{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T00:41:07Z","timestamp":1767141667316,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,1]],"date-time":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590969600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]],"date-time":"2020-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594944000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":46,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CURR MED SCI"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Accumulating evidence suggests that a disruption of early brain development, in which insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) has a crucial role, may underlie the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Our previous study has shown that decreased serum IGF-2 was correlated with the severity of psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia. Here we conducted a prospective observation trial to investigate the effects of atypical antipsychotics on serum IGF-2 level and its relationship with clinical improvements in schizophrenia patients. Thirty-one schizophrenia patients with acute exacerbation and 30 healthy individuals were recruited in this study. Psychiatric symptoms were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and serum IGF-2 levels were determined using ELISA. We found that schizophrenia patients with acute exacerbation had lower serum IGF-2 levels than control individuals at baseline (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.05). After 2 months of atypical antipsychotic treatment, a significant improvement in each PANSS subscore and total score was observed in patients (all\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.01), and the serum IGF-2 levels of patients were significantly increased compared with those at baseline (203.13\u00b164.62\n                    <jats:italic>vs.<\/jats:italic>\n                    426.99\u00b1124.26 ng\/mL;\n                    <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\u22125.044,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;0.001). Correlation analysis revealed that the changes of serum IGF-2 levels in patients were significantly correlated with the improvements of negative symptoms (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\u22120.522,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.006). Collectively, our findings demonstrated changes of serum IGF-2 response to improvements of negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients treated with atypical antipsychotics, suggesting that serum IGF-2 might be a treatment biomarker for schizophrenia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-020-2214-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]],"date-time":"2020-07-17T11:13:11Z","timestamp":1594984391000},"page":"563-569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Changes of Serum Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 Response to Negative Symptom Improvements in Schizophrenia Patients Treated with Atypical Antipsychotics"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Xue-lin","family":"Chao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-zhen","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jian-wen","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin-qiong","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-nuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan-jian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,17]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10039","key":"2214_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01121-6","volume":"388","author":"MJ Owen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Owen MJ, Sawa A, Mortensen PB. 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With the author(s)\u2019 decision to opt for Open Choice, the copyright of the article is changed to \u2014 The Author(s) 2020 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (","order":6,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/","order":7,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.","order":8,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 February 2021","order":9,"name":"change_date","label":"Change Date","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Erratum","order":10,"name":"change_type","label":"Change Type","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"An Erratum to this paper has been published:","order":11,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11596-020-2256-3","URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11596-020-2256-3","order":12,"name":"change_details","label":"Change Details","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization or corporation or individual that can inappropriately influence this work.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interest Statement"}}]}}