{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:51:46Z","timestamp":1791251506629,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"NSERC","award":["RGPIN-2015-04665"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGPIN-2015-04665"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h531d29","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024-06455"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-06455"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000156","name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec - Sant\u00e9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRQ 5232"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRQ 5232"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000156","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004411","name":"Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G-17-0018336"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G-17-0018336"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003896","name":"Henry M. Jackson Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003896","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRN: 175862"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRN: 175862"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Vascular Training Platform"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000143","name":"Alzheimer Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000143","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["GeroScience"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-026-02128-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T19:27:53Z","timestamp":1770924473000},"page":"8449-8465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cardiorespiratory fitness in relation to cerebral vascular and metabolic health in older adults with coronary artery disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Safa","family":"Sanami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9fanie A.","family":"Tremblay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zacharie","family":"Potvin-Jutras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dalia","family":"Sabra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Gagnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brittany","family":"Intzandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Am\u00e9lie","family":"Mainville-Berthiaume","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindsay","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Gayda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josep","family":"Iglesies-Grau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Nigam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Bherer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudine J.","family":"Gauthier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"13","key":"2128_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(24)04310-9","volume":"83","author":"B Stark","year":"2024","unstructured":"Stark B, Johnson C, Roth GA. Global prevalence of coronary artery disease: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2024;83(13):1343\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0735-1097(24)04310-9.","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2128_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2008.01713.x","volume":"38","author":"OP Almeida","year":"2008","unstructured":"Almeida OP, Garrido GJ, Beer C, Lautenschlager NT, Arnolda L, Lenzo NP, et al. Coronary heart disease is associated with regional grey matter volume loss: implications for cognitive function and behaviour. Intern Med J. 2008;38(7):599\u2013606.","journal-title":"Intern Med J"},{"key":"2128_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2015.00224","volume":"7","author":"UC Anazodo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Anazodo UC, Shoemaker JK, Suskin N, Ssali T, Wang DJJ, St. Lawrence KS. Impaired cerebrovascular function in coronary artery disease patients and recovery following cardiac rehabilitation. Front Aging Neurosci. 2016;7:1\u201313.","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"9","key":"2128_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001895","volume":"85","author":"S Rostamian","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rostamian S, Van Buchem MA, Westendorp RGJ, Jukema JW, Mooijaart SP, Sabayan B, et al. Executive function, but not memory, associates with incident coronary heart disease and stroke. Neurology. 2015;85(9):783\u20139.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2128_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sanami S, Tremblay SA, Rezaei A, Zacharie Potvin-Jutras, Sabra D, Intzandt B, et al. The impact of coronary artery disease on brain vascular and metabolic health: links to cognitive function. 2025;1(514):0\u201338. Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.06.02.657532","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.06.02.657532"},{"issue":"3","key":"2128_CR6","first-page":"361","volume":"8","author":"S Carbone","year":"2022","unstructured":"Carbone S, Kim Y, Kachur S, Billingsley H, Kenyon J, De Schutter A, et al. Peak oxygen consumption achieved at the end of cardiac rehabilitation predicts long-term survival in patients with coronary heart disease. Eur Heart J. 2022;8(3):361\u20137.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"4","key":"2128_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322008000400005","volume":"63","author":"DS Bocalini","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bocalini DS, Dos Santos L, Serra AJ. Physical exercise improves the functional capacity and quality of life in patients with heart failure. Clinics. 2008;63(4):437\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/S1807-59322008000400005.","journal-title":"Clinics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2128_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0091251","volume":"9","author":"BJ MacIntosh","year":"2014","unstructured":"MacIntosh BJ, Swardfager W, Crane DE, Ranepura N, Saleem M, Oh PI, et al. Cardiopulmonary fitness correlates with regional cerebral grey matter perfusion and density in men with coronary artery disease. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(3):3\u20139.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"9","key":"2128_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.04.005","volume":"37","author":"K H\u00f6tting","year":"2013","unstructured":"H\u00f6tting K, R\u00f6der B. Beneficial effects of physical exercise on neuroplasticity and cognition. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2013;37(9):2243\u201357.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"issue":"7","key":"2128_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3017","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1015950108","volume":"108","author":"KI Erickson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Erickson KI, Voss MW, Prakash RS, Basak C, Szabo A, Chaddock L, et al. Exercise training increases size of hippocampus and improves memory. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011;108(7):3017\u201322.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"10","key":"2128_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.20547","volume":"19","author":"KI Erickson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Erickson KI, Prakash RS, Voss MW, Chaddock L, Hu L, Morris KS, et al. Aerobic fitness is associated with hippocampal volume in elderly humans. Hippocampus. 2009;19(10):1030\u20139.","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"issue":"5","key":"2128_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2011.11.008","volume":"26","author":"AM Weinstein","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weinstein AM, Voss MW, Prakash RS, Chaddock L, Szabo A, White SM, et al. Is mediated by prefrontal cortex volume. Brain Behav Immun. 2013;26(5):811\u20139.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"2128_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dcn.2016.07.001","volume":"20","author":"L Chaddock-Heyman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chaddock-Heyman L, Erickson KI, Chappell MA, Johnson CL, Kienzler C, Knecht A, et al. Aerobic fitness is associated with greater hippocampal cerebral blood flow in children. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2016;20:52\u20138.","journal-title":"Dev Cogn Neurosci"},{"key":"2128_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X19862873","author":"B Intzandt","year":"2020","unstructured":"Intzandt B, Sabra D, Foster C, Desjardins-Cr\u00e9peau L, Hoge RD, Steele CJ, et al. Higher cardiovascular fitness level is associated with lower cerebrovascular reactivity and perfusion in healthy older adults. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678X19862873.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"2128_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39471","author":"L Maffei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Maffei L, Picano E, Andreassi MG, Angelucci A, Baldacci F, Baroncelli L, et al. Randomized trial on the effects of a combined physical\/cognitive training in aged MCI subjects: the train the brain study. Sci Rep. 2017. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep39471.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2128_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117500","author":"G Olivo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Olivo G, Nilsson J, Garz\u00f3n B, Lebedev A, W\u00e5hlin A, Tarassova O, et al. Immediate effects of a single session of physical exercise on cognition and cerebral blood flow: a randomized controlled study of older adults. Neuroimage. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117500.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"6","key":"2128_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00599.2021","volume":"132","author":"LE DuBose","year":"2022","unstructured":"DuBose LE, Weng TB, Pierce GL, Wharff C, Reist L, Hamilton C, et al. Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cerebrovascular reactivity to a breath-hold stimulus in older adults: influence of aerobic exercise training. J Appl Physiol. 2022;132(6):1468\u201379.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"2128_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Potvin-Jutras Z, Intzandt B, Mohammadi H, Liu P, Chen JJ, Gauthier CJ. Sex-specific effects of intensity and dose of physical activity on BOLD-fMRI cerebrovascular reactivity and cerebral pulsatility. bioRxiv Prepr Serv Biol [Internet]. 2024; Available from: http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmed\/39416007%0Ahttp:\/\/www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov\/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC11482942","DOI":"10.1101\/2024.10.10.617666"},{"issue":"2","key":"2128_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.194","volume":"34","author":"BP Thomas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thomas BP, Liu P, Park DC, Van Osch MJP, Lu H. Cerebrovascular reactivity in the brain white matter: magnitude, temporal characteristics, and age effects. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2014;34(2):242\u20137.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"2128_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dupuy O, Gauthier CJ, Fraser SA, Desjardins-Cr\u00e8peau L, Desjardins M, Mekary S, et al. Higher levels of cardiovascular fitness are associated with better executive function and prefrontal oxygenation in younger and older women. Front Hum Neurosci. 2015;9(FEB):1\u201312.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00066"},{"key":"2128_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci9020038","author":"NF Agbangla","year":"2019","unstructured":"Agbangla NF, Audiffren M, Pylouster J, Albinet CT. Working memory, cognitive load and cardiorespiratory fitness: testing the CRUNCH model with near-infrared spectroscopy. Brain Sci. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci9020038.","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"2128_CR22","unstructured":"Huppert T, Qiao YS. Cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen and accelerometry-based fatigability in community- dwelling older adults. 2025;1\u201323."},{"key":"2128_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.08.29.673075","volume":"1","author":"S Sanami","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sanami S, Rezaei A, Tremblay SA, Potvin-jutras Z, Sabra D. Greater cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with higher cerebral blood flow and lower oxygen extraction fraction in healthy older adults. bioRxiv. 2025;1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.08.29.673075.","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"issue":"4","key":"2128_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.14633","volume":"34","author":"M Kirsch","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kirsch M, Vitiello D, Trachsel LD, Boidin M, Lalong\u00e9 J, Juneau M, et al. Cardiac hemodynamics phenotypes and individual responses to training in coronary heart disease patients. Scand J Med Sci Sport. 2024;34(4):1\u201315.","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sport"},{"issue":"23","key":"2128_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2917","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs221","volume":"33","author":"M Guazzi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Guazzi M, Adams V, Conraads V, Halle M, Mezzani A, Vanhees L, et al. Clinical recommendations for cardiopulmonary exercise testing data assessment in specific patient populations. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(23):2917\u201327.","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2128_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(95)00050-X","volume":"103","author":"RB Banzett","year":"1996","unstructured":"Banzett RB, Lansing RW, Evans KC, Shea SA. Stimulus-response characteristics of CO2-induced air hunger in normal subjects. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 1996;103(1):19\u201331.","journal-title":"Respir Physiol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2128_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.129395","volume":"581","author":"M Slessarev","year":"2007","unstructured":"Slessarev M, Han J, Mardimae A, Prisman E, Preiss D, Volgyesi G, et al. Prospective targeting and control of end-tidal CO2 and O2 concentrations. J Physiol. 2007;581(3):1207\u201319.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"2128_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fradi.2022.929533","volume":"2","author":"P Clement","year":"2022","unstructured":"Clement P, Petr J, Dijsselhof MBJ, Padrela B, Pasternak M, Dolui S, et al. A beginner\u2019s guide to arterial spin labeling (ASL) image processing. Frontiers in Radiology. 2022;2.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Radiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"2128_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3184","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16683690","volume":"37","author":"HJMM Mutsaerts","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mutsaerts HJMM, Petr J, V\u00e1clav\u016f L, van Dalen JW, Robertson AD, Caan MW, et al. The spatial coefficient of variation in arterial spin labeling cerebral blood flow images. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2017;37(9):3184\u201392.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"2128_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mutsaerts HJMM, Petr J, Groot P, Vandemaele P, Ingala S, Groote I, et al. NeuroImage ExploreASL\u202f: an image processing pipeline for multi-center ASL perfusion MRI studies. 2020;219(June).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2020.117031"},{"issue":"6","key":"2128_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21670","volume":"60","author":"I Asllani","year":"2008","unstructured":"Asllani I, Borogovac A, Brown TR. Regression algorithm correcting for partial volume effects in arterial spin labeling MRI. Magn Reson Med. 2008;60(6):1362\u201371.","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"2128_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.643468","author":"E Sleight","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sleight E, Stringer MS, Marshall I, Wardlaw JM, Thrippleton MJ. Cerebrovascular reactivity measurement using magnetic resonance imaging: a systematic review. Front Physiol. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2021.643468.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2128_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21495","volume":"34","author":"CJ Gauthier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gauthier CJ, Hoge RD. A generalized procedure for calibrated MRI incorporating hyperoxia and hypercapnia. Hum Brain Mapp. 2013;34(5):1053\u201369.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"August","key":"2128_CR34","first-page":"1","volume":"14","author":"N Upadhyay","year":"2022","unstructured":"Upadhyay N, Sch\u00f6rkmaier T, Maurer A, Claus J, Scheef L, Daamen M, et al. Regional cortical perfusion increases induced by a 6-month endurance training in young sedentary adults. Front Aging Neurosci. 2022;14(August):1\u201313.","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"key":"2128_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2014.00059","volume":"6","author":"B Zimmerman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zimmerman B, Sutton BP, Low KA, Fletcher MA, Tan CH, Schneider-Garces N, et al. Cardiorespiratory fitness mediates the effects of aging on cerebral blood flow. Front Aging Neurosci. 2014;6:1\u201313.","journal-title":"Front Aging Neurosci"},{"issue":"38","key":"2128_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8680","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1731-05.2005","volume":"25","author":"H Van Praag","year":"2005","unstructured":"Van Praag H, Shubert T, Zhao C, Gage FH. Exercise enhances learning and hippocampal neurogenesis in aged mice. J Neurosci. 2005;25(38):8680\u20135.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2128_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.923076","volume":"13","author":"V Krishnamurthy","year":"2022","unstructured":"Krishnamurthy V, Paredes Spir I, Mammino KM, Nocera JR, McGregor KM, Crosson BA, et al. The relationship between resting cerebral blood flow, neurometabolites, cardio-respiratory fitness and aging-related cognitive decline. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13:1\u201316.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"issue":"9","key":"2128_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1879","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X19865449","volume":"40","author":"HV Furby","year":"2020","unstructured":"Furby HV, Warnert EAH, Marley CJ, Bailey DM, Wise RG. Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with increased middle cerebral arterial compliance and decreased cerebral blood flow in young healthy adults: a pulsed ASL MRI study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2020;40(9):1879\u201389.","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"2128_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(02)02239-4","volume":"934","author":"JA Kleim","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kleim JA, Cooper NR, VandenBerg PM. Exercise induces angiogenesis but does not alter movement representations within rat motor cortex. Brain Res. 2002;934(1):1\u20136.","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2128_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(02)00664-4","volume":"117","author":"RA Swain","year":"2003","unstructured":"Swain RA, Harris AB, Wiener EC, Dutka MV, Morris HD, Theien BE, et al. Prolonged exercise induces angiogenesis and increases cerebral blood volume in primary motor cortex of the rat. Neuroscience. 2003;117(4):1037\u201346.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"2128_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.12.032","volume":"55","author":"JJ Chen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chen JJ, Rosas HD, Salat DH. Age-associated reductions in cerebral blood flow are independent from regional atrophy. Neuroimage. 2011;55(2):468\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.12.032.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"5","key":"2128_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-020-00244-7","volume":"42","author":"T d\u2019Arbeloff","year":"2020","unstructured":"d\u2019Arbeloff T. Cardiovascular fitness and structural brain integrity: an update on current evidence. Geroscience. 2020;42(5):1285\u2013306.","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"2128_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.21.1.82","volume":"21","author":"H Tanaka","year":"2001","unstructured":"Tanaka H, Dinenno FA, Monahan KD, DeSouza CA, Seals DR. Carotid artery wall hypertrophy with age is related to local systolic blood pressure in healthy men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001;21(1):82\u20137.","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2128_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.4.1456","volume":"88","author":"PV Vaitkevicius","year":"1993","unstructured":"Vaitkevicius PV, Fleg JL, Engel JH, O\u2019Connor FC, Wright JG, Lakatta LE, et al. Effects of age and aerobic capacity on arterial stiffness in healthy adults. Circulation. 1993;88(4):1456\u201362.","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"2","key":"2128_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0171305","volume":"12","author":"CH Tan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tan CH, Low KA, Kong T, Fletcher MA, Zimmerman B, MacLin EL, et al. Mapping cerebral pulse pressure and arterial compliance over the adult lifespan with optical imaging. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(2):1\u201323.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"2128_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1113\/JP270597","volume":"594","author":"DHJ Thijssen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thijssen DHJ, Carter SE, Green DJ. Arterial structure and function in vascular ageing: are you as old as your arteries? J Physiol. 2016;594(8):2275\u201384.","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2128_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617721000394","volume":"27","author":"JN Barnes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barnes JN, Pearson AG, Corkery AT, Eisenmann NA, Miller KB. Exercise, arterial stiffness, and cerebral vascular function: potential impact on brain health. J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2021;27(8):761\u201375.","journal-title":"J Int Neuropsychol Soc"},{"issue":"6","key":"2128_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-023-05154-y","volume":"123","author":"ES Bliss","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bliss ES, Biki SM, Wong RHX, Howe PRC, Mills DE. The benefits of regular aerobic exercise training on cerebrovascular function and cognition in older adults. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2023;123(6):1323\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00421-023-05154-y.","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2128_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01258.2012","volume":"114","author":"JN Barnes","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barnes JN, Taylor JL, Kluck BN, Johnson CP, Joyner MJ. Cerebrovascular reactivity is associated with maximal aerobic capacity in healthy older adults. J Appl Physiol. 2013;114(10):1383\u20137.","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2128_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-012-9414-x","volume":"35","author":"CJ Murrell","year":"2013","unstructured":"Murrell CJ, Cotter JD, Thomas KN, Lucas SJE, Williams MJA, Ainslie PN. Cerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity at rest and during sub-maximal exercise: effect of age and 12-week exercise training. Age. 2013;35(3):905\u201320.","journal-title":"Age"},{"issue":"6","key":"2128_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.12674","volume":"27","author":"ID Braz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Braz ID, Fl\u00fcck D, Lip GYH, Lundby C, Fisher JP. Impact of aerobic fitness on cerebral blood flow and cerebral vascular responsiveness to CO2 in young and older men. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2017;27(6):634\u201342.","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"issue":"1","key":"2128_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1177\/13872877251325575","volume":"105","author":"S Penukonda","year":"2025","unstructured":"Penukonda S, Srinivasan S, Tarumi T, Tomoto T, Sheng M, Cullum CM, et al. One-year exercise improves cognition and fitness and decreases vascular stiffness and reactivity to CO2 in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. J Alzheimers Dis. 2025;105(1):245\u201357.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"2128_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fl\u00fcck D, Beaudin AE, Steinback CD, Kumarpillai G, Shobha N, McCreary CR, et al. Effects of aging on the association between cerebrovascular responses to visual stimulation, hypercapnia and arterial stiffness. Front Physiol. 2014;5 FEB(February).","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2014.00049"},{"key":"2128_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sabra D, Intzandt B, Desjardins-Crepeau L, Langeard A, Steele CJ, Frouin F, et al. Sex moderations in the relationship between aortic stiffness, cognition, and cerebrovascular reactivity in healthy older adults. PLoS One. 2021;16(9 September):1\u201319.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257815"},{"issue":"6","key":"2128_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.2176","volume":"11","author":"A Ovsenik","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ovsenik A, Podbregar M, Fabjan A. Cerebral blood flow impairment and cognitive decline in heart failure. Brain Behav. 2021;11(6):1\u201310.","journal-title":"Brain Behav"},{"issue":"6","key":"2128_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1426","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq224","volume":"21","author":"H Lu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lu H, Xu F, Rodrigue KM, Kennedy KM, Cheng Y, Flicker B, et al. Alterations in cerebral metabolic rate and blood supply across the adult lifespan. Cereb Cortex. 2011;21(6):1426\u201334.","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2128_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.04.078","volume":"98","author":"SL Peng","year":"2014","unstructured":"Peng SL, Dumas JA, Park DC, Liu P, Filbey FM, McAdams CJ, et al. Age-related increase of resting metabolic rate in the human brain. Neuroimage. 2014;98:176\u201383.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"10","key":"2128_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3973","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.22891","volume":"36","author":"JB De Vis","year":"2015","unstructured":"De Vis JB, Hendrikse J, Bhogal A, Adams A, Kappelle LJ, Petersen ET. Age-related changes in brain hemodynamics; a calibrated MRI study. Hum Brain Mapp. 2015;36(10):3973\u201387.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"1","key":"2128_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-025-02656-1","volume":"24","author":"A Mengozzi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mengozzi A, Armenia S, De Biase N, Del PL, Cappelli F, Duranti E, et al. Circulating mitochondrial DNA signature in cardiometabolic patients. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2025;24(1):1\u201314.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2128_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alsop DC, Detre JA, Golay X, G\u00fcnther M, Hendrikse J, Hernandez\u2010Garcia L, et al. Recommended implementation of arterial spin\u2010labeled perfusion MRI for clinical applications: a consensus of the ISMRM perfusion study group and the European consortium for ASL in dementia. Magn Reson Med. 2015;73(1).","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25607"}],"container-title":["GeroScience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11357-026-02128-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11357-026-02128-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11357-026-02128-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:05:19Z","timestamp":1791248719000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11357-026-02128-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11357-026-02128-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2509-2723"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2509-2723","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was approved by the Comit\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9thique de la recherche et du d\u00e9veloppement des nouvelles technologies (C\u00c9RDNT) of the Montreal Heart Institute and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. All participants were screened for eligibility and provided written informed consent prior to participation. Human data collection and MRI procedures were performed at the Montreal Heart Institute. No animal procedures were involved in this research.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This manuscript has been reviewed and approved by all authors prior to submission. All participants provided written informed consent, which included consent for publication of anonymized group-level results.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors report no competing interests.\u00a0","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}