{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T15:53:26Z","timestamp":1786982006707,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]],"date-time":"2021-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615680000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]],"date-time":"2021-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiol med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-021-01341-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]],"date-time":"2021-03-14T05:04:18Z","timestamp":1615698258000},"page":"761-767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Dual-energy CT quantification of fractional extracellular space in cirrhotic patients: comparison between early and delayed equilibrium phases and correlation with oesophageal varices"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"126","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9414-4627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Cicero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvio","family":"Mazziotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Silipigni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfredo","family":"Blandino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vito","family":"Cantisani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Pergolizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"D\u2019Angelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Stagno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Maimone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Squadrito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Ascenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1341_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2004.01.003","volume":"36","author":"M Pinzani","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pinzani M, Rombouts K (2004) Liver fibrosis: from the bench to clinical targets. Dig Liver Dis 36:231\u2013242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.dld.2004.01.003","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"1341_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00429-4","volume":"38","author":"SL Friedman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Friedman SL (2003) Liver fibrosis\u2014from bench to bedside. J Hepatol 38:38\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0168-8278(02)00429-4","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1341_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12112452","volume":"266","author":"V Varenika","year":"2013","unstructured":"Varenika V, Fu Y, Maher JJ et al (2013) Hepatic fibrosis: evaluation with semiquantitative contrast-enhanced CT. Radiology 266:151\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.12112452","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"1341_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510230104","volume":"23","author":"JP Villeneuve","year":"1996","unstructured":"Villeneuve JP, Dagenais M, Huet PM et al (1996) The hepatic microcirculation in the isolated perfused human liver. Hepatol Baltim Md 23:24\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.510230104","journal-title":"Hepatol Baltim Md"},{"key":"1341_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.00199.x","volume":"528","author":"S Sahin","year":"2000","unstructured":"Sahin S, Rowland M (2000) Estimation of aqueous distributional spaces in the dual perfused rat liver. J Physiol 528:199\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.00199.x","journal-title":"J Physiol"},{"key":"1341_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.12.10039","volume":"201","author":"MH Zissen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zissen MH, Wang ZJ, Yee J et al (2013) Contrast-enhanced CT quantification of the hepatic fractional extracellular space: correlation with diffuse liver disease severity. AJR 201:1204\u20131210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/AJR.12.10039","journal-title":"AJR"},{"key":"1341_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.14141435","volume":"275","author":"S Bandula","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bandula S, Punwani S, Rosenberg WM et al (2015) Equilibrium contrast-enhanced CT imaging to evaluate hepatic fibrosis: initial validation by comparison with histopathologic sampling. Radiology 275:136\u2013143. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.14141435","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"1341_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000123","volume":"50","author":"JH Yoon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yoon JH, Lee JM, Klotz E et al (2015) Estimation of hepatic extracellular volume fraction using multiphasic liver computed tomography for hepatic fibrosis grading. Invest Radiol 50:290\u2013296. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/RLI.0000000000000123","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"key":"1341_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2016.10.003","volume":"72","author":"SL Guo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guo SL, Su LN, Zhai YN et al (2017) The clinical value of hepatic extracellular volume fraction using routine multiphasic contrast-enhanced liver CT for staging liver fibrosis. Clin Radiol 72:242\u2013246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crad.2016.10.003","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"1341_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"938.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crad.2016.05.002","volume":"71","author":"G Ascenti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ascenti G, Sofia C, Mazziotti S et al (2016) Dual-energy CT with iodine quantification in distinguishing between bland and neoplastic portal vein thrombosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Radiol 71:938.e1-938.e9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crad.2016.05.002","journal-title":"Clin Radiol"},{"key":"1341_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-013-2811-4","volume":"23","author":"G Ascenti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ascenti G, Mileto A, Krauss B et al (2013) Distinguishing enhancing from nonenhancing renal masses with dual-source dual-energy CT: iodine quantification versus standard enhancement measurements. Eur Radiol 23:2288\u20132295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-013-2811-4","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"1341_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.11.7711","volume":"199","author":"G Ascenti","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ascenti G, Mazziotti S, Mileto A et al (2012) Dual-source dual-energy CT evaluation of complex cystic renal masses. Am J Roentgenol 199:1026\u20131034. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/AJR.11.7711","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"1341_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1007\/s40134-017-0243-7","volume":"5","author":"MA Marino","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marino MA, Silipigni S, Barbaro U et al (2017) Dual energy CT scanning in evaluation of the urinary tract. Curr Radiol Rep 5:46. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40134-017-0243-7","journal-title":"Curr Radiol Rep"},{"key":"1341_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.13205","author":"K Sofue","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sofue K, Tsurusaki M, Mileto A et al (2018) Dual-energy computed tomography for non-invasive staging of liver fibrosis: accuracy of iodine density measurements from contrast-enhanced data: staging of liver fibrosis in dual-energy CT. Hepatol Res. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/hepr.13205","journal-title":"Hepatol Res"},{"key":"1341_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-019-01089-7","author":"A Bottari","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bottari A, Silipigni S, Carerj ML et al (2019) Dual-source dual-energy CT in the evaluation of hepatic fractional extracellular space in cirrhosis. Radiol Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11547-019-01089-7","journal-title":"Radiol Med"},{"key":"1341_CR16","unstructured":"Tsoris A, Marlar CA (2019) Use of the Child Pugh score in liver disease. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island (FL)"},{"key":"1341_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(90)71023-1","volume":"36","author":"M Hashizume","year":"1990","unstructured":"Hashizume M, Kitano S, Yamaga H et al (1990) Endoscopic classification of gastric varices. Gastrointest Endosc 36:276\u2013280. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0016-5107(90)71023-1","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"key":"1341_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1093\/gastro\/gow018","volume":"4","author":"C Abby Philips","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abby Philips C, Sahney A (2016) Oesophageal and gastric varices: historical aspects, classification and grading: everything in one place. Gastroenterol Rep 4:186\u2013195","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Rep"},{"key":"1341_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000830","volume":"29","author":"AC de Oliveira","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Oliveira AC (2017) Short article: noninvasive assessment of portal hypertension and detection of esophageal varices in cirrhosis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 29:531\u2013534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000830","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1341_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1097\/00001574-200405000-00010","volume":"20","author":"G Garcia-Tsao","year":"2004","unstructured":"Garcia-Tsao G (2004) Portal hypertension. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 20:254\u2013263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00001574-200405000-00010","journal-title":"Curr Opin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1341_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-011-0517-4","volume":"47","author":"T Reiberger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Reiberger T, Ferlitsch A, Payer BA et al (2012) Non-selective \u03b2-blockers improve the correlation of liver stiffness and portal pressure in advanced cirrhosis. J Gastroenterol 47:561\u2013568. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00535-011-0517-4","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"1341_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-011-2162-y","volume":"21","author":"RW Bauer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bauer RW, Kramer S, Renker M et al (2011) Dose and image quality at CT pulmonary angiography\u2014comparison of first and second generation dual-energy CT and 64-slice CT. Eur Radiol 21:2139\u20132147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-011-2162-y","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"1341_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.15.15512","volume":"206","author":"D Marin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marin D, Ramirez-Giraldo JC, Gupta S et al (2016) Effect of a noise-optimized second-generation monoenergetic algorithm on image and conspicuity of hypervascular liver tumors: an in vitro and in vivo study. Am J Roentgenol 206:1222\u20131232. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2214\/AJR.15.15512","journal-title":"Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"1341_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-72628-1","volume-title":"Diagnostic methods for cirrhosis and portal hypertension","author":"A Berzigotti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Berzigotti A, Bosch J (2018) Diagnostic methods for cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Springer International Publishing, Cham"}],"container-title":["La radiologia medica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11547-021-01341-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11547-021-01341-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11547-021-01341-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]],"date-time":"2021-05-26T04:18:36Z","timestamp":1622002716000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11547-021-01341-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["1341"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11547-021-01341-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-8362","1826-6983"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-8362","type":"print"},{"value":"1826-6983","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 April 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 February 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 March 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This work was in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical statement"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants involved in the study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}