{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:47:52Z","timestamp":1791838072109,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Behav Health Serv Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In safety-net care management, high-need, high-cost (HNHC) adults often receive bundled services. The independent contribution of embedded psychological-services engagement is unclear. This retrospective cohort study used target trial emulation under the ICH E9(R1) estimand framework to evaluate an opt-out embedded psychological-services pathway nested within a manualized social-determinants-of-health\u2013focused care-management program at four Phoenix Federally Qualified Health Centers. Eligible HNHC adults had\u2009\u2265\u20091 inpatient admission or\u2009\u2265\u20092 emergency department visits in the prior 12\u00a0months. Each received a scripted opt-out engagement protocol with structured warm-handoff referral where operationally available. Accepted\/engaged status was classified as attendance at\u2009\u2265\u20091 behavioral health session within 60\u00a0days; the comparator was declined\/no-show after the standardized offer. The 60-day composite outcome combined hospital admissions and emergency department visits ascertained from claims linked to a shared electronic health record. Stabilized inverse-probability-of-engagement weighting addressed measured confounders. Sensitivity analyses spanned engagement timing or classification, missing data, unmeasured confounding, propensity-score specification, and clinic-level dependence. Among 1038 adults, 485 (46.7%) were classified as accepted\/engaged. Accepted\/engaged status was associated with a 33% lower 60-day composite acute-care rate (adjusted incidence-rate ratio [aIRR] 0.665; 95% CI, 0.585\u20130.757;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). The lower composite rate was driven by ED visits (aIRR 0.619; 95% CI, 0.536\u20130.715;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). The 60-day admissions component alone was not statistically significant (aIRR 0.891; 95% CI, 0.669\u20131.188;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.43). All five Holm\u2013Bonferroni-corrected endpoints survived correction: the 60-day composite outcome, 60-day EQ-5D-5L, 30-day WHO-5 wellbeing, 30-day PHQ-9, and 30-day GAD-7. The\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    -value (point 2.37; CI-bound 1.97) implies that an unmeasured confounder would need strong association with both engagement and outcome to fully explain the result. Observed accepted\/engaged status with embedded psychological services was associated with lower short-term acute-care utilization in safety-net HNHC adults already enrolled in multicomponent care management.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-026-10021-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:18:08Z","timestamp":1791836288000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Embedded Psychological Services and Lower 60-Day Acute-Care Utilization in High-Need, High-Cost Adults: A Target Trial Emulation"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1972-3260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sasha R.","family":"Sioni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jay","family":"Al-Hashimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Al Mouslmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"Manson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"10021_CR1","unstructured":"Peek CJ, National Integration Academy Council. Lexicon for behavioral health and primary care integration: Concepts and definitions developed by expert consensus. AHRQ Publication No. 13-IP001-EF. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2013. Available at https:\/\/integrationacademy.ahrq.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2020-06\/Lexicon.pdf. Accessed 25 April, 2026."},{"key":"10021_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reiter JT, Dobmeyer AC, Hunter CL. The primary care behavioral health (PCBH) model: An overview and operational definition. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings 2018; 25(2):109\u2013126. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10880-017-9531-x. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10880-017-9531-x"},{"key":"10021_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Beiser DG, Ward CE, Vu M, et al. Depression in emergency department patients and association with health care utilization. Academic Emergency Medicine 2019; 26(8):878\u2013888. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acem.13726. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13726"},{"key":"10021_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Maeng DD, Poleshuck E, Rosenberg T, et al. Primary care behavioral health integration and care utilization. Journal of General Internal Medicine 2022; 37(11):2691\u20132697. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11606-021-07372-6. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-021-07372-6"},{"key":"10021_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Archer J, Bower P, Gilbody S, et al. Collaborative care for depression and anxiety problems. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012; 10:CD006525. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD006525.pub2. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD006525.pub2"},{"key":"10021_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Unutzer J, Katon W, Callahan CM, et al. Collaborative care management of late-life depression in the primary care setting. JAMA 2002; 288(22):2836\u20132845. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.288.22.2836. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.22.2836"},{"key":"10021_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Woltmann E, Grogan-Kaylor A, Perron B, et al. Comparative effectiveness of collaborative chronic care models for mental health conditions. American Journal of Psychiatry 2012; 169(8):790\u2013804. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.11111616. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2012.11111616"},{"key":"10021_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Katon WJ, Lin EHB, Von Korff M, et al. Collaborative care for patients with depression and chronic illnesses. New England Journal of Medicine 2010; 363(27):2611\u20132620. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1003955. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1003955"},{"key":"10021_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hostutler CA, Wolf N, Snider T, et al. Increasing access to and utilization of behavioral health care through integrated primary care. Pediatrics 2023; 152(6):e2023062514. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2023-062514. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2023-062514"},{"key":"10021_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"McClure JM, Mara CA, Stark LJ, et al. The influence of Project ECHO and integrated behavioral health in primary care on emergency department visits among youth diagnosed with depression. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 2025; 52(2):357\u2013366. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-024-09928-w. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-024-09928-w"},{"key":"10021_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Swift JK, Greenberg RP. Premature discontinuation in adult psychotherapy: A meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 2012; 80(4):547\u2013559. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0028226. Accessed 24 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1037\/a0028226"},{"key":"10021_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Olfson M, Mojtabai R, Sampson NA, et al. Dropout from outpatient mental health care in the United States. Psychiatric Services 2009; 60(7):898\u2013907. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1176\/ps.2009.60.7.898. Accessed 24 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1176\/ps.2009.60.7.898"},{"key":"10021_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Manderscheid RW, Ward A. Looking toward the future of integrated care: History, developments, and opportunities. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 2024; 51(4):609\u2013617. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-024-09894-3. Accessed 6 May, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-024-09894-3"},{"key":"10021_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Shamaskin-Garroway AM, Rosenberg T. Implementing a just-in-time precepting model in two integrated behavioral health programs: A response to the COVID-19 mental health surge. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 2026; 53(2):313\u2013320. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-025-09974-y. Accessed 6 May, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-025-09974-y"},{"key":"10021_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zuschlag ZD, Lord B, Smith T, et al. The management of depression and anxiety in primary care: Examining predictors of adherence to a psychopharmacological collaborative care management program for veterans. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 2025; 52(1):19\u201331. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-024-09904-4. Accessed 1 May, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-024-09904-4"},{"key":"10021_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gass JC, Funderburk JS, Wiseblatt AF, et al. A novel approach for patients with risky drinking or tobacco smoking and comorbid cardiovascular concerns: Applying interdisciplinary conjoint appointments in an integrated primary care setting. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 2025; 52(4):728\u2013737. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-025-09943-5. Accessed 1 May, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-025-09943-5"},{"key":"10021_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Austin EJ, Bentley MJ, Ferro L, et al. Experiences of team collaboration in primary care-based delivery of opioid use disorder treatment. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 2025; 52(4):560\u2013572. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-025-09946-2. Accessed 1 May, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-025-09946-2"},{"key":"10021_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Marriott BR, Meyer AE, Feagans A, et al. Characterizing fidelity monitoring practices in community behavioral health care. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 2026; 53(1):45\u201364. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-025-09967-x. Accessed 1 May, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-025-09967-x"},{"key":"10021_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Figueroa JF, Joynt Maddox KE, Beaulieu N, et al. Concentration of potentially preventable spending among high-cost Medicare subpopulations. Annals of Internal Medicine 2017; 167(10):706\u2013713. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M17-0767. Accessed 24 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.7326\/M17-0767"},{"key":"10021_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pourat N, Lu C, Huerta DM, et al. Service utilization by high-need, high-cost patients following emergency department visits. American Journal of Managed Care 2025; 31(11):665\u2013671. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37765\/ajmc.2025.89818. Accessed 24 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.37765\/ajmc.2025.89818"},{"key":"10021_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sappington E, Gum A, Roberts M, et al. Patient-centered care in healthcare services: Feedback from older adults engaging in primary care-based behavioral health programs. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 2026; 53(1):19\u201344. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-025-09971-1. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-025-09971-1"},{"key":"10021_CR22","unstructured":"International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. ICH harmonised guideline E9(R1): Addendum on estimands and sensitivity analysis in clinical trials. November, 2019. Available at https:\/\/database.ich.org\/sites\/default\/files\/E9-R1_Step4_Guideline_2019_1203.pdf. Accessed 27 April, 2026."},{"key":"10021_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sioni SR, Manson L, Arledge N. Short-term gains, enduring potential: an integrated SDOH-focused care model delivers cost savings and patient-reported benefits. Population Health Management 2025; 28(3):161\u2013172. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/pop.2024.0245. Accessed 24 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1089\/pop.2024.0245"},{"key":"10021_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hern\u00e1n MA, Robins JM. Using big data to emulate a target trial when a randomized trial is not available. American Journal of Epidemiology 2016; 183(8):758\u2013764. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwv254. Accessed 24 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwv254"},{"key":"10021_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cashin AG, Hansford HJ, Hern\u00e1n MA, et al. Transparent reporting of observational studies emulating a target trial: The TARGET Statement. BMJ 2025; 390:e087179. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj-2025-087179. Accessed 7 August, 2026.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2025-087179"},{"key":"10021_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"von Elm E, Altman DG, Egger M, et al. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement. PLOS Medicine 2007; 4(10):e296. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040296. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0040296"},{"key":"10021_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Benchimol EI, Smeeth L, Guttmann A, et al. The REporting of studies Conducted using Observational Routinely-collected health Data (RECORD) statement. PLOS Medicine 2015; 12(10):e1001885. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001885. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001885"},{"key":"10021_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Callahan A, Shah NH, Chen JH. Research and reporting considerations for observational studies using electronic health record data. Annals of Internal Medicine 2020; 172(11 Suppl):S79-S84. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M19-0873. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.7326\/M19-0873"},{"key":"10021_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Hoffmann TC, Glasziou PP, Boutron I, et al. Better reporting of interventions: Template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide. BMJ 2014; 348:g1687. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.g1687. Accessed 24 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.g1687"},{"key":"10021_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Durlak JA, DuPre EP. Implementation matters: A review of research on the influence of implementation on program outcomes and the factors affecting implementation. American Journal of Community Psychology 2008; 41(3\u20134):327\u2013350. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10464-008-9165-0. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10464-008-9165-0"},{"key":"10021_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cuijpers P, Huibers M, Ebert DD, et al. How much psychotherapy is needed to treat depression? A metaregression analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders 2013; 149(1\u20133):1\u201313. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jad.2013.02.030. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2013.02.030"},{"key":"10021_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Robinson L, Delgadillo J, Kellett S. The dose\u2013response effect in routinely delivered psychological therapies: A systematic review. Psychotherapy Research 2020; 30(1):79\u201396. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10503307.2019.1566676. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1080\/10503307.2019.1566676"},{"key":"10021_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Venkatesh AK, Mei H, Kocher KE, et al. Identification of emergency department visits in Medicare administrative claims. Academic Emergency Medicine 2017; 24(4):422\u2013431. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/acem.13140. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1111\/acem.13140"},{"key":"10021_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Li P, Redden DT. Small sample performance of bias-corrected sandwich estimators for cluster-randomized trials with binary outcomes. Statistics in Medicine 2015; 34(2):281\u2013296. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.6344. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6344"},{"key":"10021_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Pustejovsky JE, Tipton E. Small-sample methods for cluster-robust variance estimation and hypothesis testing in fixed effects models. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 2018; 36(4):672\u2013683. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07350015.2016.1247004. Accessed 25 April, 2026. Corrigendum: Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 2023; 41(2):650\u2013652. Available at 10.1080\/07350015.2023.2174123. Accessed 4 May, 2026.","DOI":"10.1080\/07350015.2016.1247004"},{"key":"10021_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cole SR, Hern\u00e1n MA. Constructing inverse probability weights for marginal structural models. American Journal of Epidemiology 2008; 168(6):656\u2013664. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwn164. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn164"},{"key":"10021_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van Buuren S, Groothuis-Oudshoorn K. mice: Multivariate imputation by chained equations in R. Journal of Statistical Software 2011; 45(3):1\u201367. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18637\/jss.v045.i03. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v045.i03"},{"key":"10021_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"White IR, Royston P, Wood AM. Multiple imputation using chained equations: Issues and guidance for practice. Statistics in Medicine 2011; 30(4):377\u2013399. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/sim.4067. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4067"},{"key":"10021_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"VanderWeele TJ, Ding P. Sensitivity analysis in observational research: Introducing the E-value. Annals of Internal Medicine 2017; 167(4):268\u2013274. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/M16-2607. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.7326\/M16-2607"},{"key":"10021_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mathur MB, Ding P, Riddell CA, et al. Website and R package for computing E-values. Epidemiology 2018; 29(5):e45-e47. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000864. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000864"},{"key":"10021_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Liang KY, Zeger SL. Longitudinal data analysis using generalized linear models. Biometrika 1986; 73(1):13\u201322. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/biomet\/73.1.13. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/73.1.13"},{"key":"10021_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lipsitch M, Tchetgen Tchetgen E, Cohen T. Negative controls: A tool for detecting confounding and bias in observational studies. Epidemiology 2010; 21(3):383\u2013388. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181d61eeb. Accessed 24 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e3181d61eeb"},{"key":"10021_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Arnold BF, Ercumen A, Benjamin-Chung J, et al. Brief report: Negative controls to detect selection bias and measurement bias in epidemiologic studies. Epidemiology 2016; 27(5):637\u2013641. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000504. Accessed 24 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000504"},{"key":"10021_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lakens D. Sample size justification. Collabra: Psychology 2022; 8(1):33267. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1525\/collabra.33267. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1525\/collabra.33267"},{"key":"10021_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Brookhart MA, Schneeweiss S, Rothman KJ, et al. Variable selection for propensity score models. American Journal of Epidemiology 2006; 163(12):1149\u20131156. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/aje\/kwj149. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj149"},{"key":"10021_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Thota AB, Sipe TA, Byard GJ, et al. Collaborative care to improve the management of depressive disorders: A Community Guide systematic review and meta-analysis. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 2012; 42(5):525\u2013538. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amepre.2012.01.019. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2012.01.019"},{"key":"10021_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Alegria M, NeMoyer A, Falgas Bague I, et al. Social determinants of mental health. Current Psychiatry Reports 2018; 20(11):Article 95. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11920-018-0969-9. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-018-0969-9"},{"key":"10021_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Braveman P, Gottlieb L. The social determinants of health: It's time to consider the causes of the causes. Public Health Reports 2014; 129(Suppl 2):19\u201331. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/00333549141291S206. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1177\/00333549141291S206"},{"key":"10021_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bao Y, Casalino LP, Pincus HA. Behavioral health and health care reform models: Patient-centered medical home, health home, and accountable care organization. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 2013; 40(1):121\u2013132. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-012-9306-y. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-012-9306-y"},{"key":"10021_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"MacKinnon JG, Nielsen MO, Webb MD. Cluster-robust inference: A guide to empirical practice. Journal of Econometrics 2023; 232(2):272\u2013299. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jeconom.2022.04.001. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeconom.2022.04.001"},{"key":"10021_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cameron AC, Gelbach JB, Miller DL. Bootstrap-based improvements for inference with clustered errors. Review of Economics and Statistics 2008; 90(3):414\u2013427. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/rest.90.3.414. Accessed 25 April, 2026.","DOI":"10.1162\/rest.90.3.414"},{"key":"10021_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Matthews EB, Stanhope VE, Hu Y, et al. The role of certified community behavioral health centers in improving access to peer-supported services. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research 2025; 52(1):180\u2013188. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-024-09903-5. Accessed 7 August, 2026.","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-024-09903-5"},{"key":"10021_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Olgac T, McCann E, Riske-Morris M, et al. A critical examination of the Certified Community Behavioral Health Clinic model: Provider perceptions and themes. Health Services Research 2026; 61(1):e70041. Available at https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1475-6773.70041. Accessed 7 August, 2026.","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.70041"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Behavioral Health Services &amp; Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11414-026-10021-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11414-026-10021-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11414-026-10021-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:18:10Z","timestamp":1791836290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11414-026-10021-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"references-count":53,"alternative-id":["10021"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11414-026-10021-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1094-3412","1556-3308"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1094-3412","type":"print"},{"value":"1556-3308","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 September 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 October 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Approved by Arizona State University IRB (Protocol No. STUDY00021390). Not human subjects research determination issued 12\/12\/2024. No continuing review or protocol amendments occurred during the analytic window. De-identified utilization analyses conducted under waiver of informed consent.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics Approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was waived by the IRB for retrospective utilization analyses using de-identified data. Patient-reported outcomes were collected as part of routine care-management program operations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to Participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing Interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"STROBE with RECORD extension for observational routinely collected data; TIDieR for intervention reporting. Completed checklists are submitted.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Reporting Guidelines","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}]}}