{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T16:19:36Z","timestamp":1784132376766,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2021YFF0501402"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFF0501402"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82271990"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82271990"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82471982"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82471982"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission Discipline Leader Project","award":["BJKJ2024052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BJKJ2024052"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Health Commission Discipline Leader Project","award":["2022XD031"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022XD031"]}]},{"name":"Key Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission","award":["2024AIZD017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024AIZD017"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiol med"],"DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-025-02063-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T14:48:27Z","timestamp":1754491707000},"page":"1602-1614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Radiomic phenotype of epicardial adipose tissue derived from coronary artery calcium score predicts myocardial ischemia"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"130","author":[{"given":"Lihua","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenli","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Runjianya","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yarong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7383-7571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingdong","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2063_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)32203-7","volume":"392","author":"GA Roth","year":"2018","unstructured":"Roth GA, Abate D, Abate KH, Abay SM, Abbafati C, Abbasi N, Abbastabar H, Abd-Allah F, Abdela J, Abdelalim A et al (2018) Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet 392:1736\u20131788. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(18)32203-7","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2063_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-019-09831-z","volume":"25","author":"BR Pagliaro","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pagliaro BR, Cannata F, Stefanini GG, Bolognese L (2020) Myocardial ischemia and coronary disease in heart failure. Heart Fail Rev 25:53\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10741-019-09831-z","journal-title":"Heart Fail Rev"},{"key":"2063_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz425","volume":"41","author":"J Knuuti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Knuuti J, Wijns W, Saraste A, Capodanno D, Barbato E, Funck-Brentano C, Prescott E, Storey RF, Deaton C, Cuisset T et al (2020) 2019 ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and management of chronic coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J 41:407\u2013477. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz425","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2063_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr331","volume":"33","author":"L Jespersen","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jespersen L, Hvelplund A, Abildstr\u00f8m SZ, Pedersen F, Galatius S, Madsen JK, J\u00f8rgensen E, Kelb\u00e6k H, Prescott E (2012) Stable angina pectoris with no obstructive coronary artery disease is associated with increased risks of major adverse cardiovascular events. Eur Heart J 33:734\u2013744. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehr331","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2063_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy185","volume":"39","author":"F Radico","year":"2018","unstructured":"Radico F, Zimarino M, Fulgenzi F, Ricci F, Di Nicola M, Jespersen L, Chang SM, Humphries KH, Marzilli M, De Caterina R (2018) Determinants of long-term clinical outcomes in patients with angina but without obstructive coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 39:2135\u20132146. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy185","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2063_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2019.04.020","volume":"12","author":"KK Patel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Patel KK, Al Badarin F, Chan PS, Spertus JA, Courter S, Kennedy KF, Case JA, McGhie AI, Heller GV, Bateman TM (2019) Randomized comparison of clinical effectiveness of pharmacologic SPECT and PET MPI in symptomatic CAD patients. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 12:1821\u20131831. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmg.2019.04.020","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2063_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.07.060","volume":"76","author":"AE Arai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Arai AE, Schulz-Menger J, Berman D, Mahrholdt H, Han Y, Bandettini WP, Gutberlet M, Abraham A, Woodard PK, Selvanayagam JB et al (2020) Gadobutrol-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for detection of coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 76:1536\u20131547. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.07.060","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2063_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12110918","volume":"266","author":"OR Coelho-Filho","year":"2013","unstructured":"Coelho-Filho OR, Rickers C, Kwong RY, Jerosch-Herold M (2013) MR myocardial perfusion imaging. Radiology 266:701\u2013715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.12110918","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2063_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2021.07.021","volume":"15","author":"FMA Nous","year":"2022","unstructured":"Nous FMA, Geisler T, Kruk MBP, Alkadhi H, Kitagawa K, Vliegenthart R, Hell MM, Hausleiter J, Nguyen PK, Budde RPJ et al (2022) Dynamic myocardial perfusion CT for the detection of hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 15:75\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmg.2021.07.021","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2063_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2015.58","volume":"11","author":"G Iacobellis","year":"2015","unstructured":"Iacobellis G (2015) Local and systemic effects of the multifaceted epicardial adipose tissue depot. Nat Rev Endocrinol 11:363\u2013371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrendo.2015.58","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"2063_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2460","DOI":"10.1161\/01.Cir.0000099542.57313.C5","volume":"108","author":"T Mazurek","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mazurek T, Zhang L, Zalewski A, Mannion JD, Diehl JT, Arafat H, Sarov-Blat L, O\u2019Brien S, Keiper EA, Johnson AG et al (2003) Human epicardial adipose tissue is a source of inflammatory mediators. Circulation 108:2460\u20132466. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.Cir.0000099542.57313.C5","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2063_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcct.2016.01.009","volume":"10","author":"MM Hell","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hell MM, Ding X, Rubeaux M, Slomka P, Gransar H, Terzopoulos D, Hayes S, Marwan M, Achenbach S, Berman DS et al (2016) Epicardial adipose tissue volume but not density is an independent predictor for myocardial ischemia. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 10:141\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcct.2016.01.009","journal-title":"J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr"},{"key":"2063_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-021-01420-5","volume":"20","author":"E Cosson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cosson E, Nguyen MT, Rezgani I, Berkane N, Pinto S, Bihan H, Tatulashvili S, Taher M, Sal M, Soussan M et al (2021) Epicardial adipose tissue volume and myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic people living with diabetes: a cross-sectional study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 20:224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12933-021-01420-5","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2063_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020191145","volume":"295","author":"A Zwanenburg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zwanenburg A, Valli\u00e8res M, Abdalah MA, Aerts H, Andrearczyk V, Apte A, Ashrafinia S, Bakas S, Beukinga RJ, Boellaard R et al (2020) The image biomarker standardization initiative: standardized quantitative radiomics for high-throughput image-based phenotyping. Radiology 295:328\u2013338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2020191145","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2063_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2015151169","volume":"278","author":"RJ Gillies","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gillies RJ, Kinahan PE, Hricak H (2016) Radiomics: images are more than pictures, they are data. Radiology 278:563\u2013577. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2015151169","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2063_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/rti.0000000000000268","volume":"33","author":"M Kolossv\u00e1ry","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kolossv\u00e1ry M, Kellermayer M, Merkely B, Maurovich-Horvat P (2018) Cardiac computed tomography radiomics: a comprehensive review on radiomic techniques. J Thorac Imaging 33:26\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/rti.0000000000000268","journal-title":"J Thorac Imaging"},{"key":"2063_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(90)90282-t","volume":"15","author":"AS Agatston","year":"1990","unstructured":"Agatston AS, Janowitz WR, Hildner FJ, Zusmer NR, Viamonte M Jr., Detrano R (1990) Quantification of coronary artery calcium using ultrafast computed tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol 15:827\u2013832. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0735-1097(90)90282-t","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2063_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-010-1715-9","volume":"20","author":"F Bamberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bamberg F, Klotz E, Flohr T, Becker A, Becker CR, Schmidt B, Wintersperger BJ, Reiser MF, Nikolaou K (2010) Dynamic myocardial stress perfusion imaging using fast dual-source CT with alternating table positions: initial experience. Eur Radiol 20:1168\u20131173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-010-1715-9","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2063_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0402.102975","volume":"105","author":"MD Cerqueira","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cerqueira MD, Weissman NJ, Dilsizian V, Jacobs AK, Kaul S, Laskey WK, Pennell DJ, Rumberger JA, Ryan T, Verani MS (2002) Standardized myocardial segmentation and nomenclature for tomographic imaging of the heart. A statement for healthcare professionals from the Cardiac Imaging Committee of the Council on Clinical Cardiology of the American Heart Association. Circulation 105:539\u2013542. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/hc0402.102975","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2063_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2019190098","volume":"293","author":"Y Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li Y, Yu M, Dai X, Lu Z, Shen C, Wang Y, Lu B, Zhang J (2019) Detection of hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis: CT myocardial perfusion versus machine learning CT fractional flow reserve. Radiology 293:305\u2013314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1148\/radiol.2019190098","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"2063_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1803538","volume":"379","author":"P Xaplanteris","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xaplanteris P, Fournier S, Pijls NHJ, Fearon WF, Barbato E, Tonino PAL, Engstr\u00f8m T, K\u00e4\u00e4b S, Dambrink JH, Rioufol G et al (2018) Five-year outcomes with PCI guided by fractional flow reserve. N Engl J Med 379:250\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa1803538","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2063_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jez258","volume":"21","author":"MJ Bom","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bom MJ, van Diemen PA, Driessen RS, Everaars H, Schumacher SP, Wijmenga JT, Raijmakers PG, van de Ven PM, Lammertsma AA, van Rossum AC et al (2020) Prognostic value of [15O]H2O positron emission tomography-derived global and regional myocardial perfusion. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 21:777\u2013786. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ehjci\/jez258","journal-title":"Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2063_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2018.05.021","volume":"12","author":"S Nakamura","year":"2019","unstructured":"Nakamura S, Kitagawa K, Goto Y, Omori T, Kurita T, Yamada A, Takafuji M, Uno M, Dohi K, Sakuma H (2019) Incremental prognostic value of myocardial blood flow quantified with stress dynamic computed tomography perfusion imaging. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 12:1379\u20131387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jcmg.2018.05.021","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc Imaging"},{"key":"2063_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2900","DOI":"10.1161\/01.Cir.0000072790.23090.41","volume":"107","author":"R Hachamovitch","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hachamovitch R, Hayes SW, Friedman JD, Cohen I, Berman DS (2003) Comparison of the short-term survival benefit associated with revascularization compared with medical therapy in patients with no prior coronary artery disease undergoing stress myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography. Circulation 107:2900\u20132907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.Cir.0000072790.23090.41","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2063_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt-21-219","volume":"11","author":"L Yu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Yu L, Lu Z, Dai X, Shen C, Zhang L, Zhang J (2021) Prognostic value of CT-derived myocardial blood flow, CT fractional flow reserve and high-risk plaque features for predicting major adverse cardiac events. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 11:956\u2013966. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/cdt-21-219","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diagn Ther"},{"key":"2063_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H746","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00617.2009","volume":"298","author":"S Langheim","year":"2010","unstructured":"Langheim S, Dreas L, Veschini L, Maisano F, Foglieni C, Ferrarello S, Sinagra G, Zingone B, Alfieri O, Ferrero E et al (2010) Increased expression and secretion of resistin in epicardial adipose tissue of patients with acute coronary syndrome. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 298:H746-753. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpheart.00617.2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol"},{"key":"2063_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.01.078","volume":"432","author":"H Imoto-Tsubakimoto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Imoto-Tsubakimoto H, Takahashi T, Ueyama T, Ogata T, Adachi A, Nakanishi N, Mizushima K, Naito Y, Matsubara H (2013) Serglycin is a novel adipocytokine highly expressed in epicardial adipose tissue. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 432:105\u2013110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bbrc.2013.01.078","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2063_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2021.03.052","volume":"332","author":"Z Xie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xie Z, Zhu J, Li W, Liu L, Zhuo K, Yang R, Hu F (2021) Relationship of epicardial fat volume with coronary plaque characteristics, coronary artery calcification score, coronary stenosis, and CT-FFR for lesion-specific ischemia in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Int J Cardiol 332:8\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2021.03.052","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2063_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-014-0004-4","volume":"22","author":"T Khawaja","year":"2015","unstructured":"Khawaja T, Greer C, Thadani SR, Kato TS, Bhatia K, Shimbo D, Kontak A, Bokhari S, Einstein AJ, Schulze PC (2015) Increased regional epicardial fat volume associated with reversible myocardial ischemia in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. J Nucl Cardiol 22:325\u2013333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12350-014-0004-4","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"key":"2063_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aal2658","volume":"9","author":"AS Antonopoulos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Antonopoulos AS, Sanna F, Sabharwal N, Thomas S, Oikonomou EK, Herdman L, Margaritis M, Shirodaria C, Kampoli AM, Akoumianakis I et al (2017) Detecting human coronary inflammation by imaging perivascular fat. Sci Transl Med 9:eaal2658. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aal2658","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"2063_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6838","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-07069-0","volume":"30","author":"R Ma","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ma R, Ties D, van Assen M, Pelgrim GJ, Sidorenkov G, van Ooijen PMA, van der Harst P, van Dijk R, Vliegenthart R (2020) Towards reference values of pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation: impact of coronary artery and tube voltage in coronary computed tomography angiography. Eur Radiol 30:6838\u20136846. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-020-07069-0","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2063_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2020.06.008","volume":"319","author":"X Dai","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dai X, Yu L, Lu Z, Shen C, Tao X, Zhang J (2020) Serial change of perivascular fat attenuation index after statin treatment: insights from a coronary CT angiography follow-up study. Int J Cardiol 319:144\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijcard.2020.06.008","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol"},{"key":"2063_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-022-09175-7","volume":"33","author":"L Yu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yu L, Chen X, Ling R, Yu Y, Yang W, Sun J, Zhang J (2023) Radiomics features of pericoronary adipose tissue improve CT-FFR performance in predicting hemodynamically significant coronary artery stenosis. Eur Radiol 33:2004\u20132014. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00330-022-09175-7","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2063_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2021.109740","volume":"140","author":"D Wen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wen D, Li J, Ren J, Zhao H, Li J, Zheng M (2021) Pericoronary adipose tissue CT attenuation and volume: Diagnostic performance for hemodynamically significant stenosis in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Eur J Radiol 140:109740. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ejrad.2021.109740","journal-title":"Eur J Radiol"},{"key":"2063_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2021.755295","volume":"8","author":"S Ma","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ma S, Chen X, Ma Y, Liu H, Zhang J, Xu L, Wang Y, Liu T, Wang K, Yang J et al (2021) Lesion-specific peri-coronary fat attenuation index is associated with functional myocardial ischemia defined by abnormal fractional flow reserve. Front Cardiovasc Med 8:755295. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fcvm.2021.755295","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2063_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm564","volume":"29","author":"AM de Vos","year":"2008","unstructured":"de Vos AM, Prokop M, Roos CJ, Meijs MF, van der Schouw YT, Rutten A, Gorter PM, Cramer MJ, Doevendans PA, Rensing BJ et al (2008) Peri-coronary epicardial adipose tissue is related to cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery calcification in post-menopausal women. Eur Heart J 29:777\u2013783. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm564","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"key":"2063_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-022-00679-9","volume":"19","author":"G Iacobellis","year":"2022","unstructured":"Iacobellis G (2022) Epicardial adipose tissue in contemporary cardiology. Nat Rev Cardiol 19:593\u2013606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41569-022-00679-9","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"key":"2063_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1007\/s12350-015-0370-6","volume":"24","author":"T Mazurek","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mazurek T, Kobylecka M, Zielenkiewicz M, Kurek A, Kochman J, Filipiak KJ, Mazurek K, Huczek Z, Kr\u00f3licki L, Opolski G (2017) PET\/CT evaluation of (18)F-FDG uptake in pericoronary adipose tissue in patients with stable coronary artery disease: independent predictor of atherosclerotic lesions\u2019 formation? J Nucl Cardiol 24:1075\u20131084. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12350-015-0370-6","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"},{"key":"2063_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2022.11.009","volume":"363","author":"PK Mehta","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mehta PK, Huang J, Levit RD, Malas W, Waheed N, Bairey Merz CN (2022) Ischemia and no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA): a narrative review. Atherosclerosis 363:8\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2022.11.009","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2063_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1062724","volume":"40","author":"G Iacobellis","year":"2008","unstructured":"Iacobellis G, Barbaro G (2008) The double role of epicardial adipose tissue as pro- and anti-inflammatory organ. Horm Metab Res 40:442\u2013445. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-2008-1062724","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"key":"2063_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2010.10.007","volume":"213","author":"M Konishi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Konishi M, Sugiyama S, Sato Y, Oshima S, Sugamura K, Nozaki T, Ohba K, Matsubara J, Sumida H, Nagayoshi Y et al (2010) Pericardial fat inflammation correlates with coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 213:649\u2013655. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2010.10.007","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2063_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2008.05.006","volume":"43","author":"S Eiras","year":"2008","unstructured":"Eiras S, Teijeira-Fern\u00e1ndez E, Shamagian LG, Fernandez AL, Vazquez-Boquete A, Gonzalez-Juanatey JR (2008) Extension of coronary artery disease is associated with increased IL-6 and decreased adiponectin gene expression in epicardial adipose tissue. Cytokine 43:174\u2013180. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cyto.2008.05.006","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"2063_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1951","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.100.19.1951","volume":"100","author":"SJ Duffy","year":"1999","unstructured":"Duffy SJ, Castle SF, Harper RW, Meredith IT (1999) Contribution of vasodilator prostanoids and nitric oxide to resting flow, metabolic vasodilation, and flow-mediated dilation in human coronary circulation. Circulation 100:1951\u20131957. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.100.19.1951","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2063_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3042","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.96.9.3042","volume":"96","author":"K Bhagat","year":"1997","unstructured":"Bhagat K, Vallance P (1997) Inflammatory cytokines impair endothelium-dependent dilatation in human veins in vivo. Circulation 96:3042\u20133047. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.cir.96.9.3042","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2063_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1161\/01.res.73.1.205","volume":"73","author":"M Yoshizumi","year":"1993","unstructured":"Yoshizumi M, Perrella MA, Burnett JC Jr., Lee ME (1993) Tumor necrosis factor downregulates an endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA by shortening its half-life. Circ Res 73:205\u2013209. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.res.73.1.205","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"2063_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3529","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz592","volume":"40","author":"EK Oikonomou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oikonomou EK, Williams MC, Kotanidis CP, Desai MY, Marwan M, Antonopoulos AS, Thomas KE, Thomas S, Akoumianakis I, Fan LM et al (2019) A novel machine learning-derived radiotranscriptomic signature of perivascular fat improves cardiac risk prediction using coronary CT angiography. Eur Heart J 40:3529\u20133543. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehz592","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"}],"container-title":["La radiologia medica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11547-025-02063-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11547-025-02063-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11547-025-02063-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T11:25:30Z","timestamp":1761132330000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11547-025-02063-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["2063"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11547-025-02063-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1826-6983"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1826-6983","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 July 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Jianqing Sun is the Senior Algorithm Engineers of United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China. He did not have the control of image analysis, data curation, data analysis and statistical analysis.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"This retrospective study was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This study involving human participants was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Shanghai General Hospital (approval no. 2021\u2013049).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Human or animal participants"}},{"value":"Informed consent was waived by our institutional review board because of the retrospective nature of our study.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed consent"}}]}}