{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T01:54:16Z","timestamp":1772675656628,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701820800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701820800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS","award":["19K10700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19K10700"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Forensic Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Micro-segmental hair analysis (MSA), which enables detailed measurement of the distribution of drugs in a single hair strand, is useful for examining the day of death and drug use history of a person. However, corpses are often found in severe environments, such as soil and freezers, which affect the drug contents in hair. Therefore, we examined the effects of temperature, humidity, light, and soil on drug stability in hair as a preliminary study to estimate personal profiles using MSA of corpse hair.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Four hay-fever medicines (fexofenadine, epinastine, cetirizine, and desloratadine) were used as model drugs to evaluate drug stability in hair. Reference hair strands consistently containing the four medicines along the hair shaft were collected from patients with hay-fever who ingested the medicines daily for 4\u00a0months. The hair strands were placed in chambers with controlled temperatures (\u2212\u200930 to 60\u00a0\u00b0C) and relative humidities (ca. 18\u00a0% and\u2009&gt;\u200990\u00a0%), exposed to light (sunlight and artificial lights) or buried in soil (natural soil and compost).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Sunlight and soil greatly decomposed the hair surfaces and decreased the drug contents in hair (up to 37\u00a0%). However, all analytes were successfully detected along the hair shaft, reflecting the intake history, even when the hair was exposed to sunlight for 2\u00a0weeks and buried in the soil for 2\u00a0months.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Although the exposure to sunlight and storage in soil for long times made drug-distribution analysis difficult, MSA could be applied even to hair strands collected from corpses left in severe environments.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11419-023-00675-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]],"date-time":"2023-12-06T15:02:33Z","timestamp":1701874953000},"page":"60-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of temperature, humidity, light, and soil on drug stability in hair: a preliminary study for estimating personal profiles using micro-segmental analysis of corpse hair"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0782-8842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenji","family":"Kuwayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Miyaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuyuki","family":"Kanamori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Tsujikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Yamamuro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Segawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuko T.","family":"Iwata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"675_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1007\/s12024-022-00539-5","volume":"19","author":"EC Da Cunha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Da Cunha EC, Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez-May\u00e1n L, V\u00e1zquez MLR, Vieira DN, Febrero-Bande M, Bar\u00fas JIM (2023) The biochemistry of the vitreous humour in estimating the post-mortem interval\u2014a review of the literature, and use in forensic practice in Galicia (northwestern Spain). Forensic Sci Med Pathol 19:236\u2013265. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12024-022-00539-5","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Med Pathol"},{"key":"675_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-023-03015-z","author":"RS Pasaribu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pasaribu RS, Auerkari EI, Suhartono AW, Auerkari P (2023) A small RNA, microRNA as a potential biomolecular marker to estimate post mortem interval in forensic science: a systematic review. Int J Legal Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-023-03015-z","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"675_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.15220","volume":"68","author":"J Dalal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dalal J, Sharma S, Bhardwaj T, Dhattarwal SK (2023) Assessment of post-mortem submersion interval using total aquatic decomposition scores of drowned human cadavers. J Forensic Sci 68:549\u2013557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.15220","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"},{"key":"675_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-023-03050-w","author":"A Chighine","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chighine A, Stocchero M, Ferino G, De-Giorgio F, Conte C, Nioi M, d\u2019Aloja E, Locci E (2023) Metabolomics investigation of post-mortem human pericardial fluid. Int J Legal Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-023-03050-w","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"675_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1077","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-023-02986-3","volume":"137","author":"AS Ceciliason","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ceciliason AS, K\u00e4ll B, Sandler H (2023) Mummification in a forensic context: an observational study of taphonomic changes and the post-mortem interval in an indoor setting. Int J Legal Med 137:1077\u20131088. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-023-02986-3","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"675_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-023-04754-3","volume":"80","author":"\u00c9 Kocsm\u00e1r","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kocsm\u00e1r \u00c9, Schmid M, Cosenza-Contreras M, Kocsm\u00e1r I, F\u00f6ll M, Krey L, Barta BA, R\u00e1cz G, Kiss A, Werner M, Schilling O, Lotz G, Bronsert P (2023) Proteome alterations in human autopsy tissues in relation to time after death. Cell Mol Life Sci 80:117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00018-023-04754-3","journal-title":"Cell Mol Life Sci"},{"key":"675_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2020.110656","volume":"319","author":"M Bovenschen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bovenschen M, Schwender H, Ritz-Timme S, Beseoglu K, Hartung B (2020) Estimation of time since death after a post-mortem change in ambient temperature: evaluation of a back-calculation approach. Forensic Sci Int 319:110656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2020.110656","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"675_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12040314","volume":"12","author":"S Matuszewski","year":"2021","unstructured":"Matuszewski S (2021) Post-mortem interval estimation based on insect evidence: current challenges. Insects 12:314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/insects12040314","journal-title":"Insects"},{"key":"675_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fsigen.2018.11.004","volume":"38","author":"JL Metcalf","year":"2019","unstructured":"Metcalf JL (2019) Estimating the postmortem interval using microbes: knowledge gaps and a path to technology adoption. Forensic Sci Int Genet 38:211\u2013218. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.fsigen.2018.11.004","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int Genet"},{"key":"675_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jflm.2021.102251","volume":"83","author":"A Sangwan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sangwan A, Singh SP, Singh P, Gupta OP, Manas A, Gupta S (2021) Role of molecular techniques in PMI estimation: an update. J Forensic Leg Med 83:102251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jflm.2021.102251","journal-title":"J Forensic Leg Med"},{"key":"675_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2021.101862","volume":"50","author":"F De-Giorgio","year":"2021","unstructured":"De-Giorgio F, Grassi S, d\u2019Aloja E, Pascali VL (2021) Post-mortem ocular changes and time since death: scoping review and future perspective. Leg Med (Tokyo) 50:101862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.legalmed.2021.101862","journal-title":"Leg Med (Tokyo)"},{"key":"675_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-018-1939-9","volume":"133","author":"K Kuwayama","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kuwayama K, Nariai M, Miyaguchi H, Iwata YT, Kanamori T, Tsujikawa K, Yamamuro T, Segawa H, Abe H, Iwase H, Inoue H (2019) Estimation of day of death using micro-segmental hair analysis based on drug use history: a case of lidocaine use as a marker. Int J Legal Med 133:117\u2013122. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-018-1939-9","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"675_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102032","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2022.102032","volume":"56","author":"I Benhalima","year":"2022","unstructured":"Benhalima I, Castex E, Dumont G, Gish A, Hakim F, Allorge D, Gaulier JM (2022) Hair analysis interpretation in post-mortem situations: key considerations and proposals to overcome main hurdles. Leg Med (Tokyo) 56:102032. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.legalmed.2022.102032","journal-title":"Leg Med (Tokyo)"},{"key":"675_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kintz P, Salomone A, Vincenti M (2015) Hair analysis in clinical and forensic toxicology. Academic Press, Cambridge. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/C2014-0-00832-5","DOI":"10.1016\/C2014-0-00832-5"},{"key":"675_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-74612-3_10","volume-title":"Hair and hair diseases","author":"V Pecoraro","year":"1990","unstructured":"Pecoraro V, Astore IPL (1990) Measurements of hair growth under physiological conditions. In: Orfanos CE, Happle R (eds) Hair and hair diseases. Springer, Berlin. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-74612-3_10"},{"key":"675_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aca.2016.10.029","volume":"948","author":"K Kuwayama","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kuwayama K, Miyaguchi H, Iwata YT, Kanamori T, Tsujikawa K, Yamamuro T, Segawa H, Inoue H (2016) Three-step drug extraction from a single sub-millimeter segment of hair and nail to determine the exact day of drug intake. Anal Chim Acta 948:40\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aca.2016.10.029","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta"},{"key":"675_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2259","volume":"10","author":"K Kuwayama","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kuwayama K, Miyaguchi H, Iwata YT, Kanamori T, Tsujikawa K, Yamamuro T, Segawa H, Inoue H (2018) Different localizations of drugs simultaneously administered in a strand of hair by micro-segmental analysis. Drug Test Anal 10:750\u2013760. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.2259","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"key":"675_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1373\/jalm.2017.025346","volume":"3","author":"K Kuwayama","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kuwayama K, Nariai M, Miyaguchi H, Iwata YT, Kanamori T, Tsujikawa K, Yamamuro T, Segawa H, Abe H, Iwase H, Inoue H (2018) Accurate estimation of drug intake day by microsegmental analysis of a strand of hair using internal temporal markers. J Appl Lab Med 3:37\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1373\/jalm.2017.025346","journal-title":"J Appl Lab Med"},{"key":"675_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.04.027","volume":"288","author":"K Kuwayama","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kuwayama K, Nariai M, Miyaguchi H, Iwata YT, Kanamori T, Tsujikawa K, Yamamuro T, Segawa H, Abe H, Iwase H, Inoue H (2018) Micro-segmental hair analysis for proving drug-facilitated crimes: evidence that a victim ingested a sleeping aid, diphenhydramine, on a specific day. Forensic Sci Int 288:23\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.04.027","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"675_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1007\/s11419-019-00472-3","volume":"37","author":"K Kuwayama","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kuwayama K, Miyaguchi H, Iwata YT, Kanamori T, Tsujikawa K, Yamamuro T, Segawa H, Inoue H (2019) Strong evidence of drug-facilitated crimes by hair analysis using LC\u2013MS\/MS after micro-segmentation. Forensic Toxicol 37:480\u2013487. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11419-019-00472-3","journal-title":"Forensic Toxicol"},{"key":"675_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1007\/s00414-022-02900-3","volume":"137","author":"K Kuwayama","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kuwayama K, Miyaguchi H, Kanamori T, Tsujikawa K, Yamamuro T, Segawa H, Okada Y, Iwata YT (2023) Possibility of drug-distribution measurement in the hair of drowned bodies: evaluation of drug stability in water-soaked hair using micro-segmental analysis. Int J Legal Med 137:89\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00414-022-02900-3","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"675_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2893","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.15748","volume":"133","author":"B Flax","year":"2022","unstructured":"Flax B, Tortora A, Yeung Y, Schubert WW, McDonnell G (2022) Dry heat sterilization modelling for spacecraft applications. J Appl Microbiol 133:2893\u20132901. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jam.15748","journal-title":"J Appl Microbiol"},{"key":"675_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s11419-022-00619-9","volume":"40","author":"K Kuwayama","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kuwayama K, Miyaguchi H, Kanamori T, Tsujikawa K, Yamamuro T, Segawa H, Okada Y, Iwata YT (2022) Micro-segmental hair analysis: detailed procedures and applications in forensic toxicology. Forensic Toxicol 40:215\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11419-022-00619-9","journal-title":"Forensic Toxicol"},{"key":"675_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.3025","volume":"13","author":"K Kuwayama","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kuwayama K, Miyaguchi H, Kanamori T, Tsujikawa K, Yamamuro T, Segawa H, Okada Y, Iwata YT (2021) Development of an improved method to estimate the days of continuous drug ingestion, based on the micro-segmental hair analysis. Drug Test Anal 13:1295\u20131304. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.3025","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"key":"675_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkt054","volume":"37","author":"Scientific Working Group for Forensic Toxicology","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scientific Working Group for Forensic Toxicology (2013) Scientific Working Group for Forensic Toxicology (SWGTOX) standard practices for method validation in forensic toxicology. J Anal Toxicol 37:452\u2013474. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jat\/bkt054","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"675_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1007\/s11419-023-00663-z","volume":"41","author":"K Kuwayama","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kuwayama K, Miyaguchi H, Kanamori T, Tsujikawa K, Yamamuro T, Segawa H, Okada Y, Iwata YT (2023) Evaluation of applicability of micro-segmental analysis to hair treated with heat and haircare products. Forensic Toxicol 41:260\u2013271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11419-023-00663-z","journal-title":"Forensic Toxicol"},{"key":"675_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.10.024","volume":"218","author":"GA Cooper","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cooper GA, Kronstrand R, Kintz P (2012) Society of hair testing guidelines for drug testing in hair. Forensic Sci Int 218:20\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2011.10.024","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"675_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2017.11.004","volume":"281","author":"H Yu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yu H, Jang WJ, Jang JH, Park B, Seo YH, Jeong CH, Lee S (2017) Role of hair pigmentation in drug incorporation into hair. Forensic Sci Int 281:171\u2013175. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2017.11.004","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"675_CR29","first-page":"385","volume":"58","author":"AC Santos Nogueira","year":"2007","unstructured":"Santos Nogueira AC, Joekes I (2007) Hair melanin content and photodamage. J Cosmet Sci 58:385\u2013391","journal-title":"J Cosmet Sci"},{"key":"675_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2015.09.025","volume":"153","author":"MF Dario","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dario MF, Baby AR, Velasco MV (2015) Effects of solar radiation on hair and photoprotection. J Photochem Photobiol B 153:240\u2013246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2015.09.025","journal-title":"J Photochem Photobiol B"},{"key":"675_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci8060096","volume":"8","author":"G Miolo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Miolo G, Tucci M, Menilli L, Stocchero G, Vogliardi S, Scrivano S, Montisci M, Favretto D (2018) A study on photostability of amphetamines and ketamine in hair irradiated under artificial sunlight. Brain Sci 8:96. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci8060096","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"675_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.legalmed.2014.08.007","volume":"17","author":"S Niederegger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Niederegger S, Schermer J, H\u00f6fig J, Mall G (2015) Case report: time of death estimation of a buried body by modeling a decomposition matrix for a pig carcass. Leg Med (Tokyo) 17:34\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.legalmed.2014.08.007","journal-title":"Leg Med (Tokyo)"},{"key":"675_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01246877","volume":"107","author":"L P\u00f6tsch","year":"1995","unstructured":"P\u00f6tsch L, Skopp G, Becker J (1995) Ultrastructural alterations and environmental exposure influence the opiate concentrations in hair of drug addicts. Int J Legal Med 107:301\u2013305. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01246877","journal-title":"Int J Legal Med"},{"key":"675_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkaa112","volume":"45","author":"F Aknouche","year":"2021","unstructured":"Aknouche F, Ameline A, Kernalleguen A, Arbouche N, Maruejouls C, Kintz P (2021) Toxicological investigations in a death involving 2,5-dimethoxy-4-chloamphetamine (DOC) performed on an exhumed body. J Anal Toxicol 45:e1\u2013e7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jat\/bkaa112","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"675_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13559","volume":"63","author":"M Cippitelli","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cippitelli M, Mirtella D, Ottaviani G, Tassoni G, Froldi R, Cingolani M (2018) Toxicological analysis of opiates from alternative matrices collected from an exhumed body. J Forensic Sci 63:640\u2013643. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.13559","journal-title":"J Forensic Sci"}],"container-title":["Forensic Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11419-023-00675-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11419-023-00675-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11419-023-00675-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T15:31:31Z","timestamp":1706110291000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11419-023-00675-9"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["675"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11419-023-00675-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["1860-8965","1860-8973"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1860-8965","type":"print"},{"value":"1860-8973","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 September 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 October 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 December 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"There are no conflicts of interest to declare.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee at the National Research Institute of Police Science (Approval No. 2019005, Kashiwa, Japan) and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in this study. The participants were selected from patients who had ingested the medicines used in this study before the experiments.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors affirm that human research participants provided informed consent for publication of the article.","order":6,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}}]}}