured":"Takanabe K, Kamata K, Wang X, Antonietti M, Kubota J, Domen K (2010) Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution on dye-sensitized mesoporous carbon nitride photocatalyst with magnesium phthalocyanine. Phys Chem Chem Phys: PCCP 12:13020\u201313025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c0cp00611d","journal-title":"Phys Chem Chem Phys: PCCP"},{"key":"21051_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molstruc.2006.03.008","volume":"797","author":"SH Tarulli","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tarulli SH, Quinzani OV, Piro OE, Castellano EE, Baran EJ (2006) Structural and spectroscopic characterization of bis(thiosaccharinato)bis(benzimidazole)cadmium(II). J Mol Struct 797:56\u201360","journal-title":"J Mol Struct"},{"key":"21051_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10714","DOI":"10.1039\/c7dt00933j","volume":"46","author":"S Thaweesak","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thaweesak S, Wang S, Lyu M, Xiao M, Peerakiatkhajohn P, Wang L (2017) Boron-doped graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for enhanced visible-light driven photocatalytic water splitting. Dalton Trans. 46:10714\u201310720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c7dt00933j","journal-title":"Dalton Trans."},{"key":"21051_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6772","DOI":"10.1039\/c3ta15358d","volume":"2","author":"S Tonda","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tonda S, Kumar S, Kandula S, Shanker V (2014) Fe-doped and -mediated graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for enhanced photocatalytic performance under natural sunlight. J Mater Chem A: Mater Energy Sustain 2:6772. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c3ta15358d","journal-title":"J Mater Chem A: Mater Energy Sustain"},{"key":"21051_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.07.011","volume":"218","author":"Q Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang Q, Yang Z (2016) Industrial water pollution, water environment treatment, and health risks in China. Environ Pollut 218:358\u2013365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2016.07.011","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"21051_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2317","volume":"8","author":"X Wang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wang X, Maeda K, Thomas A, Takanabe K, Xin G, Carlsson J, Domen K, Antonietti M (2008) A metal-free polymeric photocatalyst for hydrogen production from water under visible light. Nature Mater 8:76\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmat2317","journal-title":"Nature Mater"},{"key":"21051_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.200802627","volume":"21","author":"X Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wang X, Chen X, Thomas A, Fu X, Antonietti M (2009a) Metal-containing carbon nitride compounds: a new functional organic\u2013metal hybrid material. Adv Mater 21:1609\u20131612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.200802627","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"21051_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1038\/nmat2317","volume":"8","author":"X Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wang X, Maeda K, Thomas A, Takanabe K, Xin G, Carlsson JM, Domen K, Antonietti M (2009b) A metal-free polymeric photocatalyst for hydrogen production from water under visible light. Nature Mater 8:76\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmat2317","journal-title":"Nature Mater"},{"key":"21051_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15503","DOI":"10.1021\/acssuschemeng.8b03965","volume":"6","author":"W Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang W, Xu P, Chen M, Zeng G, Zhang C, Zhou C, Yang Y, Huang D, Lai C, Cheng M, Hu L, Xiong W, Guo H, Zhou M (2018a) Alkali metal-assisted synthesis of graphite carbon nitride with tunable band-gap for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 6:15503\u201315516. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acssuschemeng.8b03965","journal-title":"ACS Sustain Chem Eng"},{"key":"21051_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2017.08.004","volume":"220","author":"Y Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang Y, Yang W, Chen X, Wang J, Zhu Y (2018b) Photocatalytic activity enhancement of core-shell structure g-C3N4@TiO2 via controlled ultrathin g-C3N4 layer. Appl Catal B: Environ 220:337\u2013347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apcatb.2017.08.004","journal-title":"Appl Catal B: Environ"},{"key":"21051_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2019.06.018","volume":"374","author":"Z Wang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wang Z, Chen M, Huang D, Zeng G, Xu P, Zhou C, Lai C, Wang H, Cheng M, Wang W (2019) Multiply structural optimized strategies for bismuth oxyhalide photocatalysis and their environmental application. Chem Eng J 374:1025\u20131045. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cej.2019.06.018","journal-title":"Chem Eng J"},{"key":"21051_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4135","DOI":"10.1039\/d0cs00278j","volume":"49","author":"H Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang H, Wang H, Wang Z, Tang L, Zeng G, Xu P, Chen M, Xiong T, Zhou C, Li X, Huang D, Zhu Y, Wang Z, Tang J (2020a) Covalent organic framework photocatalysts: structures and applications. Chem Soc Rev 49:4135\u20134165. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d0cs00278j","journal-title":"Chem Soc Rev"},{"key":"21051_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2020.118700","volume":"267","author":"Z Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Z, Wang H, Zeng Z, Zeng G, Xu P, Xiao R, Huang D, Chen X, He L, Zhou C, Yang Y, Wang Z, Wang W, Xiong W (2020b) Metal-organic frameworks derived Bi2O2CO3\/porous carbon nitride: a nanosized Z-scheme systems with enhanced photocatalytic activity. Appl Catal B: Environ 267:118700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apcatb.2020.118700","journal-title":"Appl Catal B: Environ"},{"key":"21051_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2021.127024","volume":"626","author":"Z Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang Z, Han W, Wang Z, Huang D, Qin H, He Y, Chen M, Zeng G, Xu P (2021) Ferrocene modified g-C3N4 as a heterogeneous catalyst for photo-assisted activation of persulfate for the degradation of tetracycline. Coll Surf A: Physicochem Eng Asp 626:127024. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2021.127024","journal-title":"Coll Surf A: Physicochem Eng Asp"},{"key":"21051_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.materresbull.2015.12.009","volume":"134","author":"Q Xiang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Xiang Q, Yu J, Jaroniec M (2012) Synergetic effect of MoS2 and graphene as cocatalysts for enhanced photocatalytic H2 production activity of TiO2 nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 134:6575\u20136578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.materresbull.2015.12.009","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"21051_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2462","DOI":"10.1021\/acscatal.5b02922","volume":"6","author":"T Xiong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xiong T, Cen W, Zhang Y, Dong F (2016) Bridging the g-C3N4 Interlayers for enhanced photocatalysis. ACS Catalysis 6(4):2462\u20132472. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acscatal.5b02922","journal-title":"ACS Catalysis"},{"key":"21051_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1039\/c9en00371a","volume":"6","author":"P Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu P, Chen M, Lai C, Zeng G, Huang D, Wang H, Gong X, Qin L, Liu Y, Mo D, Wen X, Zhou C, Wang R (2019) Effects of typical engineered nanomaterials on 4-nonylphenol degradation in river sediment: based on bacterial community and function analysis. Environ Sci: Nano 6:2171\u20132184. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c9en00371a","journal-title":"Environ Sci: Nano"},{"key":"21051_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10439","DOI":"10.1039\/c9nr02279a","volume":"11","author":"X Xue","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xue X, Chen R, Yan C, Hu Y, Zhang W, Yang S, Ma L, Zhu G, Jin Z (2019) Efficient photocatalytic nitrogen fixation under ambient conditions enabled by the heterojunctions of n-type Bi2MoO6 and oxygen-vacancy-rich p-type BiOBr. Nanoscale 11:10439\u201310445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c9nr02279a","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"21051_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10397","DOI":"10.1021\/la900923z","volume":"25","author":"S Yan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yan S, Li Z, Zou Z (2009a) Photodegradation performance of g-C3N4 fabricated by directly heating melamine. Langmuir: ACS J Surf Coll 25:10397\u201310401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/la900923z","journal-title":"Langmuir: ACS J Surf Coll"},{"key":"21051_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10397","DOI":"10.1021\/la900923z","volume":"25","author":"SC Yan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yan SC, Li ZS, Zou ZG (2009b) Photodegradation performance of g-C3N4 fabricated by directly heating melamine. Langmuir 25:10397\u201310401. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/la900923z","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"21051_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3894","DOI":"10.1021\/la904023j","volume":"26","author":"S Yan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yan S, Li Z, Zou Z (2010) Photodegradation of Rhodamine B and methyl orange over boron-doped g-C3N4 under visible light irradiation. Langmuir: ACS J Surf Coll 26:3894\u20133901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/la904023j","journal-title":"Langmuir: ACS J Surf Coll"},{"key":"21051_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2016.08.067","volume":"508","author":"J Yan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yan J, Zhou C, Li P, Chen B, Zhang S, Dong X, Xi F, Liu J (2016) Nitrogen-rich graphitic carbon nitride: controllable nanosheet-like morphology, enhanced visible light absorption and superior photocatalytic performance. Coll Surf A: Physicochem Eng Asp 508:257\u2013264. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.colsurfa.2016.08.067","journal-title":"Coll Surf A: Physicochem Eng Asp"},{"key":"21051_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.11.069","volume":"244","author":"W Yan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yan W, Yan L, Jing C (2019) Impact of doped metals on urea-derived g-C3N4 for photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics: structure, photoactivity and degradation mechanisms. Appl Catal B: Environ 244:475\u2013485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.11.069","journal-title":"Appl Catal B: Environ"},{"key":"21051_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1016\/s1388-2481(02)00429-0","volume":"4","author":"W Yang","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yang W, Wang J, Pan T, Xu J, Zhang J, Cao C-n (2002) Studies on the electrochemical characteristics of K2Sr(FeO4)2 electrode. Electrochem Commun 4:710\u2013715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1388-2481(02)00429-0","journal-title":"Electrochem Commun"},{"key":"21051_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2452","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201204453","volume":"25","author":"S Yang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yang S, Gong Y, Zhang J, Zhan L, Ma L, Fang Z, Vajtai R, Wang X, Ajayan PM (2013) Exfoliated graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets as efficient catalysts for hydrogen evolution under visible light. Adv Mater 25:2452\u20132456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.201204453","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"21051_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4063","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2015.11.078","volume":"42","author":"Y Yu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yu Y, Wang J (2015) Direct microwave synthesis of graphitic C3N4 with improved visible-light photocatalytic activity. Ceram Intl 42:4063\u20134071. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ceramint.2015.11.078","journal-title":"Ceram Intl"},{"key":"21051_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16883","DOI":"10.1039\/c3cp53131g","volume":"15","author":"J Yu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yu J, Wang S, Low J, Xiao W (2013) Enhanced photocatalytic performance of direct Z-scheme g-C3N4\u2013TiO2 photocatalysts for the decomposition of formaldehyde in air. Phys Chem Chem Phys 15:16883\u201316890. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c3cp53131g","journal-title":"Phys Chem Chem Phys"},{"key":"21051_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3396","DOI":"10.1039\/c5cc10258h","volume":"52","author":"Y Yu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yu Y, Zhou Q, Wang J (2016) Ultra-rapid synthesis of 2D graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets via direct microwave heating for field emission. Chem. Commun. 52:3396\u20133399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c5cc10258h","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"21051_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1869","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2017.11.133","volume":"334","author":"Y Yu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yu Y, Wang C, Luo L, Wang J, Meng J (2018) An environment-friendly route to synthesize pyramid-like g-C3N4 arrays for efficient degradation of rhodamine B under visible-light irradiation. Chem Eng J 334:1869\u20131877. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cej.2017.11.133","journal-title":"Chem Eng J"},{"key":"21051_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4663","DOI":"10.1039\/c4gc01517g","volume":"16","author":"Y-p Yuan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yuan Y-p, Yin L, Cao S, Gu L, Xu G, Du P, Chai H, Liao Y, Xue C (2014) Microwave-assisted heating synthesis: a general and rapid strategy for large-scale production of high crystalline g-C3N4 with enhanced photocatalytic H2 production. Green Chem. 16:4663\u20134668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c4gc01517g","journal-title":"Green Chem."},{"key":"21051_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.05.064","volume":"237","author":"J Yuan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yuan J, Liu X, Tang Y, Zeng Y, Wang L, Zhang S, Cai T, Liu Y, Luo S, Pei Y, Liu C (2018) Positioning cyanamide defects in g-C3N4: Engineering energy levels and active sites for superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Appl Catal B: Environ 237:24\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apcatb.2018.05.064","journal-title":"Appl Catal B: Environ"},{"issue":"22","key":"21051_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11170","DOI":"10.1021\/jp201991j","volume":"115","author":"L Zhang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhang L, Xia Z (2011) Mechanisms of oxygen reduction reaction on nitrogen-doped graphene for fuel cells. J Phys ChemC 115(22):11170\u201311176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jp201991j","journal-title":"J Phys ChemC"},{"key":"21051_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2009.12.132","volume":"35","author":"X Zhang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhang X, Jing D, Guo L (2010) Effects of anions on the photocatalytic H2 production performance of hydrothermally synthesized Ni-doped Cd0.1Zn0.9S photocatalysts. Intl J Hyd Energy 35:7051\u20137057. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2009.12.132","journal-title":"Intl J Hyd Energy"},{"key":"21051_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1039\/c1sc00644d","volume":"3","author":"J Zhang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zhang J, Grzelczak M, Hou Y, Maeda K, Domen K, Fu X, Antonietti M, Wang X (2012) Photocatalytic oxidation of water by polymeric carbon nitride nanohybrids made of sustainable elements. Chem Sci 3:443\u2013446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/c1sc00644d","journal-title":"Chem Sci"},{"key":"21051_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201303611","volume":"26","author":"G Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang G, Zhang M, Ye X, Qiu X, Lin S, Wang X (2014) Iodine modified carbon nitride semiconductors as visible light photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution. Adv Mater 26:805\u2013809. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/adma.201303611","journal-title":"Adv Mater"},{"key":"21051_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtice.2015.11.013","volume":"60","author":"L Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang L, Huang F, Liang C, Zhou L, Zhang X, Pang Q (2016) Ultrasound exfoliation of g-C3N4 with assistance of cadmium ions and synthesis of CdS\/g-C3N4 ultrathin nanosheets with efficient photocatalytic activity. J Taiwan Instit Chem Eng 60:643\u2013650. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jtice.2015.11.013","journal-title":"J Taiwan Instit Chem Eng"},{"key":"21051_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/27\/35\/355402","volume":"27","author":"C Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang C, Lu Y, Jiang Q, Hu J (2016a) Synthesis of CdS hollow spheres coupled with g-C3N4 as efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysts. Nanotechnology 27:355402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0957-4484\/27\/35\/355402","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"21051_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/27\/35\/355402","volume":"27","author":"C Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang C, Lu Y, Jiang Q, Hu J (2016b) Synthesis of CdS hollow spheres coupled with g-C3N4 as efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysts. Nanotechnology 27:355402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0957-4484\/27\/35\/355402","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"21051_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13934","DOI":"10.1002\/ange.201409080","volume":"53","author":"Y Zhao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Zhao F, Wang X, Xu C, Zhang Z, Shi G, Qu L (2014) Graphitic carbon nitride nanoribbons: graphene-assisted formation and synergic function for highly efficient hydrogen evolution. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 53:13934\u201313939. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ange.201409080","journal-title":"Angewandte Chemie International Edition"},{"key":"21051_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.materresbull.2012.12.038","volume":"48","author":"X Zhou","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zhou X, Jin B, Chen R, Peng F, Fang Y (2013) Synthesis of porous Fe3O4\/g-C3N4 nanospheres as highly efficient and recyclable photocatalysts. Mater. Res. Bull. 48:1447\u20131452. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.materresbull.2012.12.038","journal-title":"Mater. Res. Bull."},{"issue":"26","key":"21051_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9280","DOI":"10.1021\/ja504802q","volume":"136","author":"W Zhou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhou W, Li W, Wang J-Q, Qu Y, Yang Y, Xie Y, Zhang K, Wang L, Fu H, Zhao D (2014) Ordered mesoporous Black TiO2 as highly efficient hydrogen evolution photocatalyst. J Am Chem Soc 136(26):9280\u20139283. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/ja504802q","journal-title":"J Am Chem Soc"},{"key":"21051_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16850","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.5b04947","volume":"7","author":"Y-P Zhu","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhu Y-P, Ren T-Z, Yuan Z-Y (2015) Mesoporous phosphorus-doped g-C3N4 nanostructured flowers with superior photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. ACS Appl Mater Inter 7:16850\u201316856. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acsami.5b04947","journal-title":"ACS Appl Mater Inter"},{"key":"21051_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apcatb.2017.07.041","volume":"219","author":"J Zhu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhu J, Diao T, Wang W, Xu X, Sun X, Carabineiro SAC, Zhao Z (2017) Boron doped graphitic carbon nitride with acid-base duality for cycloaddition of carbon dioxide to epoxide under solvent-free condition. Appl Catal B: Environ 219:92\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.apcatb.2017.07.041","journal-title":"Appl Catal B: Environ"},{"key":"21051_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1007\/s10853-019-03384-0","volume":"54","author":"J Zou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zou J, Yu Y, Yan W, Meng J, Zhang S, Wang J (2019) A facile route to synthesize boron-doped g-C3N4 nanosheets with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity. J Mater Sci 54:867\u20136881. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10853-019-03384-0","journal-title":"J Mater Sci"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-022-21051-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-022-21051-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-022-21051-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T12:45:42Z","timestamp":1665405942000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-022-21051-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"49","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["21051"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-022-21051-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-1344","1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-1344","type":"print"},{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 December 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 May 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}