{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:46:17Z","timestamp":1790819177940,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]],"date-time":"2019-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]],"date-time":"2019-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54GM111274"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54GM111274"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AI110720"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI110720"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19AI11789102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI11789102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U19AI057266"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI057266"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Bull Math Biol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-019-00618-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]],"date-time":"2019-06-04T17:02:26Z","timestamp":1559667746000},"page":"2553-2568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Dependence of CD8 T Cell Response upon Antigen Load During Primary Infection"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5055-7075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James R.","family":"Moore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasan","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Don","family":"McGuire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rama","family":"Akondy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafi","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rustom","family":"Antia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"618_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7919","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803903","volume":"183","author":"RS Akondy","year":"2009","unstructured":"Akondy RS, Monson ND, Miller JD, Edupuganti S, Teuwen D, Wu H, Quyyumi F, Garg S, Altman JD, Del Rio C, Keyserling HL, Ploss A, Rice CM, Orenstein WA, MM J, Ahmed R (2009) The yellow fever virus vaccine induces a broad and polyfunctional human memory CD8+ T-cell response. J Immunol 183(12):7919\u20137930","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"10","key":"618_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3050","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1500475112","volume":"112","author":"RS Akondy","year":"2015","unstructured":"Akondy RS, Johnson PL, Nakaya HI, Edupuganti S, Mulligan MJ, Lawson B, Miller JD, Pulendran B, Antia R, Ahmed R (2015) Initial viral load determines the magnitude of the human CD8 T cell response to yellow fever vaccination. PNAS 112(10):3050\u20133055","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"issue":"18","key":"618_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3718","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-10-251124","volume":"115","author":"C Alanio","year":"2010","unstructured":"Alanio C, Lemaitre F, Law HK, Hasan M, Albert ML (2010) Enumeration of human antigen-specific naive CD8+ T-cells reveals conserved precursor frequencies. Blood 115(18):3718\u20133725","journal-title":"Blood"},{"issue":"2","key":"618_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.1994.1094","volume":"168","author":"R Antia","year":"1994","unstructured":"Antia R, Koella JC (1994) A model of non-specific immunity. J Theor Biol 168(2):141\u2013150","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"},{"key":"618_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1086\/285686","volume":"144","author":"R Antia","year":"1994","unstructured":"Antia R, Levin BR, May RM (1994) Within-host population dynamics and the evolution and maintenance of microparasite virulence. Am Nat 144:457\u2013472","journal-title":"Am Nat"},{"issue":"4","key":"618_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.2003.3208","volume":"221","author":"R Antia","year":"2003","unstructured":"Antia R, Bergstrom CT, Pilyugin SS, Kaech SM, Ahmed R (2003) Models of CD8+ responses: 1. What is the antigen-independent proliferation program. J Theor Biol 221(4):585\u2013598","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"618_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1550","volume":"5","author":"R Antia","year":"2005","unstructured":"Antia R, Ganusov VV, Ahmed R (2005) The role of models in understanding CD8+ T-cell memory. Nat Rev Immunol 5(2):101\u2013111","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"7","key":"618_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1038\/ni804","volume":"3","author":"VP Badovinac","year":"2002","unstructured":"Badovinac VP, Porter BB, Harty JT (2002) Programmed contraction of CD8+ T cells after infection. Nat Immunol 3(7):619\u2013626","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"618_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2007.04.013","volume":"26","author":"VP Badovinac","year":"2007","unstructured":"Badovinac VP, Haring JS, Harty JT (2007) Initial T cell receptor transgenic cell precursor frequency dictates critical aspects of the CD8+ T cell response to infection. Immunity 26(6):827\u2013841","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"1","key":"618_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2005.12.006","volume":"200","author":"M Ciupe","year":"2006","unstructured":"Ciupe M, Bivort B, Bortz D, Nelson P (2006) Estimating kinetic parameters from hiv primary infection data through the eyes of three different mathematical models. Math Biosci 200(1):1\u201327","journal-title":"Math Biosci"},{"issue":"6","key":"618_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2008.12.003","volume":"29","author":"MM Davis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Davis MM (2008) A prescription for human immunology. Immunity 29(6):835\u2013838","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"4","key":"618_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.1995.0165","volume":"175","author":"RJ De Boer","year":"1995","unstructured":"De Boer RJ, Perelson AS (1995) Towards a general function describing t cell proliferation. J Theor Biol 175(4):567\u2013576","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"618_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.1997.0548","volume":"190","author":"RJ De Boer","year":"1998","unstructured":"De Boer RJ, Perelson AS (1998) Target cell limited and immune control models of hiv infection: a comparison. J Theor Biol 190(3):201\u2013214","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"},{"issue":"22","key":"618_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10,663","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.22.10663-10669.2001","volume":"75","author":"RJ De Boer","year":"2001","unstructured":"De Boer RJ, Oprea M, Antia R, Murali-Krishna K, Ahmed R, Perelson AS (2001) Recruitment times, proliferation, and apoptosis rates during the CD8+ T-cell response to lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. J Virol 75(22):10,663\u201310,669","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"issue":"8","key":"618_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3928","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.171.8.3928","volume":"171","author":"RJ De Boer","year":"2003","unstructured":"De Boer RJ, Homann D, Perelson AS (2003) Different dynamics of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses during and after acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection. J Immunol 171(8):3928\u20133935","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"5","key":"618_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-006-9094-8","volume":"68","author":"RJ De Boer","year":"2006","unstructured":"De Boer RJ, Ganusov VV, Milutinovi\u0107 D, Hodgkin PD, Perelson AS (2006) Estimating lymphocyte division and death rates from CFSE data. Bull Math Biol 68(5):1011\u20131031","journal-title":"Bull Math Biol"},{"issue":"17","key":"618_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7950","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-05-0564","volume":"65","author":"LG de Pillis","year":"2005","unstructured":"de Pillis LG, Radunskaya AE, Wiseman CL (2005) A validated mathematical model of cell-mediated immune response to tumor growth. Cancer Res 65(17):7950\u20137958","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"618_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2012.12-0179","volume":"88","author":"S Edupuganti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Edupuganti S, Eidex RB, Keyserling H, Akondy RS, Lanciotti R, Orenstein W, del Rio C, Pan Y, Querec T, Lipman H, Barrett A, Ahmed R, Teuwen D, Cetron M, Mulligan MJ (2013) A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial of the 17D yellow fever virus vaccine given in combination with immune globulin or placebo: comparative viremia and immunogenicity. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88(1):172\u2013177","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"2","key":"618_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20062319","volume":"204","author":"ML Ford","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ford ML, Koehn BH, Wagener ME, Jiang W, Gangappa S, Pearson TC, Larsen CP (2007) Antigen-specific precursor frequency impacts T cell proliferation, differentiation, and requirement for costimulation. J Exp Med 204(2):299\u2013309","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"618_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.2.950","volume":"179","author":"VV Ganusov","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ganusov VV, Milutinovi\u0107 D, De Boer RJ (2007) IL-2 regulates expansion of CD4+ T cell populations by affecting cell death: insights from modeling CFSE data. J Immunol 179(2):950\u2013957","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"618_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e93,326","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093326","volume":"9","author":"M Jaberi-Douraki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jaberi-Douraki M, Pietropaolo M, Khadra A (2014) Predictive models of type 1 diabetes progression: understanding T cell cycles and their implications on autoantibody release. PLoS ONE 9(4):e93,326","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"5","key":"618_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1038\/87720","volume":"2","author":"SM Kaech","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kaech SM, Ahmed R (2001) Memory CD8+ T cell differentiation: initial antigen encounter triggers a developmental program in naive cells. Nat Immunol 2(5):415\u2013422","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"1","key":"618_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2008.09.019","volume":"256","author":"A Khadra","year":"2009","unstructured":"Khadra A, Santamaria P, Edelstein-Keshet L (2009) The role of low avidity T cells in the protection against type 1 diabetes: a modeling investigation. J Theor Biol 256(1):126\u2013141","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"},{"key":"618_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(09)67004-X","volume":"467","author":"PS Kim","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kim PS, Levy D, Lee PP (2009) Modeling and simulation of the immune system as a self-regulating network. Methods Enzymol 467:79\u2013109","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol"},{"issue":"4","key":"618_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1137\/060661144","volume":"67","author":"JM Mahaffy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mahaffy JM, Edelstein-Keshet L (2007) Modeling cyclic waves of circulating T cells in autoimmune diabetes. SIAM J Appl Math 67(4):915\u2013937","journal-title":"SIAM J Appl Math"},{"issue":"6213","key":"618_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260044","volume":"346","author":"JM Marchingo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marchingo JM, Kan A, Sutherland RM, Duffy KR, Wellard CJ, Belz GT, Lew AM, Dowling MR, Heinzel S, Hodgkin PD (2014) Antigen affinity, costimulation, and cytokine inputs sum linearly to amplify T cell expansion. Science 346(6213):1123\u20131127","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"12","key":"618_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6833","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.12.6833","volume":"165","author":"R Mercado","year":"2000","unstructured":"Mercado R, Vijh S, Allen SE, Kerksiek K, Pilip IM, Pamer EG (2000) Early programming of T cell populations responding to bacterial infection. J Immunol 165(12):6833\u20136839","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"618_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.4.4.553","volume":"4","author":"TP Monath","year":"2005","unstructured":"Monath TP (2005) Yellow fever vaccine. Expert Rev Vaccines 4(4):553\u2013574","journal-title":"Expert Rev Vaccines"},{"issue":"4","key":"618_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtbi.2003.11.024","volume":"227","author":"H Moore","year":"2004","unstructured":"Moore H, Li NK (2004) A mathematical model for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and T cell interaction. J Theor Biol 227(4):513\u2013523","journal-title":"J Theor Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"618_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-017-0365-3","volume":"80","author":"J Moore","year":"2018","unstructured":"Moore J, Ahmed H, Jia J, Akondy R, Ahmed R, Antia R (2018) What controls the acute viral infection following yellow fever vaccination? Bull Math Biol 80(1):46\u201363","journal-title":"Bull Math Biol"},{"issue":"5258","key":"618_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1126\/science.272.5258.74","volume":"272","author":"MA Nowak","year":"1996","unstructured":"Nowak MA, Bangham CR (1996) Population dynamics of immune responses to persistent viruses. Science 272(5258):74\u201379","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"618_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/nri700","volume":"2","author":"AS Perelson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Perelson AS (2002) Modelling viral and immune system dynamics. Nat Rev Immunol 2(1):28\u201336","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"618_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.70.4.1263","volume":"70","author":"J Smith","year":"1973","unstructured":"Smith J, Martin L (1973) Do cells cycle? Proc Natl Acad Sci 70(4):1263\u20131267","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"618_CR34","first-page":"263","volume":"65","author":"E Terry","year":"2012","unstructured":"Terry E, Marvel J, Arpin C, Gandrillon O, Crauste F (2012) Mathematical model of the primary CD8 T cell immune response: stability analysis of a nonlinear age-structured system. JMB 65(2):263\u2013291","journal-title":"JMB"},{"issue":"5","key":"618_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/87730","volume":"2","author":"MJ van Stipdonk","year":"2001","unstructured":"van Stipdonk MJ, Lemmens EE, Schoenberger SP (2001) Naive CTLs require a single brief period of antigenic stimulation for clonal expansion and differentiation. Nat Immunol 2(5):423\u2013429","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"6","key":"618_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2035","volume":"12","author":"EJ Wherry","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wherry EJ (2011) T cell exhaustion. Nat Immunol 12(6):492","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"issue":"11","key":"618_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6694","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.11.6694","volume":"173","author":"MA Williams","year":"2004","unstructured":"Williams MA, Bevan MJ (2004) Shortening the infectious period does not alter expansion of CD8 T cells but diminishes their capacity to differentiate into memory cells. J Immunol 173(11):6694\u20136702","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"issue":"32","key":"618_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12,063","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0605130103","volume":"103","author":"RA Willis","year":"2006","unstructured":"Willis RA, Kappler JW, Marrack PC (2006) CD8 T cell competition for dendritic cells in vivo is an early event in activation. PNAS 103(32):12,063\u201312,068","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"issue":"7","key":"618_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-012-9722-4","volume":"74","author":"S Wilson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wilson S, Levy D (2012) A mathematical model of the enhancement of tumor vaccine efficacy by immunotherapy. Bull Math Biol 74(7):1485\u20131500","journal-title":"Bull Math Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"618_CR40","first-page":"165","volume":"7","author":"VI Zarnitsyna","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zarnitsyna VI, Handel A, McMaster SR, Hayward SL, Kohlmeier JE, Antia R (2016) Mathematical model reveals the role of memory CD8 T cell populations in recall responses to influenza. Front Immunol 7(3):165","journal-title":"Front Immunol"}],"container-title":["Bulletin of Mathematical Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11538-019-00618-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11538-019-00618-9\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11538-019-00618-9.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T23:28:54Z","timestamp":1591140534000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11538-019-00618-9"}},"subtitle":["Analysis of Data from Yellow Fever Vaccination"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["618"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11538-019-00618-9","relation":{},"ISSN":["0092-8240","1522-9602"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0092-8240","type":"print"},{"value":"1522-9602","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 July 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 June 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}