{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:07:27Z","timestamp":1791389247834,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"51","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Environ Sci Pollut Res"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-025-37219-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T06:37:25Z","timestamp":1764571045000},"page":"29113-29131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Assessment of water pollution and environmental impacts in the Pineios river basin before and after extreme flood events in Thessaly, Greece"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Kakavas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Faraslis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raed","family":"Awad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angeliki","family":"Katsafadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Mirmigkou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efthimios","family":"Providas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4473-2345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Giovanoulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"37219_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1039\/d2va00147k","volume":"1","author":"A Androulakakis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Androulakakis A, Alygizakis N, Bizani E, Thomaidis NS (2022) Current progress in the environmental analysis of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Environ Sci Adv 1(5):705\u2013732. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/d2va00147k","journal-title":"Environ Sci Adv"},{"issue":"45","key":"37219_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19925","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.4c06189","volume":"58","author":"HPH Arp","year":"2024","unstructured":"Arp HPH, Gredelj A, Gl\u00fcge J, Scheringer M, Cousins IT (2024) The global threat from the irreversible accumulation of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Environ Sci Technol 58(45):19925\u201319935. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.4c06189","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"37219_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1126\/science.ado5019","volume":"385","author":"M Ateia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ateia M, Scheringer M (2024) From \u201cforever chemicals\u201d to fluorine-free alternatives. Science 385:256\u2013258. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.ado5019","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"37219_CR4","volume-title":"Toxicological Profile for Lead","author":"ATSDR","year":"2020","unstructured":"ATSDR (2020) Toxicological Profile for Lead. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry"},{"key":"37219_CR5","volume-title":"Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls","author":"ATSDR","year":"2021","unstructured":"ATSDR (2021) Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry"},{"key":"37219_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2024.100926","volume":"19","author":"I Balta","year":"2024","unstructured":"Balta I, Lemon J, Murnane C, Pet I, Vintila T, McCleery D, Callaway T, Douglas A, Stef L, Corcionivoschi N (2024) The one health aspect of climate events with impact on foodborne pathogens transmission. One Health 19:100926. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.onehlt.2024.100926","journal-title":"One Health"},{"key":"37219_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.168462","volume":"908","author":"A Billings","year":"2024","unstructured":"Billings A, Jones KC, Pereira MG, Spurgeon DJ (2024) Emerging and legacy plasticisers in coastal and estuarine environments: a review. Sci Total Environ 908:168462. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.168462","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"37219_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.01.079","volume":"583","author":"V Boiteux","year":"2017","unstructured":"Boiteux V, Dauchy X, Bach C, Colin A, Hemard J, Sagres V, Rosin C, Munoz J-F (2017) Concentrations and patterns of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in a river and three drinking water treatment plants near and far from a major production source. Sci Total Environ 583:393\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.01.079","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"12","key":"37219_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.2298\/JSC220427061B","volume":"87","author":"MB Buljovcic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Buljovcic MB, Antic IS, Kadokami K, Skrbic BD (2022) Temporal trend of perfluorinated compounds in untreated wastewater and surface water in the middle part of the Danube River belonging to the northern part of Serbia. J Serb Chem Soc 87(12):1425\u20131437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2298\/JSC220427061B","journal-title":"J Serb Chem Soc"},{"key":"37219_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1367681","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1367681","volume":"11","author":"P Dang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dang P, Tang M, Fan H, Hao J (2024) Chronic lead exposure and burden of cardiovascular disease during 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study. Front Cardiovasc Med 11:1367681. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1367681","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"37219_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623311428473","volume":"40","author":"JC DeWitt","year":"2012","unstructured":"DeWitt JC, Peden-Adams MM, Keller JM, Germolec DR (2012) Immunotoxicity of perfluorinated compounds: recent developments. Toxicol Pathol 40(2):300\u2013311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0192623311428473","journal-title":"Toxicol Pathol"},{"issue":"7","key":"37219_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.3390\/w17070912","volume":"17","author":"M Diakakis","year":"2025","unstructured":"Diakakis M, Sarantopoulou A, Gogou M, Filis C, Nastos P, Kapris I, Vassilakis E, Konsolaki A, Lekkas E (2025) Cascade effects induced by extreme storms and floods: the case of Storm Daniel (2023) in Greece. Water 17(7):912. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/w17070912","journal-title":"Water"},{"key":"37219_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dimitriou E, Efstratiadis A, Zotou I, Papadopoulos A, Iliopoulou T, Sakki GK, Mazi K, Rozos E, Koukouvinos A, Koussis AD, Mamassis N, Koutsoyiannis D (2024) Post-analysis of Daniel extreme flood event in Thessaly, Central Greece: practical lessons and the value of state-of-the-art water-monitoring networks. Water 16(7):980","DOI":"10.3390\/w16070980"},{"key":"37219_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.08.098","volume":"500","author":"N Dom\u00ednguez-Morueco","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dom\u00ednguez-Morueco N, Gonz\u00e1lez-Alonso S, Valc\u00e1rcel Y (2014) Phthalate occurrence in rivers and tap water from central Spain. Sci Total Environ 500:139\u2013146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2014.08.098","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"7","key":"37219_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP13954","volume":"132","author":"N Donley","year":"2024","unstructured":"Donley N, Cox C, Bennett K, Temkin AM, Andrews DQ, Naidenko OV (2024) Forever pesticides: a growing source of PFAS contamination in the environment. Environ Health Perspect 132(7):075003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/EHP13954","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"37219_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"EEA (2025) European Environment Agency - European bathing water quality in 2024 (EEA Briefing 07\/2025). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2800\/1875262","DOI":"10.2800\/1875262"},{"issue":"12","key":"37219_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2019.5838","volume":"17","author":"EFSA","year":"2019","unstructured":"EFSA (2019) Update of the risk assessment of di-butylphthalate (DBP), butyl-benzyl-phthalate (BBP), di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), di-isononylphthalate (DINP), and di-isodecylphthalate (DIDP) for use in food contact materials. EFSA J 17(12):e05838. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2903\/j.efsa.2019.5838","journal-title":"EFSA J"},{"key":"37219_CR18","unstructured":"EU Directive 2006\/7\/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 February 2006 concerning the management of bathing water quality and repealing Directive 76\/160\/EEC. Off J Eur Union L64:37\u201351. https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A32006L0007"},{"key":"37219_CR19","unstructured":"EU (2020) Directive (EU) 2020\/2184 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2020 on the quality of water intended for human consumption. Off J Eur Union L435:1\u201362. https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/dir\/2020\/2184\/oj"},{"key":"37219_CR20","unstructured":"PAN Europe (2024) - Pesticide Action Network Europe, February 2024. Toxic harvest: Ban PFAS pesticides [Policy Briefing]. https:\/\/www.pan-europe.info\/resources\/briefings\/2024\/02\/toxic-harvest-PFAS-pesticides. Accessed 30 July 2025"},{"key":"37219_CR21","unstructured":"Fidra (2025) Concentrations of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in UK surface waters. Environmental charity supporting sustainability & preventing pollution. https:\/\/www.fidra.org.uk\/download\/concentrations-of-trifluoroacetic-acid-tfa-in-uk-surface-waters\/.\u00a0Accessed 30 July 2025"},{"key":"37219_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015299130443","volume":"136","author":"K Fytianos","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fytianos K, Siumka A, Zachariadis GA, Beltsios S (2002) Assessment of the quality characteristics of Pinios River, Greece. Water Air Soil Pollut 136:317\u2013329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1015299130443","journal-title":"Water Air Soil Pollut"},{"issue":"11","key":"37219_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.3390\/land13111959","volume":"13","author":"SDV Giakoumatos","year":"2024","unstructured":"Giakoumatos SDV, Skoulikidis NT, Karavoltsos S, Sakellari A, Dimitriou E (2024) Spatiotemporal variations in water physicochemical status in Pinios River catchment, at Eastern Mediterranean region. Land 13(11):1959. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/land13111959","journal-title":"Land"},{"key":"37219_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2017.12.016","volume":"112","author":"G Giovanoulis","year":"2018","unstructured":"Giovanoulis G, Bui T, Xu F, Papadopoulou E, Padilla-Sanchez JA, Covaci A, Haug LS, Palm Cousins A, Magn\u00e9r J, Cousins IT, de Wit CA (2018) Multi-pathway human exposure assessment of phthalate esters and DINCH. Environ Int 112:115\u2013126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2017.12.016","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"37219_CR25","unstructured":"GLOBAL 2000 (2025) Message from the bottle: the rapid rise of TFA contamination across the EU. https:\/\/www.pan-europe.info\/sites\/pan-europe.info\/files\/public\/resources\/reports\/Message%20from%20the%20bottle_TFA%20in%20wine%20_23042025.pdf.\u00a0Accessed 30 July 2025"},{"key":"37219_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-12-35","volume":"12","author":"P Grandjean","year":"2013","unstructured":"Grandjean P, Budtz-J\u00f8rgensen E (2013) Immunotoxicity of perfluorinated alkylates: calculation of benchmark doses based on serum concentrations in children. Environ Health 12:35. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1476-069X-12-35","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"37219_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1048291115590506","author":"P Grandjean","year":"2015","unstructured":"Grandjean P, Clapp R (2015) Perfluorinated alkyl substances: emerging insights into health risks. New Solut. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1048291115590506","journal-title":"New Solut"},{"issue":"11","key":"37219_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2004.017590","volume":"62","author":"R Hauser","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hauser R, Calafat AM (2005) Phthalates and human health. Occup Environ Med 62(11):806\u2013818. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/oem.2004.017590","journal-title":"Occup Environ Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"37219_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12302-019-0250-9","volume":"31","author":"I Herrig","year":"2019","unstructured":"Herrig I, Seis W, Fischer H, Regnery J, Manz W, Reifferscheid G, B\u00f6er S (2019) Prediction of fecal indicator organism concentrations in rivers: the shifting role of environmental factors under varying flow conditions. Environ Sci Eur 31(1):59","journal-title":"Environ Sci Eur"},{"issue":"4","key":"37219_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture14040549","volume":"14","author":"M Iatrou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Iatrou M, Tziouvalekas M, Tsitouras A, Evangelou E, Noulas C, Vlachostergios D, Aschonitis V, Arampatzis G, Metaxa I, Karydas C, Tziachris P (2024) Analyzing the impact of Storm \u2018Daniel\u2019 and subsequent flooding on Thessaly\u2019s soil chemistry through causal inference. Agriculture 14(4):549. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/agriculture14040549","journal-title":"Agriculture"},{"issue":"8","key":"37219_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e18507","volume":"9","author":"C Ingrao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ingrao C, Strippoli R, Lagioia G, Huisingh D (2023) Water scarcity in agriculture: an overview of causes, impacts and approaches for reducing the risks. Heliyon 9(8):e18507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e18507","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"37219_CR32","unstructured":"ISO 7899\u20132:2000, International Organization for Standardization (2000) Water quality - detection and enumeration of intestinal enterococci - part 2: membrane filtration method. https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/14854.html"},{"key":"37219_CR33","unstructured":"ISO 9308\u20131:2014, International Organization for Standardization (2014) Water quality - enumeration of Escherichia coli and coliform bacteria - part 1: membrane filtration method for waters with low bacterial background flora. https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/55832.html"},{"key":"37219_CR34","unstructured":"ISO 7704:2023, International Organization for Standardization (2023) Water quality - evaluation of membrane filters used for microbiological analyses. Water quality - requirements for the performance testing of membrane filters used for direct enumeration of microorganisms by culture methods. https:\/\/www.iso.org\/standard\/78706.html"},{"key":"37219_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2021.111967","volume":"163","author":"A Jebara","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jebara A, Albergamo A, Rando R, Potort\u00ec AG, Lo Turco V, Mansour HB, Di Bella G (2021) Phthalates and non-phthalate plasticizers in Tunisian marine samples: occurrence, spatial distribution and seasonal variation. Mar Pollut Bull 163:111967. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2021.111967","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"issue":"10","key":"37219_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1039\/D1EM00224D","volume":"23","author":"A K\u00e4rrman","year":"2021","unstructured":"K\u00e4rrman A, Yeung LWY, Spaan KM, Lange FT, Nguyen MA, Plassmann M, de Wit CA, Scheurer M, Awad R, Benskin JP (2021) Can determination of extractable organofluorine (EOF) be standardized? First interlaboratory comparisons of EOF and fluorine mass balance in sludge and water matrices. Environ Sci Process Impacts 23(10):1451\u20131462. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D1EM00224D","journal-title":"Environ Sci Process Impacts"},{"issue":"4","key":"37219_CR37","first-page":"204","volume":"22","author":"I Kerine","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kerine I, Maruska A, Sitonyte J (2011) Solid phase extraction and gas chromatographic\u2013mass spectrometric analysis of phthalates in surface water: method development and validation. Chemija 22(4):204\u2013209","journal-title":"Chemija"},{"issue":"23","key":"37219_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9033","DOI":"10.1021\/es051433a","volume":"39","author":"IR Lake","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lake IR, Foxall CD, Lovett AA, Fernandes A, Dowding A, White S, Rose M (2005) Effects of river flooding on PCDD\/F and PCB levels in cows\u2019 milk, soil, and grass. Environ Sci Technol 39(23):9033\u20139038. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/es051433a","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"key":"37219_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2015.01.006","volume":"77","author":"IR Lake","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lake IR, Foxall CD, Fernandes A, Lewis M, Rose M, White O, Lovett AA, White S, Dowding A, Mortimer D (2015) The effects of flooding on dioxin and PCB levels in food produced on industrial river catchments. Environmental International 77:106\u2013115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2015.01.006","journal-title":"Environmental International"},{"issue":"7","key":"37219_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.7688","volume":"113","author":"BP Lanphear","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lanphear BP, Hornung R, Khoury J, Yolton K, Baghurst P, Bellinger DC, Canfield RL, Dietrich KN, Bornschein R, Greene T, Rothenberg SJ, Needleman HL, Schnaas L, Wasserman G, Graziano J, Roberts R (2005) Low-level environmental lead exposure and children\u2019s intellectual function: an international pooled analysis. Environ Health Perspect 113(7):894\u2013899. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.7688","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"37219_CR41","unstructured":"Lekkas E, Diakakis M, Mavroulis S, Filis C, Bantekas Y, Gogou M, Katsetsiadou KN, Mavrouli M, Giannopoulos V, Sarantopoulou A, Nastos P, Vassilakis E, Konsolaki A, Kotsi E, Carydis P, Parcharidis I, Tounta S, Falaras T, Skourtsos E, Bakopoulou A, Korkovelos A, Ronzi L, Speis PD, Lekka C, Stamati E, Moraitis S (2024) The early September 2023 Daniel Storm in Thessaly Region (Central Greece). Newsletter of Environmental, Disaster and Crises Management Strategies. https:\/\/edcm.edu.gr\/images\/docs\/newsletters\/Newsletter_30_2024_Daniel_Thessaly.pdf"},{"key":"37219_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Loos R, Locoro G, Comero S, Contini S, Schwesig D, Werres F, Balsaa P, Gans O, Weiss S, Blaha L, Bolchi M, Gawlik BM (2010) Pan-European survey on the occurrence of selected polar organic persistent pollutants in groundwater. Water Res 44(14):4115\u20134126. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.watres.2010.05.032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2010.05.032"},{"issue":"4","key":"37219_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.estlett.5c00122","volume":"12","author":"R Lougkovois","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lougkovois R, Gkotsis G, Parinos C, Hatzianestis I, Nika M-C, Pavlidou A, Thomaidis N (2025) Storm Daniel extreme flood event in Thessaly, Greece: assessing the pollution status of the impacted coastal marine areas through extended screening of emerging contaminants using LC-TIMS-HRMS. Environ Sci Technol Lett 12(4):432\u2013439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.estlett.5c00122","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol Lett"},{"key":"37219_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2025.101093","volume":"21","author":"S Mas-Coma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mas-Coma S, Artigas P, Cuervo PF, De El\u00edas-Escribano A, Fantozzi MC, Colangeli G, C\u00f3rdoba A, Marquez-Guzman DJ, Mas-Bargues C, Borr\u00e1s C, P\u00e9rez-P\u00e9rez P, Bethencourt-Estrella CJ, Rodr\u00edguez-Exp\u00f3sito RL, Pe\u00f1a-Prunell MD, Chao-Pellicer J, Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez O, Dom\u00ednguez de Barros AT, Garc\u00eda-Ramos A, Sirvent-Blanco C, Gajeta-Arenas M, C\u00f3rdoba-Lan\u00fas AE, Pi\u00f1ero JE, Valero MA, Lorenzo-Morales J, Bargues MD (2025) Infectious disease risk after the October 2024 flash flood in Valencia, Spain: disaster evolution, strategic scenario analysis, and extrapolative baseline for a One Health assessment. One Health 21:101093. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.onehlt.2025.101093","journal-title":"One Health"},{"key":"37219_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.143645","volume":"367","author":"D Megson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Megson D, Niepsch D, Spencer J, dos Santos C, Florance H, MacLeod CL, Ross I (2024) Non-targeted analysis reveals hundreds of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in UK freshwater in the vicinity of a fluorochemical plant. Chemosphere 367:143645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2024.143645","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"37219_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.136467","volume":"308","author":"MA Nguyen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nguyen MA, Norstr\u00f6m K, Wiberg K, Gustavsson J, Josefsson S, Ahrens L (2022) Seasonal trends of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in river water affected by fire training sites and wastewater treatment plants. Chemosphere 308:136467. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.136467","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"issue":"1","key":"37219_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/mr.2013.e2","volume":"4","author":"ST Odonkor","year":"2013","unstructured":"Odonkor ST, Ampofo JK (2013) Escherichia coli as an indicator of bacteriological quality of water: an overview. Microbiol Res 4(1):e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4081\/mr.2013.e2","journal-title":"Microbiol Res"},{"key":"37219_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2021.462369","volume":"1652","author":"A Ofrydopoulou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ofrydopoulou A, Nannou C, Evgenidou E, Lambropoulou D (2021) Sample preparation optimization by central composite design for multi-class determination of 172 emerging contaminants in wastewaters and tap water using liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1652:462369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chroma.2021.462369","journal-title":"J Chromatogr A"},{"key":"37219_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2006.03.610","volume":"213","author":"BA Papaioannou","year":"2007","unstructured":"Papaioannou BA, Plageras P, Dovriki E, Minas A, Krikelis V, Nastos P, Kakavas VK, Paliatsos A (2007) Groundwater\u2019s quality and location of productive activities in the region of Thessaly (Greece). Desalination 213:209\u2013217. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.desal.2006.03.610","journal-title":"Desalination"},{"key":"37219_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.onehlt.2021.100272","volume":"13","author":"AM Perez Arredondo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Perez Arredondo AM, Yasobant S, Bruchhausen W, Bender K, Falkenberg T (2021) Intersectoral collaboration shaping One Health in the policy agenda: a comparative analysis of Ghana and India. One Health 13:100272. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.onehlt.2021.100272","journal-title":"One Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"37219_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5635","DOI":"10.1039\/D3GC03428C","volume":"26","author":"A Qadeer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qadeer A, Anis M, Warner GR, Potts C, Giovanoulis G, Nasr S, Archundia D, Zhang Q, Ajmal Z, Tweedale AC, Kun W, Wang P, Haoyu R, Jiang X, Shuhang W (2024) Global environmental and toxicological data of emerging plasticizers: current knowledge, regrettable substitution dilemma, green solution and future perspectives. Green Chem 26(10):5635\u20135683. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D3GC03428C","journal-title":"Green Chem"},{"key":"37219_CR52","unstructured":"Hellenic Statistical Authority (2024) Results of the 2021 population - housing census, permanent population by settlement. \"\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd - \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd 2021, \u039c\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\". https:\/\/www.statistics.gr\/en\/2021-census-res-pop-results"},{"issue":"1","key":"37219_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2013.04.010","volume":"72","author":"J S\u00e1nchez-Avila","year":"2013","unstructured":"S\u00e1nchez-Avila J, Vicente J, Echavarri-Erasun B, Porte C, Tauler R, Lacorte S (2013) Sources, fluxes and risk of organic micropollutants to the Cantabrian Sea (Spain). Mar Pollut Bull 72(1):119\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2013.04.010","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"37219_CR54","unstructured":"SCHEER \u2013 Scientific Committee on Health, Environmental and Emerging Risks (2025) Final Opinion on \u201cDraft Environmental Quality Standards for PFAS total under the Water Framework Directive\", 6 March 2025. European Commission, Directorate-General for Environment. https:\/\/health.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/7f645d23-3d53-47fc-bf76-4067039a8468_en?filename=scheer_o_065.pdf.\u00a0Accessed 30 July 2025"},{"issue":"2","key":"37219_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1039\/D0EM00427H","volume":"23","author":"T Schroeder","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schroeder T, Bonda D, Foley J (2021) PFAS soil and groundwater contamination via industrial airborne emission and land deposition in SW Vermont and eastern New York State, USA. Environ Sci Process Impacts 23(2):296\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/D0EM00427H","journal-title":"Environ Sci Process Impacts"},{"issue":"2","key":"37219_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2015.08.043","volume":"100","author":"AJ Smith","year":"2015","unstructured":"Smith AJ, McGowan T, Devlin MJ, Massoud MS, Al-Enezi M, Al-Zaidan AS, Al-Sarawi HA, Lyons BP (2015) Screening for contaminant hotspots in the marine environment of Kuwait using ecotoxicological and chemical screening techniques. Mar Pollut Bull 100(2):681\u2013688. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marpolbul.2015.08.043","journal-title":"Mar Pollut Bull"},{"key":"37219_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149798","volume":"802","author":"E Sokolova","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sokolova E, Ivarsson O, Lilliestr\u00f6m A, Speicher NK, Rydberg H, Bondelind M (2022) Data-driven models for predicting microbial water quality in the drinking water source using E. coli monitoring and hydrometeorological data. Sci Total Environ 802:149798. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.149798","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"issue":"6","key":"37219_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9882","volume":"115","author":"RW Stahlhut","year":"2007","unstructured":"Stahlhut RW, van Wijngaarden E, Dye TD, Cook S, Swan SH (2007) Concentrations of urinary phthalate metabolites are associated with increased waist circumference and insulin resistance in adult U.S. males. Environ Health Perspect 115(6):876\u2013882. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/ehp.9882","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"37219_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1007\/s00128-016-1928-y","volume":"97","author":"MA Stallard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Stallard MA, Otter RR, Winesett S, Barbero M, Bruce M, Layton A, Bailey FC (2016) A watershed analysis of seasonal concentration- and loading-based results for Escherichia coli in inland waters. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 97:838\u2013842. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00128-016-1928-y","journal-title":"Bull Environ Contam Toxicol"},{"key":"37219_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110690","volume":"194","author":"K Steenland","year":"2021","unstructured":"Steenland K, Winquist A (2021) PFAS and cancer, a scoping review of the epidemiologic evidence. Environ Res 194:110690. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envres.2020.110690","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"37219_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20517\/jeea.2024.16","volume":"3","author":"J Strandberg","year":"2024","unstructured":"Strandberg J, Waldetoft H, Egelrud L, Backlund A, Cascone C, Thors\u00e9n G, Potter A, Giovanoulis G (2024) Characterization of fuel-induced water contamination: chemical composition, odor threshold, and ecotoxicological implications. J Environ Expo Assess 3:20. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20517\/jeea.2024.16","journal-title":"J Environ Expo Assess"},{"issue":"2","key":"37219_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/s41370-018-0094-1","volume":"29","author":"EM Sunderland","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sunderland EM, Hu XC, Dassuncao C, Tokranov AK, Wagner CC, Allen JG (2019) A review of the pathways of human exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and present understanding of health effects. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 29(2):131\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41370-018-0094-1","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"37219_CR63","unstructured":"Swedish EPA (2025) Milj\u00f6\u00f6vervakning av utg\u00e5ende vatten och slam fr\u00e5n svenska avloppsreningsverkt. Resultat fr\u00e5n \u00e5r 2022 och 2023 och en sammanfattning av slamresultaten f\u00f6r \u00e5ren 2004\u20132023. Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. https:\/\/naturvardsverket.diva-portal.org\/smash\/get\/diva2:1946211\/FULLTEXT01.pdf.\u00a0Accessed 30 July 2025"},{"key":"37219_CR64","unstructured":"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1995) Method 525.2: Determination of organic compounds in drinking water by liquid-solid extraction and capillary column gas chromatography\/mass spectrometry (Revision 2.0). Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory. EPA\/600\/R-95\/003. https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2015-10\/documents\/method_525-2_rev-2_1995.pdf"},{"key":"37219_CR65","unstructured":"UK Environment Agency (2023) Bathing water quality data: understanding inland sites. https:\/\/environment.data.gov.uk\/bwq\/profiles\/.\u00a0Accessed 30 July 2025"},{"key":"37219_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Valavani E, Bellos V, Apostolidou-Kiouti F, Benos A, Kondilis E (2024) All-cause excess mortality following Storm Daniel flood event in Greece. J Public Health 1\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/pubmed\/fdaf015","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdaf015"},{"issue":"5","key":"37219_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2508","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b04806","volume":"51","author":"Z Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang Z, DeWitt JC, Higgins CP, Cousins IT (2017) A never-ending story of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs)? Environ Sci Technol 51(5):2508\u20132518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/acs.est.6b04806","journal-title":"Environ Sci Technol"},{"issue":"4","key":"37219_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xinn.2024.100612","volume":"5","author":"F Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang F, Xiang L, Leung KS-Y, Elsner M, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Pan B, Sun H, An T, Ying G, Brooks BW, Hou D, Helbling DE, Sun J, Qiu H, Vogel TM, Zhang W, Gao Y, Simpson MJ, Luo Y, Chang SX, Su G, Wong BM, Fu T-M, Zhu D, Jobst KJ, Ge C, Coulon F, Harindintwali JD, Zeng X, Wang H, Fu Y, Wei Z, Lohmann R, Chen C, Song Y, Sanchez-Cid C, Wang Y, El-Naggar A, Yao Y, Huang Y, Law JC-F, Gu C, Shen H, Gao Y, Qin C, Li H, Zhang T, Corcoll N, Liu M, Alessi DS, Li H, Brandt KK, Pico Y, Gu C, Guo J, Su J, Corvini P, Ye M, Rocha-Santos T, He H, Yang Y, Tong M, Zhang W, Suanon F, Brahushi F, Wang Z, Hashsham SA, Virta M, Yuan Q, Jiang G, Tremblay LA, Bu Q, Wu J, Peijnenburg W, Topp E, Cao X, Jiang X, Zheng M, Zhang T, Luo Y, Zhu L, Li X, Barcel\u00f3 D, Chen J, Xing B, Amelung W, Cai Z, Naidu R, Shen Q, Pawliszyn J, Zhu Y-G, Schaeffer A, Rillig MC, Wu F, Yu G, Tiedje JM (2024) Emerging contaminants: a one health perspective. The Innovation 5(4):100612. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.xinn.2024.100612","journal-title":"The Innovation"},{"key":"37219_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wroa.2018.10.003","volume":"1","author":"MD Wyer","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wyer MD, Kay D, Morgan H, Naylor S, Clark S, Watkins J, Davies CM, Francis C, Osborn H, Bennett S (2018) Within-day variability in microbial concentrations at a UK designated bathing water: implications for regulatory monitoring and the application of predictive modelling based on historical compliance data. Water Research X 1:100006. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.wroa.2018.10.003","journal-title":"Water Research X"},{"key":"37219_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.11.070","volume":"619","author":"Z-M Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang Z-M, Zhang H-H, Zhang J, Wang Q-W, Yang G-P (2018) Occurrence, distribution, and ecological risks of phthalate esters in the seawater and sediment of Changjiang River Estuary and its adjacent area. Sci Total Environ 619:93\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2017.11.070","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"}],"container-title":["Environmental Science and Pollution Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-025-37219-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11356-025-37219-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11356-025-37219-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T06:38:11Z","timestamp":1766126291000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11356-025-37219-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"51","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["37219"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11356-025-37219-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1614-7499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1614-7499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This is not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"This is not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"This is not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}