{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T15:24:10Z","timestamp":1789226650552,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-24956-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T06:02:41Z","timestamp":1672120961000},"page":"37440-37448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["LSTM model for predicting the daily number of asthma patients in Seoul, South Korea, using meteorological and air pollution data"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0136-3893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Munyoung","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunseo","family":"Ku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"24956_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akiba T, Sano S, Yanase T, Ohta T, Koyama M (2019) Optuna: a next-generation hyperparameter optimization framework, Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining 2623\u20132631","DOI":"10.1145\/3292500.3330701"},{"key":"24956_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1177\/1932296815620200","volume":"10","author":"JP Anderson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Anderson JP, Parikh JR, Shenfeld DK, Ivanov V, Marks C, Church BW, Laramie JM, Mardekian J, Piper BA, Willke RJ, Rublee DA (2015) Reverse engineering and evaluation of prediction models for progression to type 2 diabetes: an application of machine learning using electronic health records. J Diabetes Sci Technol 10:6\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1932296815620200","journal-title":"J Diabetes Sci Technol"},{"key":"24956_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barros B, Lacerda P, Albuquerque C, Conci A (2021) Pulmonary COVID-19: learning spatiotemporal features combining CNN and LSTM networks for lung ultrasound video classification. Sensors (Basel) 2110.3390\/s21165486","DOI":"10.3390\/s21165486"},{"key":"24956_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1109\/72.279181","volume":"5","author":"Y Bengio","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bengio Y, Simard P, Frasconi P (1994) Learning long-term dependencies with gradient descent is difficult. IEEE Trans Neural Netw 5:157\u2013166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/72.279181","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Neural Netw"},{"key":"24956_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-022-01960-8","volume":"23","author":"Y Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen Y, Kong D, Fu J, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Liu Y, Chang Z, Liu Y, Liu X, Xu K, Jiang C, Fan Z (2022) Associations between ambient temperature and adult asthma hospitalizations in Beijing, China: a time-stratified case-crossover study. Respir Res 23:38. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12931-022-01960-8","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"24956_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen T, Guestrin C (2016) XGBoost: a scalable tree boosting system. arXiv 1603, 02754v02753","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939785"},{"key":"24956_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2021.120652","volume":"268","author":"J Cheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cheng J, Sun J, Yao K, Xu M, Cao Y (2022) A variable selection method based on mutual information and variance inflation factor. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 268:120652. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.saa.2021.120652","journal-title":"Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc"},{"key":"24956_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-008-0020-z","volume":"8","author":"AA Cruz","year":"2008","unstructured":"Cruz AA, Togias A (2008) Upper airways reactions to cold air. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 8:111\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11882-008-0020-z","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"24956_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2012.06.017","volume":"106","author":"JM Driessen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Driessen JM, van der Palen J, van Aalderen WM, de Jongh FH, Thio BJ (2012) Inspiratory airflow limitation after exercise challenge in cold air in asthmatic children. Respir Med 106:1362\u20131368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2012.06.017","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"24956_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21056","volume":"542","author":"A Esteva","year":"2017","unstructured":"Esteva A, Kuprel B, Novoa RA, Ko J, Swetter SM, Blau HM, Thrun S (2017) Dermatologist-level classification of skin cancer with deep neural networks. Nature 542:115\u2013118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature21056","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"24956_CR11","unstructured":"Global Asthma Network (2018) The global asthma report 2018, Auckland, New Zealand"},{"key":"24956_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(14)60617-6","volume":"383","author":"M Guarnieri","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guarnieri M, Balmes JR (2014) Outdoor air pollution and asthma. Lancet 383:1581\u20131592. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(14)60617-6","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"24956_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016511","volume":"6","author":"Y Guo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Guo Y, Barnett AG, Yu W, Pan X, Ye X, Huang C, Tong S (2011) A large change in temperature between neighbouring days increases the risk of mortality. PLoS ONE 6:e16511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0016511","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"24956_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735","volume":"9","author":"S Hochreiter","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hochreiter S, Schmidhuber J (1997) Long short-term memory. Neural Comput 9:1735\u20131780. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/neco.1997.9.8.1735","journal-title":"Neural Comput"},{"key":"24956_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2013.10.019","volume":"108","author":"H Hyrk\u00e4s","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hyrk\u00e4s H, Jaakkola MS, Ik\u00e4heimo TM, Hugg TT, Jaakkola JJ (2014) Asthma and allergic rhinitis increase respiratory symptoms in cold weather among young adults. Respir Med 108:63\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2013.10.019","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"24956_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.02.005","volume":"113","author":"H Hyrk\u00e4s","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hyrk\u00e4s H, Ik\u00e4heimo TM, Jaakkola JJ, Jaakkola MS (2016) Asthma control and cold weather-related respiratory symptoms. Respir Med 113:1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.rmed.2016.02.005","journal-title":"Respir Med"},{"key":"24956_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa8415","volume":"349","author":"MI Jordan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jordan MI, Mitchell TM (2015) Machine learning: trends, perspectives, and prospects. Science 349:255\u2013260. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaa8415","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"24956_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.07.032","volume":"135","author":"J Kim","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kim J, Lim Y, Kim H (2014) Outdoor temperature changes and emergency department visits for asthma in Seoul, Korea: a time-series study. Environ Res 135:15\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2014.07.032","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"24956_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.3402\/ijch.v66i2.18237","volume":"66","author":"HO Koskela","year":"2007","unstructured":"Koskela HO (2007) Cold air-provoked respiratory symptoms: the mechanisms and management. Int J Circumpolar Health 66:91\u2013100. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3402\/ijch.v66i2.18237","journal-title":"Int J Circumpolar Health"},{"key":"24956_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2088","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08122088","volume":"8","author":"H Koskela","year":"1995","unstructured":"Koskela H, Tukiainen H (1995) Facial cooling, but not nasal breathing of cold air, induces bronchoconstriction: a study in asthmatic and healthy subjects. Eur Respir J 8:2088\u20132093. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/09031936.95.08122088","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"24956_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idm.2021.11.004","volume":"7","author":"O Krivorotko","year":"2022","unstructured":"Krivorotko O, Sosnovskaia M, Vashchenko I, Kerr C, Lesnic D (2022) Agent-based modeling of COVID-19 outbreaks for New York state and UK: parameter identification algorithm. Infect Dis Model 7:30\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.idm.2021.11.004","journal-title":"Infect Dis Model"},{"key":"24956_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315108230","volume-title":"Feature engineering and selection: a practical approach for predictive models","author":"M Kuhn","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kuhn M, Johnson K (2019) Feature engineering and selection: a practical approach for predictive models. Chapman & Hall\/CRC, London"},{"key":"24956_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lacerda P, Barros B, Albuquerque C, Conci A (2021) Hyperparameter optimization for COVID-19 pneumonia diagnosis based on chest CT. Sensors (Basel) 2110.3390\/s21062174","DOI":"10.3390\/s21062174"},{"key":"24956_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1097","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-208054","volume":"71","author":"HC Lam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lam HC, Li AM, Chan EY, Goggins WB 3rd (2016) The short-term association between asthma hospitalisations, ambient temperature, other meteorological factors and air pollutants in Hong Kong: a time-series study. Thorax 71:1097\u20131109. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2015-208054","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"24956_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.4168\/aair.2020.12.3.467","volume":"12","author":"E Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee E, Kim A, Ye YM, Choi SE, Park HS (2020) Increasing prevalence and mortality of asthma with age in Korea, 2002\u20132015: a nationwide, population-based study. Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 12:467\u2013484. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4168\/aair.2020.12.3.467","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Immunol Res"},{"key":"24956_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066403","volume":"8","author":"H Lin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lin H, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Xu X, Liu T, Luo Y, Xiao J, Wu W, Ma W (2013) Temperature changes between neighboring days and mortality in summer: a distributed lag non-linear time series analysis. PLoS ONE 8:e66403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0066403","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"24956_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013034","volume":"7","author":"L Liu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liu L, Pan Y, Zhu Y, Song Y, Su X, Yang L, Li M (2017) Association between rhinovirus wheezing illness and the development of childhood asthma: a meta-analysis. BMJ Open 7:e013034. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013034","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"24956_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-019-1092-0","volume":"20","author":"F Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu F, Qu F, Zhang H, Chao L, Li R, Yu F, Guan J, Yan X (2019) The effect and burden modification of heating on adult asthma hospitalizations in Shijiazhuang: a time-series analysis. Respir Res 20:122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12931-019-1092-0","journal-title":"Respir Res"},{"key":"24956_CR29","unstructured":"Lundberg SM LS-I (2017) A unified approach to interpreting model predictions. Adv Neural Inf Process Syst 30 [Internet], 4765\u20134774"},{"key":"24956_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.puhe.2011.02.014","volume":"125","author":"S N\u00e4yh\u00e4","year":"2011","unstructured":"N\u00e4yh\u00e4 S, Hassi J, Jousilahti P, Laatikainen T, Ik\u00e4heimo TM (2011) Cold-related symptoms among the healthy and sick of the general population: national FINRISK study data, 2002. Public Health 125:380\u2013388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.puhe.2011.02.014","journal-title":"Public Health"},{"key":"24956_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0174050","volume":"12","author":"P Orellano","year":"2017","unstructured":"Orellano P, Quaranta N, Reynoso J, Balbi B, Vasquez J (2017) Effect of outdoor air pollution on asthma exacerbations in children and adults: systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 12:e0174050. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0174050","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"24956_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02730-2021","author":"HK Reddel","year":"2021","unstructured":"Reddel HK et al (2021) Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) strategy 2021 - executive summary and rationale for key changes. Eur Respir J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/13993003.02730-2021","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"24956_CR33","volume-title":"The Shapley value : essays in honor of Lloyd S","author":"LS Shapley","year":"1988","unstructured":"Shapley LS, Roth AE (1988) The Shapley value\u202f: essays in honor of Lloyd S. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge Cambridgeshire. New York, Shapley"},{"key":"24956_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874-019-0681-4","volume":"19","author":"JAM Sidey-Gibbons","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sidey-Gibbons JAM, Sidey-Gibbons CJ (2019) Machine learning in medicine: a practical introduction. BMC Med Res Methodol 19:64. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12874-019-0681-4","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"24956_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Taussig LM, Wright AL, Holberg CJ, Halonen M, Morgan WJ, Martinez FD (2003) Tucson children\u2019s respiratory study: 1980 to present. J Allergy Clin Immunol 111, 661\u2013675; quiz 676. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1067\/mai.2003.162","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.162"},{"key":"24956_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6212","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17176212","volume":"17","author":"AI Tiotiu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tiotiu AI, Novakova P, Nedeva D, Chong-Neto HJ, Novakova S, Steiropoulos P, Kowal K (2020) Impact of air pollution on asthma outcomes. Int J Environ Res Public Health 17:6212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph17176212","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"24956_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1858","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031858","volume":"19","author":"YT Tsan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tsan YT, Chen DY, Liu PY, Kristiani E, Nguyen KLP, Yang CT (2022) The prediction of influenza-like illness and respiratory disease using LSTM and ARIMA. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19:1858. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19031858","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 7","key":"24956_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S123","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws326","volume":"176","author":"EA Wasilevich","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wasilevich EA, Rabito F, Lefante J, Johnson E (2012) Short-term outdoor temperature change and emergency department visits for asthma among children: a case-crossover study. Am J Epidemiol 176(Suppl 7):S123-130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kws326","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"24956_CR39","unstructured":"Winastwan R (2021) Hyperparameter tuning of neural networks with Optuna and PyTorch. Towards Data Science. https:\/\/towardsdatascience.com\/hyperparameter-tuning-of-neural-networks-with-optuna-and-pytorch-22e179efc837. Accessed 2 Aug\u00a02022"},{"key":"24956_CR40","volume-title":"Time series prediction walking with deep learning. Stock price prediction practice with Python, Keras, and TensorFlow","author":"YS Yun","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yun YS (2020) Time series prediction walking with deep learning. Stock price prediction practice with Python, Keras, and TensorFlow. BJPUBLIC, Seoul\u00a0(in Korean)"},{"key":"24956_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102475","volume":"9","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Peng L, Kan H, Xu J, Chen R, Liu Y, Wang W (2014) Effects of meteorological factors on daily hospital admissions for asthma in adults: a time-series analysis. PLoS ONE 9:e102475. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0102475","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"24956_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56892","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-14632-9","volume":"28","author":"D Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao D, Chen M, Shi K, Ma M, Huang Y, Shen J (2021) A long short-term memory-fully connected (LSTM-FC) neural network for predicting the incidence of bronchopneumonia in children. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 28:56892\u201356905. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-021-14632-9","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-022-24956-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-022-24956-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-022-24956-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,25]],"date-time":"2023-03-25T09:21:53Z","timestamp":1679736113000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-022-24956-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"13","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]}},"alternative-id":["24956"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-022-24956-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 August 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 December 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 December 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chung-Ang University Hospital (2111\u2013050-19393).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}