{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T16:51:02Z","timestamp":1781715062636,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"52","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655164800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-21206-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T22:02:33Z","timestamp":1655244153000},"page":"78821-78831","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Short-term associations of ambient air pollution with hospital admissions for ischemic stroke in 97 Japanese cities"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2482-6520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kohei","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teruomi","family":"Tsukahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuo","family":"Nomiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"21206_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000152528.22746.0f","volume":"16","author":"HR Anderson","year":"2005","unstructured":"Anderson HR, Atkinson RW, Peacock JL et al (2005) Ambient particulate matter and health effects: publication bias in studies of short-term associations. Epidemiology 16:155\u2013163. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ede.0000152528.22746.0f","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"21206_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3727-0","volume":"18","author":"T Ando","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ando T, Ooba N, Mochizuki M et al (2018) Positive predictive value of ICD-10 codes for acute myocardial infarction in Japan: a validation study at a single center. BMC Health Serv Res 18:895. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12913-018-3727-0","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"21206_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0129423","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0129423","volume":"10","author":"S Bae","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bae S, Lim Y-H, Kashima S et al (2015) Non-linear concentration-response relationships between ambient ozone and daily mortality. PLoS ONE 10:e0129423. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0129423","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"21206_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8674","volume":"114","author":"AG Barnett","year":"2006","unstructured":"Barnett AG, Williams GM, Schwartz J et al (2006) The effects of air pollution on hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseasein elderly people in Australian and New Zealand cities. Environ Health Perspect 114:1018\u20131023. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.8674","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"21206_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-010-0100-z","volume":"12","author":"AM Briones","year":"2010","unstructured":"Briones AM, Touyz RM (2010) Oxidative stress and hypertension: current concepts. Curr Hypertens Rep 12:135\u2013142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11906-010-0100-z","journal-title":"Curr Hypertens Rep"},{"key":"21206_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi835","volume":"27","author":"C-C Chan","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chan C-C, Chuang K-J, Chien L-C et al (2006) Urban air pollution and emergency admissions for cerebrovascular diseases in Taipei. Taiwan Eur Heart J 27:1238\u20131244. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi835","journal-title":"Taiwan Eur Heart J"},{"key":"21206_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15634","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000015634","volume":"98","author":"C Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen C, Wang X, Lv C et al (2019) The effect of air pollution on hospitalization of individuals with respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Jinan. China Medicine (baltimore) 98:e15634. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MD.0000000000015634","journal-title":"China Medicine (baltimore)"},{"key":"21206_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr425","volume":"175","author":"R Chen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chen R, Kan H, Chen B et al (2012) Association of particulate air pollution with daily mortality: the China Air Pollution and Health Effects Study. Am J Epidemiol 175:1173\u20131181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwr425","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"21206_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201609-1862OC","volume":"196","author":"R Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen R, Yin P, Meng X et al (2017) Fine particulate air pollution and daily mortality. a nationwide analysis in 272 Chinese cities. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 196:73\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.201609-1862OC","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"21206_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.12.058","volume":"255","author":"P Collart","year":"2018","unstructured":"Collart P, Dubourg D, Lev\u00eaque A et al (2018) Short-term effects of nitrogen dioxide on hospital admissions for cardiovascular disease in Wallonia, Belgium. Int J Cardiol 255:231\u2013236. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2017.12.058","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"21206_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.295.10.1127","volume":"295","author":"F Dominici","year":"2006","unstructured":"Dominici F, Peng RD, Bell ML et al (2006) Fine particulate air pollution and hospital admission for cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. JAMA 295:1127\u20131134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.295.10.1127","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"21206_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1982.00510230018006","volume":"39","author":"M Fisher","year":"1982","unstructured":"Fisher M, Levine PH, Fullerton AL et al (1982) Marker proteins of platelet activation in patients with cerebrovascular disease. Arch Neurol 39:692\u2013695. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/archneur.1982.00510230018006","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"21206_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Fukai K, Nagata T, Mori K, et al (2020) Validation of self\u2010reported medication use for hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia among employees of large\u2010sized companies in Japan. J Occup Health 62. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/1348-9585.12138","DOI":"10.1002\/1348-9585.12138"},{"key":"21206_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136896","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136896","volume":"715","author":"J Gu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gu J, Shi Y, Chen N et al (2020) Ambient fine particulate matter and hospital admissions for ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes and transient ischemic attack in 248 Chinese cities. Sci Total Environ 715:136896. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.136896","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"21206_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20200288","volume":"31","author":"K Hayashida","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hayashida K, Murakami G, Matsuda S, Fushimi K (2021) History and profile of Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC): development of a real data collection system for acute inpatient care in Japan. J Epidemiol 31:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2188\/jea.JE20200288","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"key":"21206_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2018.06.037","volume":"72","author":"AFW Ho","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ho AFW, Zheng H, De Silva DA et al (2018) The relationship between ambient air pollution and acute ischemic stroke: a time-stratified case-crossover study in a city-state with seasonal exposure to the Southeast Asian haze problem. Ann Emerg Med 72:591\u2013601. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.annemergmed.2018.06.037","journal-title":"Ann Emerg Med"},{"key":"21206_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ede.0000081999.15060.ae","volume":"14","author":"F Holgu\u00edn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Holgu\u00edn F, T\u00e9llez-Rojo MM, Hern\u00e1ndez M et al (2003) Air pollution and heart rate variability among the elderly in Mexico City. Epidemiology 14:521\u2013527. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.ede.0000081999.15060.ae","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"21206_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.02110187","volume":"110","author":"Y-C Hong","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hong Y-C, Lee J-T, Kim H et al (2002) Effects of air pollutants on acute stroke mortality. Environ Health Perspect 110:187\u2013191. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.02110187","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"21206_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E189","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14020189","volume":"14","author":"F Huang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huang F, Luo Y, Tan P et al (2017) Gaseous air pollution and the risk for stroke admissions: a case-crossover study in Beijing, China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14:E189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph14020189","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"21206_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1688","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10915","volume":"105","author":"M Ishimaru","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ishimaru M, Matsui H, Ono S et al (2018) Preoperative oral care and effect on postoperative complications after major cancer surgery: preoperative oral care and postoperative complications after major cancer surgery. Br J Surg 105:1688\u20131696. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bjs.10915","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"21206_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.3390\/atmos12081072","volume":"12","author":"A Ito","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ito A, Wakamatsu S, Morikawa T, Kobayashi S (2021) 30 years of air quality trends in Japan. Atmosphere 12:1072. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/atmos12081072","journal-title":"Atmosphere"},{"key":"21206_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S45","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jes.7500627","volume":"17","author":"K Ito","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ito K, Thurston GD, Silverman RA (2007) Characterization of PM2.5, gaseous pollutants, and meteorological interactions in the context of time-series health effects models. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 17:S45\u2013S60. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.jes.7500627","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"21206_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Izumi K, Morimoto K, Hasegawa N, et al (2018) Epidemiology of adults and children treated for nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease in Japan. Ann Am Thorac Soc AnnalsATS.201806\u2013366OC. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201806-366OC","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201806-366OC"},{"key":"21206_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0900942","volume":"118","author":"L Jacobs","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jacobs L, Emmerechts J, Mathieu C et al (2010) Air pollution\u2013related prothrombotic changes in persons with diabetes. Environ Health Perspect 118:191\u2013196. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.0900942","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"21206_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.20.1.38","volume":"20","author":"R Joseph","year":"1989","unstructured":"Joseph R, D\u2019Andrea G, Oster SB, Welch KM (1989) Whole blood platelet function in acute ischemic stroke. Importance of dense body secretion and effects of antithrombotic agents. Stroke 20:38\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.STR.20.1.38","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"21206_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2007.07.025","volume":"387","author":"S Larrieu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Larrieu S, Jusot J-F, Blanchard M et al (2007) Short term effects of air pollution on hospitalizations for cardiovascular diseases in eight French cities: the PSAS program. Sci Total Environ 387:105\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2007.07.025","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"21206_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.56.10.773","volume":"56","author":"A Le Tertre","year":"2002","unstructured":"Le Tertre A (2002) Short-term effects of particulate air pollution on cardiovascular diseases in eight European cities. J Epidemiol Community Health 56:773\u2013779. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/jech.56.10.773","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"21206_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.5853\/jos.2017.02894","volume":"20","author":"KK Lee","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lee KK, Miller MR, Shah ASV (2018) Air pollution and stroke. J. Stroke 20:2\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5853\/jos.2017.02894","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"21206_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh109","volume":"159","author":"D Liao","year":"2004","unstructured":"Liao D (2004) Association of higher levels of ambient criteria pollutants with impaired cardiac autonomic control: a population-based study. Am J Epidemiol 159:768\u2013777. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwh109","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"21206_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn464","volume":"29","author":"AJ Lucking","year":"2008","unstructured":"Lucking AJ, Lundback M, Mills NL et al (2008) Diesel exhaust inhalation increases thrombus formation in man. Eur Heart J 29:3043\u20133051. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehn464","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"21206_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3032","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015303","volume":"47","author":"R Matsuo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Matsuo R, Michikawa T, Ueda K et al (2016) Short-term exposure to fine particulate matter and risk of ischemic stroke. Stroke 47:3032\u20133034. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.116.015303","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"21206_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20180122","volume":"29","author":"T Michikawa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Michikawa T, Ueda K, Takami A et al (2019) Japanese Nationwide Study on the association between short-term exposure to particulate matter and mortality. J Epidemiol 29:471\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2188\/jea.JE20180122","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"key":"21206_CR33","unstructured":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (2015) Methods for identifying one principle diagnose. https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/content\/12400000\/000681207.xls. Accessed 1 Feb 2022"},{"key":"21206_CR34","unstructured":"Ministry of the Environment (2010) Continuous monitoring manual for atmosphere environment, 6th edition. http:\/\/www.env.go.jp\/air\/osen\/manual_6th\/index.html. Accessed 1 Feb 2022"},{"key":"21206_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2015.48","volume":"26","author":"JA Montresor-L\u00f3pez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Montresor-L\u00f3pez JA, Yanosky JD, Mittleman MA et al (2016) Short-term exposure to ambient ozone and stroke hospital admission: a case-crossover analysis. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 26:162\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jes.2015.48","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"21206_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32152-9","volume":"390","author":"M Naghavi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Naghavi M, Abajobir AA, Abbafati C et al (2017) Global, regional, and national age-sex specific mortality for 264 causes of death, 1980\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet 390:1151\u20131210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32152-9","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"21206_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/s12199-021-00937-1","volume":"26","author":"Z Niu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Niu Z, Liu F, Yu H et al (2021) Association between exposure to ambient air pollution and hospital admission, incidence, and mortality of stroke: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of more than 23 million participants. Environ Health Prev Med 26:15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12199-021-00937-1","journal-title":"Environ Health Prev Med"},{"key":"21206_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3182126580","volume":"22","author":"MJ O\u2019Donnell","year":"2011","unstructured":"O\u2019Donnell MJ, Fang J, Mittleman MA et al (2011) Fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) and the risk of acute ischemic stroke. Epidemiology 22:422\u2013431. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3182126580","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"21206_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20180096","volume":"29","author":"Y Okumura","year":"2019","unstructured":"Okumura Y, Sugiyama N, Noda T, Tachimori H (2019) Psychiatric admissions and length of stay during fiscal years 2014 and 2015 in Japan: a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide claims database. J Epidemiol 29:288\u2013294. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2188\/jea.JE20180096","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"key":"21206_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901778","volume":"118","author":"SK Park","year":"2010","unstructured":"Park SK, Auchincloss AH, O\u2019Neill MS et al (2010) Particulate air pollution, metabolic syndrome, and heart rate variability: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Environ Health Perspect 118:1406\u20131411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.0901778","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"21206_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7447","volume":"113","author":"SK Park","year":"2005","unstructured":"Park SK, O\u2019Neill MS, Vokonas PS et al (2005) Effects of air pollution on heart rate variability: the VA normative aging study. Environ Health Perspect 113:304\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.7447","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"21206_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00181-020-01875-7","volume":"60","author":"MH Pesaran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pesaran MH (2021) General diagnostic tests for cross-sectional dependence in panels. Empir Econ 60:13\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00181-020-01875-7","journal-title":"Empir Econ"},{"key":"21206_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2019-106301","volume":"77","author":"X Qi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Qi X, Wang Z, Guo X et al (2020) Short-term effects of outdoor air pollution on acute ischaemic stroke occurrence: a case-crossover study in Tianjin, China. Occup Environ Med 77:862\u2013867. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oemed-2019-106301","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"21206_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7387","volume":"113","author":"E Samoli","year":"2005","unstructured":"Samoli E, Analitis A, Touloumi G et al (2005) Estimating the exposure\u2013response relationships between particulate matter and mortality within the APHEA Multicity Project. Environ Health Perspect 113:88\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.7387","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"21206_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1012","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.58.12.1012","volume":"58","author":"A Seaton","year":"2003","unstructured":"Seaton A (2003) Hypothesis: Ill health associated with low concentrations of nitrogen dioxide\u2013an effect of ultrafine particles? Thorax 58:1012\u20131015. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/thorax.58.12.1012","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"21206_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5429","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.8362","volume":"38","author":"F Sera","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sera F, Armstrong B, Blangiardo M, Gasparrini A (2019) An extended mixed-effects framework for meta-analysis. Stat Med 38:5429\u20135444. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.8362","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"21206_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"h1295","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.h1295","volume":"350","author":"ASV Shah","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shah ASV, Lee KK, McAllister DA et al (2015) Short term exposure to air pollution and stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 350:h1295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.h1295","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"21206_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stafoggia M, Renzi M, Forastiere F, et al (2020) Short-term effects of particulate matter on cardiovascular morbidity in Italy: a national analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol zwaa084. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaa084","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwaa084"},{"key":"21206_CR49","unstructured":"Statistics Bureau, Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (2021) Population Census. https:\/\/www.stat.go.jp\/english\/data\/kokusei\/index.html. Accessed 1 Feb 2022"},{"key":"21206_CR50","unstructured":"The Japan Meteorological Agency (2021) General Information on Climate of Japan. https:\/\/www.data.jma.go.jp\/gmd\/cpd\/longfcst\/en\/tourist.html. Accessed 1 Feb 2022"},{"key":"21206_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1002668","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002668","volume":"15","author":"Y Tian","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tian Y, Liu H, Zhao Z et al (2018) Association between ambient air pollution and daily hospital admissions for ischemic stroke: a nationwide time-series analysis. PLOS Med 15:e1002668. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002668","journal-title":"PLOS Med"},{"key":"21206_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.E529","volume":"14","author":"H Ueshima","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ueshima H (2007) Explanation for the Japanese Paradox: prevention of increase in coronary heart disease and reduction in stroke. J Atheroscler Thromb 14:278\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5551\/jat.E529","journal-title":"J Atheroscler Thromb"},{"key":"21206_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e542","DOI":"10.1016\/S2542-5196(21)00145-5","volume":"5","author":"JI Verhoeven","year":"2021","unstructured":"Verhoeven JI, Allach Y, Vaartjes ICH et al (2021) Ambient air pollution and the risk of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke. Lancet Planet Health 5:e542\u2013e552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2542-5196(21)00145-5","journal-title":"Lancet Planet Health"},{"key":"21206_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vicedo-Cabrera AM, Sera F, Liu C, et al (2020) Short term association between ozone and mortality: global two stage time series study in 406 locations in 20 countries. BMJ m108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.m108","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m108"},{"key":"21206_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Viechtbauer W (2010) Conducting meta-analyses in R with the metafor Package. J Stat Softw 36. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v036.i03","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v036.i03"},{"key":"21206_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.05.002","volume":"430","author":"PJ Villeneuve","year":"2012","unstructured":"Villeneuve PJ, Johnson JYM, Pasichnyk D et al (2012) Short-term effects of ambient air pollution on stroke: who is most vulnerable? Sci Total Environ 430:193\u2013201. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2012.05.002","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"21206_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000189687.78760.47","volume":"36","author":"GA Wellenius","year":"2005","unstructured":"Wellenius GA, Schwartz J, Mittleman MA (2005) Air pollution and hospital admissions for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke among Medicare beneficiaries. Stroke 36:2549\u20132553. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.STR.0000189687.78760.47","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"21206_CR58","unstructured":"WHO Global Health Observatory (2020) Global Health Estimates: life expectancy and leading causes of death and disability. https:\/\/www.who.int\/data\/gho\/data\/themes\/mortality-and-global-health-estimates\/ghe-leading-causes-of-death. Accessed 1 Feb 2020"},{"key":"21206_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s11869-014-0249-8","volume":"7","author":"ML Williams","year":"2014","unstructured":"Williams ML, Atkinson RW, Anderson HR, Kelly FJ (2014) Associations between daily mortality in London and combined oxidant capacity, ozone and nitrogen dioxide. Air Qual Atmosphere Health 7:407\u2013414. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11869-014-0249-8","journal-title":"Air Qual Atmosphere Health"},{"key":"21206_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0000000000002222","volume":"63","author":"C-P Yang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yang C-P, Li C-Y, Huang W-J et al (2021) Short-, mid-, and long-term associations between PM2.5 and stroke incidence in Taiwan. J Occup Environ Med 63:742\u2013751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JOM.0000000000002222","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"21206_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1097\/JOM.0b013e3182099175","volume":"53","author":"T Yorifuji","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yorifuji T, Kawachi I, Sakamoto T, Doi H (2011) Associations of outdoor air pollution with hemorrhagic stroke mortality. J Occup Environ Med 53:124\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JOM.0b013e3182099175","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Med"},{"key":"21206_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"898","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0800108","volume":"117","author":"A Zanobetti","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zanobetti A, Schwartz J (2009) The effect of fine and coarse particulate air pollution on mortality: a national analysis. Environ Health Perspect 117:898\u2013903. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.0800108","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"21206_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.00108419","volume":"108","author":"SL Zeger","year":"2000","unstructured":"Zeger SL, Thomas D, Dominici F et al (2000) Exposure measurement error in time-series studies of air pollution: concepts and consequences. Environ Health Perspect 108:419\u2013426. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.00108419","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"21206_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj116","volume":"163","author":"A Zeka","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zeka A, Zanobetti A, Schwartz J (2006) Individual-level modifiers of the effects of particulate matter on daily mortality. Am J Epidemiol 163:849\u2013859. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwj116","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-022-21206-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-022-21206-w\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-022-21206-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,21]],"date-time":"2022-10-21T21:35:54Z","timestamp":1666388154000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-022-21206-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"52","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["21206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-022-21206-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["0944-1344","1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0944-1344","type":"print"},{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 March 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 May 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 June 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Committee for Medical Ethics of Shinshu University School of Medicine (protocol code: 4550; date of approval: 13 November 2019).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}