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These latter two, together called capillary pericytes, have low levels of alpha smooth muscle actin (\u03b1-SMA), regulating basal vascular tone and applying a slow influence on cerebral blood flow. Pericytes are subject to alterations in ageing which may be even more pronounced in age-related pathologies, including microinfarcts, which usually affect a large number of vessels in the ageing brain. We modelled this condition by injecting 10 \u00b5m-size microspheres into the circulation of mice resulting in the occlusion of capillaries covered by ensheathing and mesh pericytes. We observed that \u03b1-SMA and <jats:italic>Acta2<\/jats:italic>, the gene encoding it, as well as TGF-\u03b21\/<jats:italic>Tgfb1<\/jats:italic>, the major regulator of \u03b1-SMA, decreased during ageing in cerebral microvessels. In the vicinity of the microspheres stalled in the capillaries, expression of \u03b1-SMA increased significantly in both ensheathing and especially in mesh pericytes, both in young (2 to 3 months of age) and old (24 months of age) mice. On the other hand, \u03b3-actin was detected in endothelial cells, but not in pericytes, and decreased in microvessels of microsphere-containing hemispheres. Altogether, our data show that obstruction of cerebral microvessels increases \u03b1-SMA expression in pericytes in both age groups, but this does not compensate for the lower expression of the contractile protein in old animals. Increased \u03b1-SMA expression may lead to constriction of the obstructed vessels probably aggravating flow heterogeneity in the aged brain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-024-01429-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]],"date-time":"2024-11-26T17:04:19Z","timestamp":1732640659000},"page":"2525-2540","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Expression of alpha smooth muscle actin decreases with ageing and increases upon lumen obstruction in mouse brain pericytes"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Fanni","family":"Gy\u0151ri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1d\u00e1m","family":"M\u00e9sz\u00e1ros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nika","family":"Krecsmarik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kinga","family":"Moln\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cornel","family":"Balta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anca","family":"Hermenean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila E.","family":"Farkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Istv\u00e1n A.","family":"Krizbai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2366-7337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imola","family":"Wilhelm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1429_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2946","volume":"14","author":"EA Winkler","year":"2011","unstructured":"Winkler EA, Bell RD, Zlokovic BV. 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