{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T22:43:19Z","timestamp":1780958599974,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Forensic Toxicol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11419-025-00750-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T05:32:17Z","timestamp":1765171937000},"page":"271-279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An unusual way of acute Pyrazolam poisoning in consumer of commercially approved benzodiazepines"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Romain","family":"Magny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arezki Khaled","family":"Boukerma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amine","family":"Mihoubi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Labat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2706-4226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pascal","family":"Houz\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"750_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shafi A, Berry AJ, Sumnall H, Wood DM, Tracy DK (2020) New psychoactive substances: a review and updates. Ther Adv Psychopharmacol 10","DOI":"10.1177\/2045125320967197"},{"key":"750_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2017.274662","volume":"63","author":"MA Huestis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Huestis MA, Brandt SD, Rana S, Auw\u00e4rter V, Baumann MH (2017) Impact of novel psychoactive substances on clinical and forensic toxicology and global public health. Clin Chem 63:1564\u20131569","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"750_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2018.1510502","volume":"57","author":"JE Carpenter","year":"2019","unstructured":"Carpenter JE, Murray BP, Dunkley C, Kazzi ZN, Gittinger MH (2019) Designer benzodiazepines: a report of exposures recorded in the National poison data System, 2014\u20132017. Clin Toxicol 57:282\u2013286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15563650.2018.1510502","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"750_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2019.02.015","volume":"73","author":"JB Zawilska","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zawilska JB, Wojcieszak J (2019) An expanding world of new psychoactive substances\u2014designer benzodiazepines. Neurotoxicology 73:8\u201316","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"750_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2211","volume":"10","author":"KR Manchester","year":"2018","unstructured":"Manchester KR, Lomas EC, Waters L, Dempsey FC, Maskell PD (2018) The emergence of new psychoactive substance (NPS) benzodiazepines: A review. Drug Test Anal 10:37\u201353","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"key":"750_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brunetti P, Giorgetti R, Tagliabracci A, Huestis MA, Busard\u00f2 FP (2021) Designer benzodiazepines: A review of toxicology and public health risks. Pharmaceuticals 14","DOI":"10.3390\/ph14060560"},{"key":"750_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1002\/cpdd.667","volume":"8","author":"HK Greenblatt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Greenblatt HK, Greenblatt DJ (2019) Designer benzodiazepines: A review of published data and public health significance. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 8:266\u2013269","journal-title":"Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev"},{"key":"750_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkaa115","volume":"45","author":"P Brunetti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Brunetti P, Pirani F, Carlier J, Giorgetti R, Busard\u00f2 FP, Lo Faro AF (2021) A 2017\u20132019 update on acute intoxications and fatalities from illicit Fentanyl and analogs. J Anal Toxicol 45:537\u2013554","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"750_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1177\/0025802420950273","volume":"60","author":"K Abdul","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abdul K, Hikin L, Smith P, Kurimbokus H, Ashong E, Couchman L, Morley SR (2020) Flubromazolam: detection in five post-mortem cases. Med Sci Law 60:266\u2013269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0025802420950273","journal-title":"Med Sci Law"},{"key":"750_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lehmann S, Sczyslo A, Froch-Cortis J, Rothschild MA, Thevis M, Andresen-Streichert H, Mercer-Chalmers-Bender K (2019) Organ distribution of diclazepam, Pyrazolam and 3-fluorophenmetrazine. Forensic Sci Int 303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2019.109959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2019.109959"},{"key":"750_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2016.09.006","volume":"268","author":"G H\u00f8iseth","year":"2016","unstructured":"H\u00f8iseth G, Tuv SS, Karinen R (2016) Blood concentrations of new designer benzodiazepines in forensic cases. Forensic Sci Int 268:35\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.forsciint.2016.09.006","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"750_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkad036","volume":"47","author":"DM Papsun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Papsun DM, Chan-Hosokawa A, Lamb ME, Logan B (2023) Increasing prevalence of designer benzodiazepines in impaired driving: A 5-year analysis from 2017 to 2021. J Anal Toxicol 47:668\u2013679. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jat\/bkad036","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"750_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaclp.2022.08.010","volume":"64","author":"PJ Buckley","year":"2023","unstructured":"Buckley PJ, Shenai N, Gopalan P (2023) Designer benzodiazepine use in pregnancy: A case report. J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry 64:194\u2013195","journal-title":"J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry"},{"key":"750_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2015.1112907","volume":"54","author":"M \u0141ukasik-G\u0142\u0119bocka","year":"2016","unstructured":"\u0141ukasik-G\u0142\u0119bocka M, Sommerfeld K, Tezyk A, Zieli\u0144ska-Psuja B, Panie\u0144ski P, Zaba C (2016) Flubromazolam - A new life-threatening designer benzodiazepine. Clin Toxicol 54:66\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/15563650.2015.1112907","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"750_CR15","first-page":"122","volume":"113","author":"M Runnstrom","year":"2020","unstructured":"Runnstrom M, Kalra SS, Lascano J, Patel DC (2020) Overdose from designer benzodiazepine Diclazepam. QJM: Int J Med 113:122\u2013124","journal-title":"QJM: Int J Med"},{"key":"750_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000803","volume":"43","author":"C Moore","year":"2022","unstructured":"Moore C, Hammers J, Marshall P (2022) Clonazolam intoxication case report: danger of designer benzodiazepines. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 43:372\u2013375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000803","journal-title":"Am J Forensic Med Pathol"},{"key":"750_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.5811\/cpcem.59853","volume":"7","author":"G Galletta","year":"2023","unstructured":"Galletta G (2023) Intentional overdose on liquid Clonazolam reversed with flumazenil: A case report. Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med 7:250\u2013252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5811\/cpcem.59853","journal-title":"Clin Pract Cases Emerg Med"},{"key":"750_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2023.2229951","volume":"61","author":"C Weber","year":"2023","unstructured":"Weber C, Smith JL, Soderstrom J, Burrows S, McCutcheon D, Oosthuizen F, Fatovich DM (2023) Analytically confirmed illicit and novel psychoactive drug use in Western Australian emergency departments: initial results from the emerging drugs network of Australia (EDNA). Clin Toxicol 61:500\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15563650.2023.2229951","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"750_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650.2018.1506130","volume":"57","author":"M B\u00e4ckberg","year":"2019","unstructured":"B\u00e4ckberg M, Pettersson Bergstrand M, Beck O, Helander A (2019) Occurrence and time course of NPS benzodiazepines in Sweden\u2013results from intoxication cases in the STRIDA project. Clin Toxicol 57:203\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15563650.2018.1506130","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"750_CR20","unstructured":"European Medicines Agency Guideline on Bioanalytical Method Validation [Internet]. Available from: www.ema.europa.eu\/docs\/en_GB\/document_library\/Scientific_guideline\/2011\/08\/WC500109686.pdf"},{"key":"750_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2276","DOI":"10.1021\/jasms.4c00009","volume":"35","author":"R Magny","year":"2024","unstructured":"Magny R, Lefr\u00e8re B, Roulland E, Auzeil N, Farah S, Richeval C, Gish A, Vodovar D, Labat L, Houz\u00e9 P (2024) Feature-Based molecular network for new psychoactive substance identification: the case of synthetic cannabinoids in a seized e-Liquid and biological samples. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 35:2276\u20132287. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1021\/jasms.4c00009","journal-title":"J Am Soc Mass Spectrom"},{"key":"750_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Magny R, M\u00e9garbane B, Chevillard L, Roulland E, Bard\u00e8che-Trystram B, Dumestre-Toulet V, Labat L, Houz\u00e9 P (2024) A combined toxicokinetic and metabolic approach to investigate deschloro-N-ethylketamine exposure in a multidrug user. J Pharm Biomed Anal 243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpba.2024.116086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2024.116086"},{"key":"750_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo12070665","volume":"12","author":"R Magny","year":"2022","unstructured":"Magny R, Auzeil N, Lefr\u00e8re B, M\u00e9garbane B, Houz\u00e9 P, Labat L (2022) Molecular Network-Based identification of Tramadol metabolites in a fatal Tramadol poisoning. Metabolites 12:665. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/metabo12070665","journal-title":"Metabolites"},{"key":"750_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxac.2022.12.002","volume":"35","author":"R Magny","year":"2023","unstructured":"Magny R, Thiebot P, Oppon C, Labat L, Houz\u00e9 P (2023) Gelsemium intoxication in a child detected using targeted and untargeted urinary toxicological screening. Toxicol Anal Et Clinique 35:235\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.toxac.2022.12.002","journal-title":"Toxicol Anal Et Clinique"},{"key":"750_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Houz\u00e9 P, Borowski I, Bito E, Magny R, Morcos A, Voicu S, M\u00e9garbane B, Labat L (2023) New trend in toxicological screening using volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) and High-Resolution mass spectrometry (HR\/MS) combination. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules28083466. Molecules 28:","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28083466"},{"key":"750_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Filgueiras MF, de Oliveira Lima B, Borges EM (2022) A high-throughput, cheap, and green method for determination of ethanol in cacha\u00e7a and vodka using 96-well-plate images. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.talanta.2022.123229. Talanta 241:","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2022.123229"},{"key":"750_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2437","DOI":"10.1093\/ajhp\/60.23.2437","volume":"60","author":"E Winans","year":"2003","unstructured":"Winans E, Bonk ME (2003) Aripiprazole. Am J Health-System Pharm 60:2437\u20132445","journal-title":"Am J Health-System Pharm"},{"key":"750_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s11419-013-0187-4","volume":"31","author":"B Moosmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Moosmann B, Hutter M, Huppertz LM, Ferlaino S, Redlingsh\u00f6fer L, Auw\u00e4rter V (2013) Characterization of the designer benzodiazepine Pyrazolam and its detectability in human serum and urine. Forensic Toxicol 31:263\u2013271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11419-013-0187-4","journal-title":"Forensic Toxicol"},{"key":"750_CR29","unstructured":"Pharmacokinetics pharmacodynamics, and treatment issues of benzodiazepines: alprazolam, adinazolam, and clonazepam - PubMed. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/1687613\/. Accessed 6 Feb 2025"},{"key":"750_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2243","volume":"10","author":"M Pettersson Bergstrand","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pettersson Bergstrand M, Meyer MR, Beck O, Helander A (2018) Human urinary metabolic patterns of the designer benzodiazepines flubromazolam and Pyrazolam studied by liquid chromatography\u2013high resolution mass spectrometry. Drug Test Anal 10:496\u2013506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.2243","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"key":"750_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881119901096","volume":"34","author":"S El Balkhi","year":"2020","unstructured":"El Balkhi S, Monchaud C, Herault F, G\u00e9niaux H, Saint-Marcoux F (2020) Designer benzodiazepines\u2019 Pharmacological effects and potencies: how to find the information. J Psychopharmacol 34:1021\u20131029. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0269881119901096","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"750_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/10550887.2022.2117510","volume":"42","author":"JJ Reeves","year":"2024","unstructured":"Reeves JJ, Brown AD, Collier BS (2024) Designer benzodiazepine dependence and the difficulties of outpatient management; a case report. J Addict Dis 42:75\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10550887.2022.2117510","journal-title":"J Addict Dis"},{"key":"750_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10550887.2024.2365006","author":"D Buitenhuis","year":"2024","unstructured":"Buitenhuis D, Herdes DP, Verboeket SO (2024) Clinical detoxification of Bromazolam using diazepam: a case report. J Addict Dis. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10550887.2024.2365006","journal-title":"J Addict Dis"},{"key":"750_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.9740\/mhc.2022.12.356","volume":"12","author":"M Markovic","year":"2022","unstructured":"Markovic M, Niwash D (2022) Treatment of concurrent etizolam and Tianeptine withdrawal following accidental overdose. Mental Health Clinician 12:356\u2013359. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.9740\/mhc.2022.12.356","journal-title":"Mental Health Clinician"},{"key":"750_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s13181-018-0668-2","volume":"14","author":"L Franz\u00e9n","year":"2018","unstructured":"Franz\u00e9n L, B\u00e4ckberg M, Beck O, Helander A (2018) Acute intoxications involving \u03b1-Pyrrolidinobutiophenone (\u03b1-PBP): results from the Swedish STRIDA project. J Med Toxicol 14:265\u2013271. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13181-018-0668-2","journal-title":"J Med Toxicol"},{"key":"750_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkv122","volume":"40","author":"LC O\u2019Connor","year":"2016","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor LC, Torrance HJ, McKeown DA (2016) ELISA detection of phenazepam, etizolam, pyrazolam, flubromazepam, Diclazepam and delorazepam in blood using Immunalysis\u00ae benzodiazepine kit. J Anal Toxicol 40:159\u2013161. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jat\/bkv122","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"750_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2003","volume":"9","author":"M Pettersson Bergstrand","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pettersson Bergstrand M, Helander A, Hansson T, Beck O (2017) Detectability of designer benzodiazepines in CEDIA, EMIT II Plus, HEIA, and KIMS II immunochemical screening assays. Drug Test Anal 9:640\u2013645. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dta.2003","journal-title":"Drug Test Anal"},{"key":"750_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/bkab108","volume":"46","author":"A Puzyrenko","year":"2022","unstructured":"Puzyrenko A, Wang D, Schneider R, Wallace G, Schreiber S, Brandt K, Gunsolus IL (2022) Urine drug screening in the era of designer benzodiazepines: comparison of three immunoassay Platforms, LC-QTOF-MS and LC-MS-MS. J Anal Toxicol 46:712\u2013718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/jat\/bkab108","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"}],"container-title":["Forensic Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11419-025-00750-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11419-025-00750-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11419-025-00750-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T06:45:56Z","timestamp":1769755556000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11419-025-00750-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["750"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11419-025-00750-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1860-8965","1860-8973"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1860-8965","type":"print"},{"value":"1860-8973","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interest"}},{"value":"Biological samples were taken from the bottom of tubes intended for analyses carried out as part of patient management. No mandatory formal requirements were therefore required. Nevertheless, informed consent was obtained from the patient for the publication of all data contained in this case report.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics and consent statement"}}]}}