{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T03:36:13Z","timestamp":1772076973555,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["GeroScience"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-026-02164-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T02:17:13Z","timestamp":1772072233000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cardiovascular risk factors and vascular neuropathological findings in primary age-related tauopathy versus Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6342-9336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa Y.","family":"Xiong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0308-2593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Myuri","family":"Ruthirakuhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Si Won","family":"Ryoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Che-Yuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9275-4787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jodi D.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4754-2221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer S.","family":"Rabin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5944-8497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Carmela","family":"Tartaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7093-8289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra E.","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Keith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0030-8908","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walter","family":"Swardfager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2164_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2020.00005","volume":"7","author":"C Sierra","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sierra C. Hypertension and the risk of dementia. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2020;7:5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2020.00005.","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2164_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.2337\/ds16-0041","volume":"29","author":"B Cholerton","year":"2016","unstructured":"Cholerton B, Baker LD, Montine TJ, et al. Type 2 diabetes, cognition, and dementia in older adults: toward a precision health approach. Diabetes Spectr. 2016;29:210\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ds16-0041.","journal-title":"Diabetes Spectr"},{"key":"2164_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dad2.12395","volume":"15","author":"J Wee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wee J, Sukudom S, Bhat S, et al. The relationship between midlife dyslipidemia and lifetime incidence of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Alzheimer\u2019s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring. 2023;15:e12395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dad2.12395.","journal-title":"Alzheimer's & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring"},{"key":"2164_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.030226","volume":"52","author":"S Oveisgharan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oveisgharan S, Yu L, Capuano A, et al. Late-life vascular risk score in association with postmortem cerebrovascular disease brain pathologies. Stroke. 2021;52:2060\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.120.030226.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2164_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25399","volume":"85","author":"JS Rabin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rabin JS, Yang H-S, Schultz AP, et al. Vascular risk and \u03b2-amyloid are synergistically associated with cortical tau. Ann Neurol. 2019;85:272\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ana.25399.","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"2164_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2766","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13717","volume":"20","author":"M Ruthirakuhan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ruthirakuhan M, Swardfager W, Xiong L, et al. Investigating the impact of hypertension with and without diabetes on Alzheimer\u2019s disease risk: a clinico-pathological study. Alzheimers Dement. 2024;20:2766\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz.13717.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"2164_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.10.005","volume":"74","author":"D Fuhrmann","year":"2019","unstructured":"Fuhrmann D, Nesbitt D, Shafto M, et al. Strong and specific associations between cardiovascular risk factors and white matter micro- and macrostructure in healthy aging. Neurobiol Aging. 2019;74:46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.10.005.","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"2164_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-023-01858-9","volume":"83","author":"J Cummings","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cummings J. Anti-Amyloid Monoclonal Antibodies are Transformative Treatments that Redefine Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Therapeutics. Drugs. 2023;83:569\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40265-023-01858-9.","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"2164_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-014-1349-0","volume":"128","author":"JF Crary","year":"2014","unstructured":"Crary JF, Trojanowski JQ, Schneider JA, et al. Primary age-related tauopathy (PART): a common pathology associated with human aging. Acta Neuropathol. 2014;128:755\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-014-1349-0.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2164_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31824b211b","volume":"71","author":"TG Beach","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beach TG, Monsell SE, Phillips LE, et al. Accuracy of the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease at National Institute on Aging Alzheimer Disease Centers, 2005-2010. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2012;71:266\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/NEN.0b013e31824b211b.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2164_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0206-2","volume":"12","author":"J Attems","year":"2014","unstructured":"Attems J, Jellinger KA. The overlap between vascular disease and Alzheimer\u2019s disease - lessons from pathology. BMC Med. 2014;12:206. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-014-0206-2.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2164_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004521","volume":"89","author":"LM Besser","year":"2017","unstructured":"Besser LM, Crary JF, Mock C, et al. Comparison of symptomatic and asymptomatic persons with primary age-related tauopathy. Neurology. 2017;89:1707\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004521.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2164_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000279","volume":"32","author":"L Besser","year":"2018","unstructured":"Besser L, Kukull W, Knopman DS, et al. Version 3 of the National Alzheimer\u2019s Coordinating Center\u2019s Uniform Data Set. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2018;32:351\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WAD.0000000000000279.","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"key":"2164_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WAD.0b013e318142774e","volume":"21","author":"DL Beekly","year":"2007","unstructured":"Beekly DL, Ramos EM, Lee WW, et al. The National Alzheimer\u2019s Coordinating Center (NACC) database: the uniform data set. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2007;21:249. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/WAD.0b013e318142774e.","journal-title":"Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord"},{"key":"2164_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nly049","volume":"77","author":"LM Besser","year":"2018","unstructured":"Besser LM, Kukull WA, Teylan MA, et al. The Revised National Alzheimer\u2019s Coordinating Center\u2019s Neuropathology Form\u2014Available Data and New Analyses. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2018;77:717\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnen\/nly049.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2164_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.4363","volume":"79","author":"DP Devanand","year":"2022","unstructured":"Devanand DP, Lee S, Huey ED, et al. Associations between neuropsychiatric symptoms and neuropathological diagnoses of Alzheimer disease and related dementias. JAMA Psychiatr. 2022;79:359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2021.4363.","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatr"},{"key":"2164_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.10.007","volume":"8","author":"BT Hyman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hyman BT, Phelps CH, Beach TG, et al. National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer\u2019s Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2012;8:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.10.007.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"2164_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0910-3","volume":"123","author":"TJ Montine","year":"2012","unstructured":"Montine TJ, Phelps CH, Beach TG, et al. National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer\u2019s Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: a practical approach. Acta Neuropathol. 2012;123:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-011-0910-3.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2164_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.01.028","volume":"13","author":"KS Jefferson-George","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jefferson-George KS, Wolk DA, Lee EB, et al. Cognitive decline associated with pathological burden in primary age-related tauopathy. Alzheimers Dement. 2017;13:1048\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.01.028.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"2164_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nly132","volume":"78","author":"LM Besser","year":"2019","unstructured":"Besser LM, Mock C, Teylan MA, et al. Differences in cognitive impairment in primary age-related tauopathy versus Alzheimer disease. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2019;78:219\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jnen\/nly132.","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2164_CR21","volume-title":"Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease","author":"V Kumar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kumar V, Abbas AK, Aster JC. Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 10th ed. Elsevier - Health Sciences Division; 2020.","edition":"10th ed"},{"key":"2164_CR22","first-page":"49","volume":"4","author":"S Love","year":"2015","unstructured":"Love S, Chalmers K, Ince P, et al. Erratum: Development, appraisal, validation and implementation of a consensus protocol for the assessment of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in post-mortem brain tissue. Am J Neurodegener Dis. 2015;4:49.","journal-title":"Am J Neurodegener Dis"},{"key":"2164_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04794.x","volume":"977","author":"L White","year":"2002","unstructured":"White L, Petrovitch H, Hardman J, et al. Cerebrovascular pathology and dementia in autopsied Honolulu-Asia Aging Study participants. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2002;977:9\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04794.x.","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2164_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828c2f52","volume":"80","author":"MB Westover","year":"2013","unstructured":"Westover MB, Bianchi MT, Yang C, et al. Estimating cerebral microinfarct burden from autopsy samples. Neurology. 2013;80:1365\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31828c2f52.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2164_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.595082","volume":"42","author":"Z Arvanitakis","year":"2011","unstructured":"Arvanitakis Z, Leurgans SE, Barnes LL, et al. Microinfarct pathology, dementia, and cognitive systems. Stroke. 2011;42:722\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.595082.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2164_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2009-1178","volume":"18","author":"L White","year":"2009","unstructured":"White L. Brain lesions at autopsy in older Japanese-American men as related to cognitive impairment and dementia in the final years of life: a summary report from the Honolulu-Asia aging study. J Alzheimers Dis. 2009;18:713\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3233\/JAD-2009-1178.","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"key":"2164_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31824e8e7f","volume":"78","author":"V Deramecourt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Deramecourt V, Slade JY, Oakley AE, et al. Staging and natural history of cerebrovascular pathology in dementia. Neurology. 2012;78:1043\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31824e8e7f.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2164_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2010.08.228","volume":"7","author":"AE Roher","year":"2011","unstructured":"Roher AE, Tyas SL, Maarouf CL, et al. Intracranial atherosclerosis as a contributing factor to Alzheimer\u2019s disease dementia. Alzheimers Dement. 2011;7:436\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2010.08.228.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"2164_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.65.6.974","volume":"65","author":"AE Roher","year":"2005","unstructured":"Roher AE, Esh C, Kokjohn T, et al. Atherosclerosis and AD: analysis of data from the US National Alzheimer\u2019s Coordinating Center. Neurology. 2005;65:974\u2013974. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.65.6.974.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2164_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-006-0136-y","volume":"113","author":"TG Beach","year":"2007","unstructured":"Beach TG, Wilson JR, Sue LI, et al. Circle of Willis atherosclerosis: association with Alzheimer\u2019s disease, neuritic plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Acta Neuropathol. 2007;113:13\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-006-0136-y.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2164_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2222","DOI":"10.1161\/01.str.28.11.2222","volume":"28","author":"GA Lammie","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lammie GA, Brannan F, Slattery J, et al. Nonhypertensive cerebral small-vessel disease. An autopsy study. Stroke. 1997;28:2222\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.str.28.11.2222.","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2164_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12041","volume":"23","author":"LJL Craggs","year":"2013","unstructured":"Craggs LJL, Hagel C, Kuhlenbaeumer G, et al. Quantitative vascular pathology and phenotyping familial and sporadic cerebral small vessel diseases. Brain Pathol. 2013;23:547\u201357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bpa.12041.","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"2164_CR33","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing","author":"R Core Team","year":"2022","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing; 2022."},{"key":"2164_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005","volume":"7","author":"GM McKhann","year":"2011","unstructured":"McKhann GM, Knopman DS, Chertkow H, et al. The diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer\u2019s disease: recommendations from the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer\u2019s Association workgroups on diagnostic guidelines for Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2011;7:263\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"2164_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2022.06.012","volume":"178","author":"N Villain","year":"2022","unstructured":"Villain N, Planche V, Levy R. High-clearance anti-amyloid immunotherapies in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Part 1: meta-analysis and review of efficacy and safety data, and medico-economical aspects. Rev Neurol (Paris). 2022;178:1011\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neurol.2022.06.012.","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"key":"2164_CR36","volume-title":"Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy","author":"J Singh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Singh J, Hegazy MI. Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy. StatPearls, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025."},{"key":"2164_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.754","volume":"71","author":"MI Kester","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kester MI, Goos JDC, Teunissen CE, et al. Associations between cerebral small-vessel disease and Alzheimer disease pathology as measured by cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. JAMA Neurol. 2014;71:855\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.754.","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"key":"2164_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2023.11.022","volume":"115","author":"T Matthews","year":"2024","unstructured":"Matthews T, Rasmussen LJH, Ambler A, et al. Social isolation, loneliness, and inflammation: a multi-cohort investigation in early and mid-adulthood. Brain Behav Immun. 2024;115:727\u201336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbi.2023.11.022.","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"2164_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1038\/nn0403-345","volume":"6","author":"L Puglielli","year":"2003","unstructured":"Puglielli L, Tanzi RE, Kovacs DM. Alzheimer\u2019s disease: the cholesterol connection. Nat Neurosci. 2003;6:345\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn0403-345.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2164_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.07.215","volume":"15","author":"WR Bell","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bell WR, An Y, Kageyama Y, et al. Neuropathologic, genetic, and longitudinal cognitive profiles in primary age\u2010related tauopathy (PART) and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2019;15:8\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.07.215.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"2164_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2024.105604","volume":"159","author":"V van Gils","year":"2024","unstructured":"van Gils V, Rizzo M, C\u00f4t\u00e9 J, et al. The association of glucose metabolism measures and diabetes status with Alzheimer\u2019s disease biomarkers of amyloid and tau: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2024;159:105604. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2024.105604.","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2164_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.04.015","volume":"15","author":"I Bos","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bos I, Vos SJB, Schindler SE, et al. Vascular risk factors are associated with longitudinal changes in cerebrospinal fluid tau markers and cognition in preclinical Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Alzheimers Dement. 2019;15:1149\u201359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.04.015.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"2164_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-008-0490-z","volume":"18","author":"M Selim","year":"2008","unstructured":"Selim M, Jones R, Novak P, et al. The effects of body mass index on cerebral blood flow velocity. Clin Auton Res. 2008;18:331\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10286-008-0490-z.","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"key":"2164_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2011.16","volume":"19","author":"KC Willeumier","year":"2011","unstructured":"Willeumier KC, Taylor DV, Amen DG. Elevated BMI is associated with decreased blood flow in the prefrontal cortex using SPECT imaging in healthy adults. Obesity. 2011;19:1095\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/oby.2011.16.","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"2164_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1159\/000343222","volume":"2","author":"ML Alosco","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alosco ML, Spitznagel MB, Raz N, et al. Obesity interacts with cerebral hypoperfusion to exacerbate cognitive impairment in older adults with heart failure. Cerebrovasc Dis Extra. 2012;2:88\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000343222.","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Dis Extra"},{"key":"2164_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2575","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvab284","volume":"117","author":"LE Evans","year":"2021","unstructured":"Evans LE, Taylor JL, Smith CJ, et al. Cardiovascular comorbidities, inflammation, and cerebral small vessel disease. Cardiovasc Res. 2021;117:2575\u201388. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cvr\/cvab284.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Res"},{"key":"2164_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz403","volume":"143","author":"M Teylan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Teylan M, Mock C, Gauthreaux K, et al. Cognitive trajectory in mild cognitive impairment due to primary age-related tauopathy. Brain. 2020;143:611\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awz403.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2164_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0130-5","volume":"12","author":"RFAG de Bruijn","year":"2014","unstructured":"de Bruijn RFAG, Ikram MA. Cardiovascular risk factors and future risk of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. BMC Med. 2014;12:130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12916-014-0130-5.","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2164_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2694","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012025","volume":"96","author":"S Oveisgharan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oveisgharan S, Capuano AW, Nag S, et al. Association of hemoglobin A1C with TDP-43 pathology in community-based elders. Neurology. 2021;96:e2694-703. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/WNL.0000000000012025.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2164_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16320","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1002176107","volume":"107","author":"P-M Chiang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chiang P-M, Ling J, Jeong YH, et al. Deletion of TDP-43 down-regulates Tbc1d1, a gene linked to obesity, and alters body fat metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:16320\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1002176107.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2164_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-12133-4","volume":"12","author":"N Egawa","year":"2022","unstructured":"Egawa N, Izumi Y, Suzuki H, et al. TDP-43 regulates cholesterol biosynthesis by inhibiting sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2. Sci Rep. 2022;12:7988. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-022-12133-4.","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2164_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-023-02570-4","volume":"146","author":"L Yu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yu L, Boyle PA, Janelidze S, et al. Plasma p-tau181 and p-tau217 in discriminating PART, AD and other key neuropathologies in older adults. Acta Neuropathol. 2023;146:1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00401-023-02570-4.","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2164_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5143","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13859","volume":"20","author":"CR Jack","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jack CR, Andrews JS, Beach TG, et al. Revised criteria for diagnosis and staging of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Alzheimer\u2019s Association workgroup. Alzheimers Dement. 2024;20:5143\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alz.13859.","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"}],"container-title":["GeroScience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11357-026-02164-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11357-026-02164-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11357-026-02164-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T02:17:15Z","timestamp":1772072235000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11357-026-02164-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["2164"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11357-026-02164-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2509-2723"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2509-2723","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 October 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 February 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"NACC data are freely available to researchers worldwide. Informed consent was obtained from all participants and co\u2010participants at the individual Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Centers (ADRCs). The NACC data were de\u2010identified.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics and consent to participate"}},{"value":"None.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}}]}}