{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T05:44:21Z","timestamp":1788414261726,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746748800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche CHUS","award":["Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program-Spring 2024 Edition"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program-Spring 2024 Edition"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-025-36493-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,8]],"date-time":"2025-05-08T22:56:39Z","timestamp":1746744999000},"page":"13741-13752","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Examining the relationship between persistent organic pollutants and metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional analysis using NHANES data"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Carlina","family":"Colussi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Patrice","family":"Baillargeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00e9rard","family":"Ngueta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"36493_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2009.03.009","volume":"109","author":"A Agudo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Agudo A, Go\u00f1i F, Etxeandia A, Vives A, Mill\u00e1n E, L\u00f3pez R, Amiano P, Ardanaz E, Barricarte A, Dolores Chirlaque M, Dorronsoro M, Jakszyn P, Larra\u00f1aga N, Mart\u00ednez C, Navarro C, Rodr\u00edguez L, Jos\u00e9 S\u00e1nchez M, Jos\u00e9 Tormo M, Gonz\u00e1lez CA (2009) Polychlorinated biphenyls in Spanish adults: Determinants of serum concentrations. Environ Res 109(5):620\u2013628. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2009.03.009","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"36493_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-3-21","volume":"3","author":"AJD Barros","year":"2003","unstructured":"Barros AJD, Hirakata VN (2003) Alternatives for logistic regression in cross-sectional studies: An empirical comparison of models that directly estimate the prevalence ratio. BMC Med Res Methodol 3:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2288-3-21","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"issue":"12","key":"36493_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.1002720","volume":"118","author":"M Cave","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cave M, Appana S, Patel M, Falkner KC, McClain CJ, Brock G (2010) Polychlorinated biphenyls, lead, and mercury are associated with liver disease in american adults: NHANES 2003\u20132004. Environ Health Perspect 118(12):1735\u20131742. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.1002720","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"36493_CR4","unstructured":"CDC\/National Center for Health Statistics. (2024). National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Weighting Module. https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nhanes\/tutorials\/weighting.aspx"},{"issue":"1","key":"36493_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29367","volume":"67","author":"N Chalasani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chalasani N, Younossi Z, Lavine JE, Charlton M, Cusi K, Rinella M, Harrison SA, Brunt EM, Sanyal AJ (2018) The diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guidance from the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. Hepatology 67(1):328\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.29367","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"36493_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2691","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac321","volume":"107","author":"KE Chan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chan KE, Koh TJL, Tang ASP, Quek J, Yong JN, Tay P, Tan DJH, Lim WH, Lin SY, Huang D, Chan M, Khoo CM, Chew NWS, Kaewdech A, Chamroonkul N, Dan YY, Noureddin M, Muthiah M, Eslam M, Ng CH (2022) Global Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of 10 739 607 Individuals. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 107(9):2691\u20132700. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/clinem\/dgac321","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"36493_CR7","unstructured":"Choudhury H, Hertzberg R, Rice G, Cogliano J, Mukerjee D, Teuschler L, Doyle E, Woo Y, & Schoeny R. (2000). Supplementary Guidance for Conducting Health Risk Assessment of Chemical Mixtures. Risk Assessment Fourm, August, 209."},{"key":"36493_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Colaci, C., Gambardella, M. L., Scarlata, G. G. M., Boccuto, L., Colica, C., Luzza, F., Scarpellini, E., Mendez-Sanchez, N., & Abenavoli, L. (2024). Dysmetabolic comorbidities and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a stairway to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. In Hepatoma Research (Vol. 10). OAE Publishing Inc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20517\/2394-5079.2023.134","DOI":"10.20517\/2394-5079.2023.134"},{"key":"36493_CR9","unstructured":"Curtin LR, Mohadjer LK, Dohrmann SM, Montaquila JM, Kruszan-Moran D, Mirel LB, Carroll MD, Hirsch R, Schober S, & Johnson CL (2012). The national health and nutrition examination survey: Sample design, 1999\u20132006. Vital and Health Statistics, Series 2: Data Evaluation and Methods Research, 155, 1999\u20132006."},{"issue":"6","key":"36493_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2012.43","volume":"22","author":"AJ De Roos","year":"2012","unstructured":"De Roos AJ, Ulrich CM, Sjodin A, McTiernan A (2012) Adiposity, body composition, and weight change in relation to organochlorine pollutant plasma concentrations. J Eposure Sci Environ Epidemiol 22(6):617\u2013624. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/jes.2012.43","journal-title":"J Eposure Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"36493_CR11","unstructured":"Deddens J, & Petersen MR (1998). Estimation of prevalence ratios when PROC GENMOD does not converge. In: Proceedings of The28th Annual SAS Users Group International Conference, March 30-April 2, 2003. Paper 270\u201328. Cary, NC: SAS Institute Inc, 2003. Available from Http:\/\/Www2.Sas.Com\/Proceedings\/Sugi28\/270-28, 1\u20136."},{"issue":"4","key":"36493_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-017-0166-8","volume":"4","author":"AL Deierlein","year":"2017","unstructured":"Deierlein AL, Rock S, Park S (2017) Persistent Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Fatty Liver Disease. Curr Environ Health Rep 4(4):439\u2013449. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40572-017-0166-8","journal-title":"Curr Environ Health Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"36493_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2010.133","volume":"19","author":"E Dirinck","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dirinck E, Jorens PG, Covaci A, Geens T, Roosens L, Neels H, Mertens I, Van Gaal L (2011) Obesity and persistent organic pollutants: Possible obesogenic effect of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls. Obesity 19(4):709\u2013714. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/oby.2010.133","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"issue":"7","key":"36493_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.11.312","volume":"158","author":"M Eslam","year":"2020","unstructured":"Eslam M, Sanyal AJ, George J (2020) MAFLD: A consensus-driven proposed nomenclature for metabolic associated fatty liver disease, on behalf of an international consensus panel. Gastroenterology 158(7):1999\u20132014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"36493_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-022-00811-2","volume":"14","author":"AL Han","year":"2022","unstructured":"Han AL (2022) Validation of fatty liver index as a marker for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. Diabetol Metab Syndr 14(1):4\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13098-022-00811-2","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab Syndr"},{"issue":"10","key":"36493_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3211","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-017-2043-5","volume":"91","author":"AF Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1ndez AF, Gil F, Lacasa\u00f1a M (2017) Toxicological interactions of pesticide mixtures: an update. Arch Toxicol 91(10):3211\u20133223. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00204-017-2043-5","journal-title":"Arch Toxicol"},{"issue":"7","key":"36493_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2006.10.033","volume":"67","author":"O Hue","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hue O, Marcotte J, Berrigan F, Simoneau M, Dor\u00e9 J, Marceau P, Marceau S, Tremblay A, Teasdale N (2007) Plasma concentration of organochlorine compounds is associated with age and not obesity. Chemosphere 67(7):1463\u20131467. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2006.10.033","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"3","key":"36493_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2024.01.018","volume":"154","author":"R Jandacek","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jandacek R, Liu M, Tso P (2024) Interactions of Body Weight Loss with Lipophilic Toxin Storage: Commentary. J Nutr 154(3):801\u2013803. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjnut.2024.01.018","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"36493_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1080\/10937404.2016.1246391","volume":"20","author":"A Jansen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jansen A, Lyche JL, Polder A, Aaseth J, Skaug MA (2017) Increased blood levels of persistent organic pollutants (POP) in obese individuals after weight loss\u2014A review. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev 20(1):22\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10937404.2016.1246391","journal-title":"J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev"},{"issue":"8","key":"36493_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1621","DOI":"10.2337\/dc07-2182","volume":"31","author":"NR Kandula","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kandula NR, Diez-Roux AV, Chan C, Daviglus ML, Jackson SA, Ni H, Schreiner PJ (2008) Association of acculturation levels and prevalence of diabetes in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis (MESA). Diab Care 31(8):1621\u20131628. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc07-2182","journal-title":"Diab Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"36493_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-019-01375-4","volume":"34","author":"K Kawachi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kawachi K, Kataoka H, Manabe S, Mochizuki T, Nitta K (2019) Low HDL cholesterol as a predictor of chronic kidney disease progression: a cross-classification approach and matched cohort analysis. Heart Vessels 34(9):1440\u20131455. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00380-019-01375-4","journal-title":"Heart Vessels"},{"key":"36493_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kumari, K., Swamy, S., & Singh, A. (2021). Global monitoring plan on persistent organic pollutants (POPs). In Persistent Organic Pollutants (1st edition, pp. 227\u2013252). CRC Press.","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003046806-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"36493_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2011.07.010","volume":"40","author":"DH Lee","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lee DH, Lind L, Jacobs DR, Salihovic S, van Bavel B, Lind PM (2012) Associations of persistent organic pollutants with abdominal obesity in the elderly: The Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study. Environ Int 40(1):170\u2013178. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2011.07.010","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"36493_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115233","volume":"266","author":"X Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li X, Zhang C, Wang K, Lehmler HJ (2020) Fatty liver and impaired hepatic metabolism alter the congener-specific distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in mice with a liver-specific deletion of cytochrome P450 reductase. Environ Pollut 266:115233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.115233","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"issue":"3","key":"36493_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.11.038","volume":"21","author":"GEH Lim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lim GEH, Tang A, Ng CH, Chin YH, Lim WH, Tan DJH, Yong JN, Xiao J, Lee CWM, Chan M, Chew NW, Xuan Tan EX, Siddiqui MS, Huang D, Noureddin M, Sanyal AJ, Muthiah MD (2023) An Observational Data Meta-analysis on the Differences in Prevalence and Risk Factors Between MAFLD vs NAFLD. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 21(3):619-629.e7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.11.038","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"P2","key":"36493_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.117507","volume":"240","author":"Q Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu Q, Fan G, Bi J, Qin X, Fang Q, Wu M, Mei S, Wan Z, Lv Y, Song L, Wang Y (2024) Associations of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease among Chinese adults: Effect modification by lifestyle. Environ Res 240(P2):117507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2023.117507","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"36493_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.03.032","volume":"63","author":"J Ma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ma J, Fox CS, Jacques PF, Speliotes EK, Hoffmann U, Smith CE, Saltzman E, McKeown NM (2015) Sugar-sweetened beverage, diet soda, and fatty liver disease in the Framingham Heart Study cohorts. J Hepatol 63(2):462\u2013469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2015.03.032","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"36493_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-022-03229-y","volume":"79","author":"RA Miranda","year":"2023","unstructured":"Miranda RA, Silva BS, de Moura EG, Lisboa PC (2023) Pesticides as endocrine disruptors: programming for obesity and diabetes. Endocrine 79(3):437\u2013447. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12020-022-03229-y","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"36493_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Moriceau MA, Cano-Sancho G, Kim MJ, Coumoul X, Emond C, Arrebola JP, Antignac JP, Audouze K, & Rousselle C (2023). Partitioning of Persistent Organic Pollutants between Adipose Tissue and Serum in Human Studies. In Toxics (Vol. 11, Issue 1). MDPI. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/toxics11010041","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics11010041"},{"issue":"1","key":"36493_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo14010071","volume":"14","author":"A Mosca","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mosca A, Manco M, Braghini MR, Cianfarani S, Maggiore G, Alisi A, Vania A (2024) Environment, Endocrine Disruptors, and Fatty Liver Disease Associated with Metabolic Dysfunction (MASLD). Metabolites 14(1):71. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/metabo14010071","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"issue":"12","key":"36493_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2008.169","volume":"32","author":"D Mullerova","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mullerova D, Kopecky J, Matejkova D, Muller L, Rosmus J, Racek J, Sefrna F, Opatrna S, Kuda O, Matejovic M (2008) Negative association between plasma levels of adiponectin and polychlorinated biphenyl 153 in obese women under non-energy-restrictive regime. Int J Obes 32(12):1875\u20131878. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ijo.2008.169","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"36493_CR32","unstructured":"National Center for Health Statistics (2008) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003\u20132004 data documentation, codebook, and frequencies: Pesticides \u2013 Organochlorine Metabolites \u2013 Serum (Surplus) (L28OCP_C). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https:\/\/wwwn.cdc.gov\/Nchs\/Nhanes\/2003-2004\/L28OCP_C.htm"},{"issue":"3","key":"36493_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2160","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-015-4479-6","volume":"23","author":"JT Perkins","year":"2016","unstructured":"Perkins JT, Petriello MC, Newsome BJ, Hennig B (2016) Polychlorinated biphenyls and links to cardiovascular disease. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23(3):2160\u20132172. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-015-4479-6","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"issue":"10290","key":"36493_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2212","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32511-3","volume":"397","author":"EE Powell","year":"2021","unstructured":"Powell EE, Wong VWS, Rinella M (2021) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The Lancet 397(10290):2212\u20132224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32511-3","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"36493_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12940-015-0066-z","volume":"14","author":"P Rantakokko","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rantakokko P, M\u00e4nnist\u00f6 V, Airaksinen R, Koponen J, Viluksela M, Kiviranta H, Pihlajam\u00e4ki J (2015) Persistent organic pollutants and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in morbidly obese patients: A cohort study. Environ Health 14(1):1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12940-015-0066-z","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"36493_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2009.09.013","volume":"56","author":"TK Reffstrup","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reffstrup TK, Larsen JC, Meyer O (2010) Risk assessment of mixtures of pesticides Current approaches and future strategies. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 56(2):174\u2013192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.yrtph.2009.09.013","journal-title":"Regul Toxicol Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"36493_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13012","volume":"41","author":"CE Ruhl","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ruhl CE, Everhart JE (2015) Fatty liver indices in the multiethnic United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 41(1):65\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/apt.13012","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"36493_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-298","volume":"12","author":"J Ruzzin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ruzzin J (2012) Public health concern behind the exposure to persistent organic pollutants and the risk of metabolic diseases. BMC Public Health 12(1):1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2458-12-298","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"36493_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181a819a1.Overadjustment","volume":"20","author":"E Schisterman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schisterman E, Cole S, Platt R (2009) Overadjustment bias and unnecessary adjustment in Epidemiologic Studies. Epidemiology 20(4):488\u2013495. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181a819a1.Overadjustment","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"36493_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25020883","volume":"25","author":"QA Serrano","year":"2024","unstructured":"Serrano QA, Le Garf S, Martin V, Colson SS, Chevalier N (2024) Is Physical Activity an Efficient Strategy to Control the Adverse Effects of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Context of Obesity? A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 25(2):883. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms25020883","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"36493_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shan Q, Li H, Chen N, Qu F, & Guo J (2020). Understanding the multiple effects of PCBS on lipid metabolism. In Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Vol. 13, pp. 3691\u20133702). Dove Medical Press Ltd. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/DMSO.S264851","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S264851"},{"issue":"8","key":"36493_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1751","DOI":"10.1021\/es0101227","volume":"36","author":"E Silva","year":"2002","unstructured":"Silva E, Rajapakse N, Kortenkamp A (2002) Something from \u201cnothing\u201d - Eight weak estrogenic chemicals combined at concentrations below NOECs produce significant mixture effects. Environ Sci Technol 36(8):1751\u20131756. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es0101227","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"1","key":"36493_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1021\/es4037836","volume":"48","author":"A Sj\u00f6din","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sj\u00f6din A, Jones RS, Caudill SP, Wong L, Turner WE, Calafat AM (2014) Nutrition Examination Survey: 2003\u20132008. Environ Sci Technol 48(1):753\u2013760","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"36493_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(95)03207-V","volume":"105","author":"LK Teuschler","year":"1995","unstructured":"Teuschler LK, Hertzberg RC (1995) Current and future risk assessment guidelines, policy, and methods development for chemical mixtures. Toxicology 105(2\u20133):137\u2013144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0300-483X(95)03207-V","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"issue":"4","key":"36493_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0800012","volume":"117","author":"H Uemura","year":"2009","unstructured":"Uemura H, Arisawa K, Hiyoshi M, Kitayama A, Takami H, Sewachika F, Dakeshita S, Nii K, Satoh H, Sumiyoshi Y, Morinaga K, Kodama K, Suzuki TI, Nagai M, Suzuki T (2009) Prevalence of metabolic syndrome associated with body burden levels of dioxin and related compounds among Japan\u2019s general population. Environ Health Perspect 117(4):568\u2013573. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.0800012","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"issue":"1","key":"36493_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"571839","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/571839","volume":"2015","author":"WA Wattigney","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wattigney WA, Irvin-Barnwell E, Pavuk M, Ragin-Wilson A (2015) Regional variation in human exposure to persistent organic pollutants in the United States, NHANES. J Environ Public Health 2015(1):571839. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/571839","journal-title":"J Environ Public Health"},{"issue":"6","key":"36493_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.04.041","volume":"6","author":"D Wei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wei D, Shi J, Xu H, Guo Y, Wu X, Chen Z, Chen T, Lou H, Han E, Han Gu, Yan Y, Liu X, Zeng X, Fan C, Hou J, Huo W, Li L, Jing T, Wang C, Mao Z (2019) Prospective study on the joint effect of Persistent Organic Pollutants and glucose metabolism on Chronic Kidney Disease: modifying effects of lifestyle interventions. Sci Total Environ 6(6):1\u20134","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"4","key":"36493_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"047003","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP2450","volume":"126","author":"MG Weisskopf","year":"2018","unstructured":"Weisskopf MG, Seals RM, Webster TF (2018) Bias amplification in epidemiologic analysis of exposure to mixtures. Environ Health Perspect 126(4):047003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/EHP2450","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"36493_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133194","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1133194","volume":"11","author":"Z Xie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xie Z, Aimuzi R, Si M, Qu Y, Jiang Y (2023) Associations of metal mixtures with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: NHANES 2003\u20132018. Front Public Health 11:1133194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1133194","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"36493_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31420","volume":"73","author":"ZM Younossi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Younossi ZM, Rinella ME, Sanyal AJ, Harrison SA, Brunt EM, Goodman Z, Cohen DE, Loomba R (2021) From NAFLD to MAFLD: Implications of a Premature Change in Terminology. Hepatology 73(3):1194\u20131198. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.31420","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"36493_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.133511","volume":"466","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Gao Y, Liu QS, Zhou Q, Jiang G (2024) Chemical contaminants in blood and their implications in chronic diseases. J Hazard Mater 466:133511. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.133511","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-025-36493-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-025-36493-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-025-36493-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,19]],"date-time":"2025-06-19T04:15:12Z","timestamp":1750306512000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-025-36493-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"23","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["36493"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-025-36493-2","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-5664688\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This is an observational study. The NCHS Ethics Review Board (ERB) has confirmed that no ethical approval is required.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate\/for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}