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The impact of individual and combinatory effects of operational variables was evaluated for the first time using central composite design (CCD). Simultaneous removal of both drugs was maximized utilizing the composite desirability function. At low concentrations, the uptake of PRO and PMT from their individual solutions was achieved with high efficiency of 98.64%, 47.20\u00a0mg\/g and 95.87%, 38.16\u00a0mg\/g, respectively. No major differences in the removal capacity were observed for the binary mixtures. Characterization of BC-OTPR confirmed successful adsorption and showed that the OTPR surface was predominantly mesoporous. Equilibrium investigations revealed that the Langmuir isotherm model best describes the sorption of PRO\/PMT from their individual solutions with maximum adsorption capacities of 640.7 and 346.95\u00a0mg\/g, respectively. The sorption of PRO\/PMT conforms to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Regeneration of the adsorbent surface was successfully done with desorption efficiencies of 94.06% and 98.54% for PRO and PMT, respectively, for six cycles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Graphical abstract<\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-27688-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T06:01:36Z","timestamp":1686895296000},"page":"82387-82405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Competitive adsorptive removal of promazine and promethazine from wastewater using olive tree pruning biochar: operational parameters, kinetics, and equilibrium investigations"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Marwa","family":"El-Azazy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed S.","family":"El-Shafie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samer","family":"Fawzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Rooney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2788-7839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed I.","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"27688_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213096","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2019.213096","volume":"403","author":"MIA Abdel Maksoud","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abdel Maksoud MIA, Elgarahy AM, Farrell C, AaH A-M, Rooney DW, Osman AI (2020) Insight on water remediation application using magnetic nanomaterials and biosorbents. 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