{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T19:20:43Z","timestamp":1792783243514,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790640000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space","award":["03RU3U02C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03RU3U02C"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04pz7b180","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"RWTH Aachen University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04xfq0f34","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J CARS"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Interoperable, vendor-independent communication between medical devices in operating rooms has been enabled by the ISO IEEE 11073 Service-oriented Device Connectivity (SDC) standard since 2019. However, mechanisms for predictable and deterministic transmission behavior have not yet been standardized. One approach to enable bounded-latency communication is the use of Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN), an extension of standard Ethernet that enables time-synchronized and controlled data transmission to achieve reliable and time-deterministic data delivery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We implemented and evaluated the integration of TSN into SDC-based medical networks to provide bounded-latency communication through time-division mechanisms. An automated process was developed to extract transmission requirements from SDC devices and generate TSN configuration files for network deployment. The evaluation was conducted in a prototype SDC network under realistic traffic conditions. Furthermore, an SDC library designed with the aim of enabling faster data transmission via QUIC was used in the evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Automated TSN configuration is technically feasible and can improve bounded-latency communication in busy networks. With appropriately dimensioned schedules, the maximum SDC latency remains within the same range under high background traffic as under unloaded conditions. However, improperly dimensioned transmission windows can cause instability, connection loss and latency peaks of up to four times the planned transmission time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>SDC with TSN offers a promising approach for achieving bounded-latency communication in interoperable medical networks. Further optimization is required to eliminate latency peaks and meet the timing requirements of safety-critical medical applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-026-03801-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:29:51Z","timestamp":1790699391000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of an automated workflow for TSN-based bounded-latency communication in ISO IEEE 11073 SDC-based medical networks"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8581-4282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"Dohms","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noah","family":"Wickel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Radermacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armin","family":"Jan\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"3801_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-017-1589-2","volume":"12","author":"M Rockstroh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rockstroh M, Franke S, Hofer M, Will A, Kasparick M, Andersen B, Neumuth T (2017) OR.NET: multi-perspective qualitative evaluation of an integrated operating room based on IEEE 11073 SDC. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 12:1461\u20131469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11548-017-1589-2","journal-title":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg"},{"key":"3801_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1515\/bmt-2017-0020","volume":"63","author":"M Kasparick","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kasparick M, Schmitz M, Andersen B, Rockstroh M, Franke S, Schlichting S, Golatowski F, Timmermann D (2018) OR.NET: a service-oriented architecture for safe and dynamic medical device interoperability. Biomed Tech (Berl) 63:11\u201330. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/bmt-2017-0020","journal-title":"Biomed Tech (Berl)"},{"key":"3801_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1639","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-023-02926-x","volume":"18","author":"N Wickel","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wickel N, Vossel M, Yilmaz O, Radermacher K, Jan\u00df A (2023) Integration of a surgical robotic arm to the connected operating room via ISO IEEE 11073 SDC. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 18:1639\u20131648. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11548-023-02926-x","journal-title":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg"},{"key":"3801_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"875845","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2022.875845","volume":"9","author":"J Berger","year":"2022","unstructured":"Berger J, Unger M, Keller J, Reich CM, Neumuth T, Melzer A (2022) Design and validation of a medical robotic device system to control two collaborative robots for ultrasound-guided needle insertions. Front Robot AI 9:875845. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/frobt.2022.875845","journal-title":"Front Robot AI"},{"key":"3801_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14744\/bauh.2023.55264","author":"D Hac\u0131dursuno\u011flu Erba\u015f","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hac\u0131dursuno\u011flu Erba\u015f D (2024) Problems related to cables and connections in the operating room: systematic review and meta-analysis. 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