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The present study aims to measure the bioaccumulation factor of the manganese (Mn) heavy metal in\n                    <jats:italic>Biomphalaria alexandrina<\/jats:italic>\n                    snails\u2019 tissues and water samples. The current results showed the concentration of Mn heavy metal in water (87.5 mg\/l) and its bioaccumulation factor in\n                    <jats:italic>Helisoma duryi<\/jats:italic>\n                    tissue was higher than that in tissues of\n                    <jats:italic>Physa acuta<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>B. alexandrina<\/jats:italic>\n                    snails. Results showed that 87.5 mg\/l Mn concentration had miracidicidal and cercaricidal activities. Also, this concentration decreased the mean total number of the hemocytes after exposure for 24 h or 48 h, while increasing both the mean mortality and phagocytic indices of the hemocytes of exposed snails. It caused alterations in the cytomorphology of the hemocytes of exposed snails after 24 or 48 h, where the granulocytes had irregular cell membranes and formed pseudopodia. Besides, levels of testosterone (T) and estradiol (E) were increased after exposure to 87.5 mg\/l Mn metal compared to the control group. Also, it increased MDA (malonaldehyde) and TAC (total antioxidant capacity) contents, while decreasing SOD (superoxide dismutase). Besides, it caused significant histopathological damages in both hermaphrodite and digestive glands, represented in the degeneration of the gonadal, digestive, secretory cells, and the connective tissues. Therefore,\n                    <jats:italic>B. alexandrina<\/jats:italic>\n                    might be used as a sensitive bioindicator of pollution with Mn heavy metal to avoid ethics rules; besides, they are readily available and large in number.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-29786-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T02:02:29Z","timestamp":1695002549000},"page":"105967-105976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Biomonitoring of manganese metal pollution in water and its impacts on biological activities of Biomphalaria alexandrina snail and larvicidal potencies"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Amina Mohamed","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed Abdel-Salam","family":"Abdel-Haleem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2357-3800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rania Gamal","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"29786_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.21608\/jbaar.2016.108934","volume":"2","author":"A Abdel Kader","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abdel Kader A, Ismail NMM, Abdel-motleb A et al (2016) Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in freshwater snails in relation to lining of water courses in Egypt. 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