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Initially, MLE and OLE were characterized using gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry (GC\/MS). Then, forty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups: the negative control group orally received distilled water for 35\u00a0days, the PTL-treated group (PTG) received 500\u00a0mg PTL\/kg b. wt. for 7\u00a0days, the MLE-treated group (MLTG) received 400\u00a0mg MLE\/kg b. wt., the OLE-treated group (OLTG) received 400\u00a0mg OLE\/kg b. wt., and the silymarin-treated group (STG) received 100\u00a0mg silymarin\/kg b. wt. The last three groups received the treatment for 28\u00a0days, then PTL for 7\u00a0days. The GC\u2013MS characterization revealed that MLE comprised 19 constituents dominated by ethyl linoleate, phytol, hexadecanoic acid, ethyl ester, and squalene. Moreover, OLE comprised 30 components, and the major components were 11-eicosenoic acid, oleic acid, phytol, and \u00e0-tetralone. MLE and OLE significantly corrected the PTL-induced normocytic normochromic anemia, leukocytosis, hypercholesterolemia, and hypoproteinemia. Moreover, the MLE and OLE pretreatment considerably suppressed the PTL-induced increment in serum levels of hepatic enzymes, including alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase. Furthermore, the PTL-induced depletion in antioxidant enzymes, including glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase, and the rise in hepatic malondialdehyde content were significantly reversed by the MLE and OLE pretreatment. Besides, MLE and OLE pretreatment significantly protected the hepatic tissue against PTL-induced DNA damage, pathological perturbations, and increased caspase 3 and CYP2E1 immunoexpression. Of note, OLTG showed better enhancement of most indices rather than MLTG. Conclusively, these findings imply that OLE, with its antioxidant and antiapoptotic capabilities, is superior to MLE in protecting against PTL-induced liver injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-25152-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,13]],"date-time":"2023-01-13T13:19:42Z","timestamp":1673615982000},"page":"41682-41699","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The palliative effect of mulberry leaf and olive leaf ethanolic extracts on hepatic CYP2E1 and caspase-3 immunoexpression and oxidative damage induced by paracetamol in male rats"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Hosny Abd El","family":"Fadil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amany","family":"Behairy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lamiaa L. 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