{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T16:58:19Z","timestamp":1768928299813,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82274194"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82274194"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20211224"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20211224"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H2020208022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020208022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003787","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["H2020208025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H2020208025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003787","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Neuroimmune Pharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-022-10055-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T17:18:26Z","timestamp":1669310306000},"page":"112-126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Oral GSH Exerts a Therapeutic Effect on Experimental Salmonella Meningitis by Protecting BBB Integrity and Inhibiting Salmonella-induced Apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Huimin","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keanqi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shijia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuying","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhihao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guangji","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yugen","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"10055_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bhan MK, Bahl R, Bhatnagar S (2005) Typhoid and paratyphoid fever. In: Lancet","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67181-4"},{"key":"10055_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Block ML, Zecca L, Hong JS (2007) Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms.Nat. Rev. Neurosci.8","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2038"},{"key":"10055_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brouwer MC, Tunkel AR, Van De Beek D (2010) Epidemiology, diagnosis, and antimicrobial treatment of acute bacterial meningitis.Clin. Microbiol. Rev.23","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00070-09"},{"key":"10055_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Cazanave S, Berson A, Haouzi D et al (2007) High hepatic glutathione stores alleviate Fas-induced apoptosis in mice. J Hepatol 46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.11.015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.11.015"},{"key":"10055_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chang CC, Omarjee S, Lim A et al (2013) Chemokine levels and chemokine receptor expression in the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-infected patientswith cryptococcal meningitis and cryptococcosis- Associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. J Infect Dis 208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/infdis\/jit388","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit388"},{"key":"10055_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chen C, Ding Q, Shen B et al (2020) Insights into the authentic active ingredients and action sites of oral exogenous glutathione in the treatment of ischemic brain injury based on pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic studies S. Drug Metab Dispos 48. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1124\/DMD.119.089458","DOI":"10.1124\/DMD.119.089458"},{"key":"10055_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Collins SM, Bercik P (2009) The relationship between intestinal microbiota and the Central Nervous System in normal gastrointestinal function and disease. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.01.075. Gastroenterology 136:","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2009.01.075"},{"key":"10055_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coureuil M, L\u00e9cuyer H, Bourdoulous S, Nassif X (2017) A journey into the brain: insight into how bacterial pathogens cross blood-brain barriers.Nat. Rev. Microbiol.15","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2016.178"},{"key":"10055_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doran KS, Fulde M, Gratz N et al (2016) Host\u2013pathogen interactions in bacterial meningitis.Acta Neuropathol.131","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1531-z"},{"key":"10055_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Drevets DA, Leenen PJM, Greenfield RA (2004) Invasion of the central nervous system by intracellular Bacteria.Clin. Microbiol. Rev.17","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.2.323-347.2004"},{"key":"10055_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Forman HJ, Zhang H, Rinna A (2009) Glutathione: overview of its protective roles, measurement, and biosynthesis.Mol. Aspects Med.30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2008.08.006"},{"key":"10055_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Franco R, Cidlowski JA (2009) Apoptosis and glutathione: beyond an antioxidant.Cell Death Differ.16","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2009.107"},{"key":"10055_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Friesen C, Kiess Y, Debatin KM (2004) A critical role of glutathione in determining apoptosis sensitivity and resistance in leukemia cells. Cell Death Differ 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.cdd.4401431","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cdd.4401431"},{"key":"10055_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6302","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00075a026","volume":"32","author":"MH Hanigan","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hanigan MH, Ricketts WA (1993) Extracellular glutathione is a source of cysteine for cells that express gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Biochemistry 32:6302\u20136306","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"10055_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haraga A, Ohlson MB, Miller SI (2008) Salmonellae interplay with host cells.Nat. Rev. Microbiol.6","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1788"},{"key":"10055_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Helms M, Vastrup P, Gerner-Smidt P, M\u00f8lbak K (2002) Excess mortality associated with antimicrobial drug-resistant Salmonella typhimurium. Emerg Infect Dis 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3201\/eid0805.010267","DOI":"10.3201\/eid0805.010267"},{"key":"10055_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hickman S, Izzy S, Sen P et al (2018) Microglia in neurodegeneration.Nat. Neurosci.21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0242-x"},{"key":"10055_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2022.03.025","author":"JC Huang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Huang JC, Yue ZP, Yu HF et al (2022) TAZ ameliorates the microglia-mediated inflammatory response via the Nrf2-ROS-NF-\u03baB pathway. Mol Ther - Nucleic Acids. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.omtn.2022.03.025. 28:","journal-title":"Mol Ther - Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"10055_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hussain T, Tan B, Yin Y et al (2016) Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: What Polyphenols Can Do for Us? Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2016","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7432797"},{"key":"10055_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ifuku M, Hinkelmann L, Kuhrt LD et al (2020) Activation of toll-like receptor 5 in microglia modulates their function and triggers neuronal injury. Acta Neuropathol Commun 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40478-020-01031-3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-020-01031-3"},{"key":"10055_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Islam MT (2017) Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction-linked neurodegenerative disorders.Neurol. Res.39","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2016.1251711"},{"key":"10055_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim KS (2006) Microbial translocation of the blood-brain barrier.Int. J. Parasitol.36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2006.01.013"},{"key":"10055_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kim SY, Buckwalter M, Soreq H et al (2012) Blood-brain barrier dysfunction-induced inflammatory signaling in brain pathology and epileptogenesis.Epilepsia53 Suppl 6","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2012.03701.x"},{"key":"10055_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klein M, Koedel U, Pfister HW (2006) Oxidative stress in pneumococcal meningitis: A future target for adjunctive therapy? Prog. Neurobiol. 80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2006.11.008"},{"key":"10055_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Knuff-Janzen K, Tupin A, Yurist-Doutsch S et al (2020) Multiple Salmonella-pathogenicity island 2 effectors are required to facilitate bacterial establishment of its intracellular niche and virulence. PLoS ONE 15. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0235020","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0235020"},{"key":"10055_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koedel U, Frankenberg T, Kirschnek S et al (2009) Apoptosis is essential for neutrophil functional shutdown and determines tissue damage in experimental pneumococcal meningitis. PLoS Pathog 5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000461","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000461"},{"key":"10055_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Koelman DLH, Brouwer MC, Van De Beek D (2019) Targeting the complement system in bacterial meningitis. Brain 142. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awz222","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz222"},{"key":"10055_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kreutzberg GW (1996) Microglia: A sensor for pathological events in the CNS. Trends Neurosci. 19","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(96)10049-7"},{"key":"10055_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Kumar DKV, Choi HS, Washicosky KJ et al (2016) Amyloid-\u03b2 peptide protects against microbial infection in mouse and worm models of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Sci Transl Med 8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaf1059","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaf1059"},{"key":"10055_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Majeed S, Radotra BD, Sharma S (2016) Adjunctive role of MMP-9 inhibition along with conventional anti-tubercular drugs against experimental tuberculous meningitis. Int J Exp Pathol 97. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/iep.12191","DOI":"10.1111\/iep.12191"},{"key":"10055_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manoharan S, Guillemin GJ, Abiramasundari RS et al (2016) The Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease, Parkinson\u2019s Disease, and Huntington\u2019s Disease: A Mini Review. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2016","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/8590578"},{"key":"10055_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Neher JJ, Neniskyte U, Zhao J-W et al (2011) Inhibition of Microglial phagocytosis is sufficient to prevent inflammatory neuronal death. J Immunol 186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4049\/jimmunol.1003600","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003600"},{"key":"10055_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peppas S, Pansieri C, Piovani D et al (2021) The brain-gut axis: psychological functioning and inflammatory bowel diseases.J. Clin. Med.10","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10030377"},{"key":"10055_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prager O, Friedman A, Nebenzahl YM (2017) Role of neural barriers in the pathogenesis and outcome of Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis (review).Exp. Ther. Med.13","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2017.4082"},{"key":"10055_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prinz M, Jung S, Priller J (2019) Microglia Biology: One Century of Evolving Concepts. Cell 179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.08.053"},{"key":"10055_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ramakrishnan M, Ulland AJ, Steinhardt LC et al (2009) Sequelae due to bacterial meningitis among african children: a systematic literature review. BMC Med 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1741-7015-7-47","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-7-47"},{"key":"10055_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ramesh G, Maclean AG, Philipp MT (2013) Cytokines and chemokines at the crossroads of neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and neuropathic pain. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2013\/480739. Mediators Inflamm 2013:","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/480739"},{"key":"10055_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salimi H, Klein RS (2019) Disruption of the blood-brain barrier during Neuroinflammatory and Neuroinfectious Diseases. In: Neuroimmune Diseases","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-19515-1_7"},{"key":"10055_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soeters HM, Diallo AO, Bicaba BW et al (2019) Bacterial meningitis epidemiology in five countries in the Meningitis Belt of Sub-Saharan Africa, 2015\u20132017. J. Infect. Dis. 220","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiz358"},{"key":"10055_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Swann O, Everett DB, Furyk JS et al (2014) Bacterial meningitis in malawian infants < 2 months of age: etiology and susceptibility to World Health Organization first-line antibiotics. Pediatr Infect Dis J 33. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/INF.0000000000000210","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0000000000000210"},{"key":"10055_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szab\u00f3 C (2003) Multiple pathways of peroxynitrite cytotoxicity. In: Toxicology Letters","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-4274(02)00507-6"},{"key":"10055_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tramutola A, Lanzillotta C, Perluigi M, Butterfield DA (2017) Oxidative stress, protein modification and Alzheimer disease.Brain Res. Bull.133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2016.06.005"},{"key":"10055_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-021-00650-3","author":"H Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang H, Du Y, sha, Xu W, shuo et al (2021) Exogenous glutathione exerts a therapeutic effect in ischemic stroke rats by interacting with intrastriatal dopamine. Acta Pharmacol Sin. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41401-021-00650-3","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"key":"10055_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wickham ME, Brown NF, Provias J et al (2007) Oral infection of mice with Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium causes meningitis and infection of the brain. BMC Infect Dis 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2334-7-65","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-7-65"},{"key":"10055_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang I, Han SJ, Kaur G et al (2010) The role of microglia in central nervous system immunity and glioma immunology.J. Clin. Neurosci.17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2009.05.006"},{"key":"10055_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yang L, Jim\u00e9nez JA, Earley AM et al (2020) Drainage of inflammatory macromolecules from brain to periphery targets the liver for macrophage infiltration. Elife 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.58191","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.58191"},{"key":"10055_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Yong HH, Suhn HK, Sung ZK, Woo HP (2008) Apoptosis in arsenic trioxide-treated Calu-6 lung cells is correlated with the depletion of GSH levels rather than the changes of ROS levels. J Cell Biochem 104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcb.21673","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.21673"},{"key":"10055_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhang D, Xu S, Wang Y, Zhu G (2021) The potentials of melatonin in the prevention and treatment of bacterial meningitis disease. Molecules 26. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules26051419","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26051419"},{"key":"10055_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zhu N, Zhang C, Prakash A et al (2021) Therapeutic development of group B Streptococcus meningitis by targeting a host cell signaling network involving EGFR. EMBO Mol Med 13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15252\/emmm.202012651","DOI":"10.15252\/emmm.202012651"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11481-022-10055-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11481-022-10055-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11481-022-10055-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T07:37:37Z","timestamp":1694072257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11481-022-10055-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10055"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11481-022-10055-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1557-1890","1557-1904"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1557-1890","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-1904","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 November 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 November 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}},{"value":"This research was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of China Pharmaceutical University.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Compliance with Ethical Standards"}}]}}