{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T17:14:26Z","timestamp":1784049266514,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007052","name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Verona","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007052","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Radiol med"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the agreement of Neck Imaging Reporting and Data System (NI-RADS) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) among readers with different experience in the evaluation of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted an observational retrospective study and collected post-treatment follow-up MRIs in patients treated for OPSCC. Each scan was scored according to NI-RADS by 1 general radiologist, 2 radiology residents, and 2 seasoned radiologists. Percentage of agreement (POA) and kappa values (\u03ba) were calculated for the assignment of NI-RADS and its individual MRI features (lymph node, primary tumor size, primary site signal on T2-weighted, contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted images). Inter-reader agreement was calculated for all post-treatment MRIs and separately for the first post-treatment MRI (using pre-treatment MRI as reference) and subsequent follow-ups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety-one patients were included (a total of 218 MRIs per rater). The agreement among all readers for NI-RADS (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.53, POA\u2009=\u200989%) and for each individual MRI feature (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.42\u20130.52, POA\u2009=\u200984\u201393%) assessment was moderate. Lower reliability emerged between the expert radiologist and the radiologists not specialized in head and neck imaging in the first follow-up MRI scan for both primary site contrast enhancement (\u03ba\u2009=\u00a00.38-0.41,\u00a0POA = 72%-88%) and lymph node (\u03ba\u2009=\u20090.25-0.36, POA = 77%-90%) assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MRI NI-RADS showed moderate inter-rater agreement in OPSCC patients, with greater interpretative challenges in the evaluation of the first post-treatment MRI. Regular application of the NI-RADS in clinical settings may help enhance consistency and reliability in imaging evaluations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11547-026-02206-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T14:33:12Z","timestamp":1774881192000},"page":"1237-1247","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inter-rater reliability of MRI Neck Imaging Reporting and Data System (NI-RADS) in the follow-up of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Falzone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4067-7118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Parillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marinella","family":"Neri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Marinetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Zanini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Sella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo Cosimo","family":"Quattrocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2206_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.24339","volume":"125","author":"A N\u00e4sman","year":"2009","unstructured":"N\u00e4sman A, Attner P, Hammarstedt L et al (2009) Incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) positive tonsillar carcinoma in Stockholm, Sweden: an epidemic of viral-induced carcinoma? 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