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Especially older people are at risk for vitamin D deficiency and therefore exposed to its potentially harmful consequences. A way of measuring differences in the biological age is through DNA methylation age (DNAm age) and its deviation from chronological age, DNAm age acceleration (DNAmAA). We previously reported on an association between vitamin D deficiency and higher 7-CpG DNAmAA in participants of the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II). In this study, we employ a quasi-interventional study design to assess the relationship between DNAmAA of five epigenetic clocks and vitamin D supplementation. Longitudinal data were available for 1,036 participants of BASE-II that were reexamined on average 7.4\u00a0years later in the GendAge study (mean age at follow-up: 75.6\u00a0years, SD\u2009=\u20093.8\u00a0years, age range: 64.9\u201394.1\u00a0years, 51.9% female). DNAmAA was estimated with the 7-CpG clock, Horvath\u2019s clock, Hannum\u2019s clock, PhenoAge, and GrimAge. Methylation data were obtained through methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension (MS-SNuPE) or Illumina\u2019s Infinium \u201cMethylationEPIC\u201d array. Vitamin D\u2013deficient participants who chose to start vitamin D supplementation after baseline examination showed a 2.6-year lower 7-CpG DNAmAA (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.011) and 1.3-year lower Horvath DNAmAA (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.042) compared to untreated and vitamin D\u2013deficient participants. DNAmAA did not statistically differ between participants with successfully treated vitamin D deficiency and healthy controls (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u20090.16). Therefore, we conclude that intake of vitamin D supplement is associated with lower DNAmAA in participants with vitamin D deficiency.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-022-00581-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]],"date-time":"2022-05-13T16:08:51Z","timestamp":1652458131000},"page":"1847-1859","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Vitamin D supplementation is associated with slower epigenetic aging"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Valentin Max","family":"Vetter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasmine","family":"Sommerer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian Humberto","family":"Kalies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Spira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Bertram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4340-2523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilja","family":"Demuth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"581_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1111\/nbu.12108","volume":"39","author":"A Spiro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Spiro A, Buttriss JL. 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