{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T02:58:43Z","timestamp":1781233123050,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742947200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]],"date-time":"2025-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742947200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["(2023AFB646)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(2023AFB646)"]}]},{"name":"Innovation Program of Wuhan Basic Research","award":["(No. 2023020201010155)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(No. 2023020201010155)"]}]},{"name":"Educational Research Program of Huazhong University of Science and Technology","award":["(2022135)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(2022135)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CURR MED SCI"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-025-00040-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,29]],"date-time":"2025-03-29T09:24:25Z","timestamp":1743240265000},"page":"331-340","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Pathogen Detection in Spinal Infections: Next-Generation Sequencing Versus Conventional Microbiological Methods"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Khan Akhtar","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling-xiao","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze-an","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heng","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4813-0069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-hua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"40_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.87B11.16294","volume":"87","author":"S Govender","year":"2005","unstructured":"Govender S. Spinal infections. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005;87(11):1454\u20131458.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br."},{"issue":"1","key":"40_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)32045-9","volume":"27","author":"FL Sapico","year":"1996","unstructured":"Sapico FL. Microbiology and antimicrobial therapy of spinal infections. Orthop Clin North Am. 1996;27(1):9\u201313.","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am."},{"issue":"8","key":"40_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1302\/2046-3758.88.BJR-2019-0003.R2","volume":"8","author":"MF Chen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chen MF, Chang CH, Chiang-Ni C, et al. Rapid analysis of bacterial composition in prosthetic joint infection by 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing. Bone Joint Res. 2019;8(8):367\u2013377.","journal-title":"Bone Joint Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"40_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.17.00434","volume":"100","author":"M Tarabichi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tarabichi M, Shohat N, Goswami K, et al. Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infection: The Potential of Next-Generation Sequencing. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2018;100(2):147\u2013154.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am."},{"issue":"4","key":"40_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2018.0013","volume":"22","author":"I Laudadio","year":"2018","unstructured":"Laudadio I, Fulci V, Palone F, et al. Quantitative assessment of shotgun metagenomics and 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing in the study of human gut microbiome. Omics. 2018;22(4):248\u2013254.","journal-title":"Omics."},{"issue":"2","key":"40_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1007\/s13365-015-0390-7","volume":"22","author":"H Guan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guan H, Shen A, Lv X, et al. Detection of virus in CSF from the cases with meningoencephalitis by next-generation sequencing. J Neurovirol. 2016;22(2):240\u2013245.","journal-title":"J Neurovirol."},{"issue":"11","key":"40_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciy802","volume":"68","author":"MS Zinter","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zinter MS, Dvorak CC, Mayday MY, et al. Pulmonary Metagenomic Sequencing Suggests Missed Infections in Immunocompromised Children. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;68(11):1847\u20131855.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"40_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2016.08.004","volume":"47","author":"Y Long","year":"2016","unstructured":"Long Y, Zhang Y, Gong Y, et al. Diagnosis of Sepsis with Cell-free DNA by Next-Generation Sequencing Technology in ICU Patients. Arch Med Res. 2016;47(5):365\u2013371.","journal-title":"Arch Med Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"40_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01888","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.01888-15","volume":"6","author":"B Goldberg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goldberg B, Sichtig H, Geyer C, et al. Making the leap from research laboratory to clinic: challenges and opportunities for next-generation sequencing in infectious disease diagnostics. MBio. 2015;6(6):e01888\u201315.","journal-title":"MBio."},{"issue":"6","key":"40_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu912","volume":"60","author":"SN Naccache","year":"2015","unstructured":"Naccache SN, Peggs KS, Mattes FM, et al. Diagnosis of neuroinvasive astrovirus infection in an immunocompromised adult with encephalitis by unbiased next-generation sequencing. Clin Infect Dis. 2015;60(6):919\u2013923.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"40_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1415627","volume":"373","author":"B Hoffmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hoffmann B, Tappe D, H\u00f6per D, et al. A variegated squirrel bornavirus associated with fatal human encephalitis. New Engl J Med. 2015;373(2):154\u2013162.","journal-title":"New Engl J Med."},{"issue":"25","key":"40_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2408","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1401268","volume":"370","author":"MR Wilson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wilson MR, Naccache SN, Samayoa E, et al. Actionable diagnosis of neuroleptospirosis by next-generation sequencing. New Engl J Med. 2014;370(25):2408\u20132417.","journal-title":"New Engl J Med."},{"key":"40_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S40","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000002305","volume":"36","author":"K Goswami","year":"2022","unstructured":"Goswami K, Tipton C, Clarkson S, et al. Fracture-Associated Microbiome and Persistent Nonunion: Next-Generation Sequencing Reveals New Findings. J Orthop Trauma. 2022;36:S40\u2013S46.","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma."},{"issue":"4","key":"40_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2014.03.021","volume":"79","author":"SY Ryu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ryu SY, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, et al. Low sensitivity of periprosthetic tissue PCR for prosthetic knee infection diagnosis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2014;79(4):448\u2013453.","journal-title":"Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis."},{"key":"40_CR15","first-page":"55147","volume":"130","author":"GTR Hischebeth","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hischebeth GTR, Gravius S, Buhr JK, et al. Novel Diagnostics in Revision Arthroplasty: Implant Sonication and Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction. J Vis Exp. 2017;130:55147.","journal-title":"J Vis Exp."},{"issue":"6","key":"40_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmm.2017.07.005","volume":"307","author":"F Villa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Villa F, Toscano M, De Vecchi E, et al. Reliability of a multiplex PCR system for diagnosis of early and late prosthetic joint infections before and after broth enrichment. Int J Med Microbiol. 2017;307(6):363\u2013370.","journal-title":"Int J Med Microbiol."},{"issue":"9","key":"40_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-3827-9","volume":"42","author":"Z Huang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Huang Z, Wu Q, Fang X, et al. Comparison of culture and broad-range polymerase chain reaction methods for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection: analysis of joint fluid, periprosthetic tissue, and sonicated fluid. Int Orthop. 2018;42(9):2035\u20132040.","journal-title":"Int Orthop."},{"issue":"6","key":"40_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16323","volume":"111","author":"M Korppi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Korppi M, Heikkil\u00e4 P, Palmu S, et al. Antibiotic prescriptions for children with lower respiratory tract infections fell from 2014 to 2020, but misuse was still an issue. Acta Paediatr. 2022;111(6):1230\u20131237.","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"issue":"11","key":"40_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-023-00872-4","volume":"12","author":"R Hua","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hua R, Kong F, Li G, et al. Alfosbuvir plus Daclatasvir for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in China. Infect Dis Ther. 2023;12(11):2595\u20132609.","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther."},{"issue":"10223","key":"40_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30211-7","volume":"395","author":"N Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet (London, England). 2020;395(10223):507\u2013513.","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)."},{"issue":"10223","key":"40_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","volume":"395","author":"C Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet (London, England). 2020;395(10223):497\u2013506.","journal-title":"Lancet (London, England)."},{"issue":"10","key":"40_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.314872","volume":"40","author":"JS Berger","year":"2020","unstructured":"Berger JS, Kunichoff D, Adhikari S, et al. Prevalence and Outcomes of D-Dimer Elevation in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2020;40(10):2539-2547.","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"issue":"5","key":"40_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20795","volume":"43","author":"E Michelin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Michelin E, Snijders D, Conte S, et al. Procoagulant activity in children with community acquired pneumonia, pleural effusion and empyema. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008;43(5):472\u2013475.","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol."},{"issue":"1","key":"40_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1622-1","volume":"18","author":"SW Jhan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jhan SW, Lu YD, Lee MS, et al. The risk factors for failed reimplantation arthroplasty for periprosthetic hip infection. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2017;18(1):255.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord."},{"issue":"9","key":"40_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.17.0078","volume":"21","author":"C Yoon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yoon C, Chaisson LH, Patel SM, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of C-reactive protein for active pulmonary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2017;21(9):1013\u20131019.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"40_CR26","volume":"12","author":"P Miranda","year":"2017","unstructured":"Miranda P, Gil-Santana L, Oliveira MG, et al. Sustained elevated levels of C-reactive protein and ferritin in pulmonary tuberculosis patients remaining culture positive upon treatment initiation. PloS One. 2017;12(4):e0175278.","journal-title":"PloS One."},{"issue":"12","key":"40_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.16.0159","volume":"20","author":"A Singanayagam","year":"2016","unstructured":"Singanayagam A, Manalan K, Connell DW, et al. Evaluation of serum inflammatory biomarkers as predictors of treatment outcome in pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2016;20(12):1653\u20131660.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis."},{"key":"40_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1447-9","volume":"16","author":"J Mendy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mendy J, Togun T, Owolabi O, et al. C-reactive protein, Neopterin and Beta2 microglobulin levels pre and post TB treatment in The Gambia. BMC Infect Dis. 2016;16:115.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"40_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1736-3","volume":"16","author":"ED Mesquita","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mesquita ED, Gil-Santana L, Ramalho D, et al. Associations between systemic inflammation, mycobacterial loads in sputum and radiological improvement after treatment initiation in pulmonary TB patients from Brazil: a prospective cohort study. BMC Infect Dis. 2016;16:368.","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"40_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2014.10.006","volume":"70","author":"LM Kager","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kager LM, Blok DC, Lede IO, et al. Pulmonary tuberculosis induces a systemic hypercoagulable state. J Infect. 2015;70(4):324\u2013334.","journal-title":"J Infect."},{"issue":"2","key":"40_CR31","first-page":"247","volume":"215","author":"S Janssen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Janssen S, Schutz C, Ward AM, et al. Hemostatic Changes Associated With Increased Mortality Rates in Hospitalized Patients With HIV-Associated Tuberculosis: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Infect Dis. 2017;215(2):247\u2013258.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"40_CR32","first-page":"927","volume":"6","author":"O Turken","year":"2002","unstructured":"Turken O, Kunter E, Sezer M, et al. Hemostatic changes in active pulmonary tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2002;6(10):927\u2013932.","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis."},{"issue":"4","key":"40_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061002","volume":"8","author":"MA De Groote","year":"2013","unstructured":"De Groote MA, Nahid P, Jarlsberg L, et al. Elucidating novel serum biomarkers associated with pulmonary tuberculosis treatment. PloS One. 2013;8(4):e61002.","journal-title":"PloS One."},{"issue":"1","key":"40_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001157","volume":"74","author":"C Wyndham-Thomas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wyndham-Thomas C, Corbi\u00e8re V, Selis E, et al. Immune Activation by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV-Infected and -Uninfected Subjects. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2017;74(1):103\u2013111.","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr."},{"issue":"1","key":"40_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-011-0648-8","volume":"33","author":"C Becattini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Becattini C, Lignani A, Masotti L, et al. D-dimer for risk stratification in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2012;33(1):48\u201357.","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis."},{"key":"40_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.00754","volume":"9","author":"NR Sproston","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sproston NR, Ashworth JJ. Role of C-Reactive Protein at Sites of Inflammation and Infection. Front Immunol. 2018;9:754.","journal-title":"Front Immunol."},{"issue":"7545","key":"40_CR37","first-page":"838","volume":"332","author":"B Healy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Healy B, Freedman A. Infections. Bmj. 2006;332(7545):838\u2013841.","journal-title":"Infections. Bmj."},{"key":"40_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Trofin F, Iancu LS, Nastase E, et al. The C-reactive protein response in beta-hemolytic Streptococcal infections. OJOR. 2019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33552\/OJOR.2019.02.000526.","DOI":"10.33552\/OJOR.2019.02.000526"},{"issue":"5","key":"40_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300060520923534","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060520923534","volume":"48","author":"H Zhong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhong H, Wu H, Yu Z, et al. Clinical evaluation of the T-SPOT.TB test for detection of tuberculosis infection in northeastern Guangdong Province, China. J Int Med Res. 2020;48(5):300060520923534.","journal-title":"J Int Med Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"40_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.53.10.727","volume":"53","author":"SA Watterson","year":"2000","unstructured":"Watterson SA, Drobniewski FA. Modern laboratory diagnosis of mycobacterial infections. J Clin Pathol. 2000;53(10):727\u2013732.","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol."},{"issue":"6","key":"40_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3314","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.68.6.3314-3321.2000","volume":"68","author":"SM Arend","year":"2000","unstructured":"Arend SM, Geluk A, van Meijgaarden KE, et al. Antigenic equivalence of human T-cell responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific RD1-encoded protein antigens ESAT-6 and culture filtrate protein 10 and to mixtures of synthetic peptides. Infect Immun. 2000;68(6):3314\u20133321.","journal-title":"Infect Immun."},{"issue":"8","key":"40_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-005-1377-8","volume":"24","author":"T Meier","year":"2005","unstructured":"Meier T, Eulenbruch HP, Wrighton-Smith P, et al. Sensitivity of a new commercial enzyme-linked immunospot assay (T SPOT-TB) for diagnosis of tuberculosis in clinical practice. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2005;24(8):529\u2013536.","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis."},{"key":"40_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simsek H, Alpar S, Ucar N, et al. Comparison of tuberculin skin testing and T-SPOT.TB for diagnosis of latent and active tuberculosis. Jpn J Infect Dis. 2010;63(2):99\u2013102.","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.63.99"},{"key":"40_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23620","DOI":"10.3402\/gha.v7.23620","volume":"7","author":"XX Li","year":"2014","unstructured":"Li XX, Wang LX, Zhang J, et al. Exploration of ecological factors related to the spatial heterogeneity of tuberculosis prevalence in P. R. China. Glob Health Action. 2014;7:23620.","journal-title":"R. China. Glob Health Action."},{"issue":"10","key":"40_CR45","volume":"9","author":"YJ Jeon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jeon YJ, Zhou Y, Li Y, et al. The feasibility study of noninvasive fetal trisomy 18 and 21 detection with semiconductor sequencing platform. PloS One. 2014;9(10):e110240.","journal-title":"PloS One."},{"issue":"14","key":"40_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btp324","volume":"25","author":"H Li","year":"2009","unstructured":"Li H, Durbin R. Fast and accurate short read alignment with Burrows\u2012Wheeler transform. Bioinformatics. 2009;25(14):1754\u20131760.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics."},{"issue":"6","key":"40_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2016-0539-RA","volume":"141","author":"R Schlaberg","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schlaberg R, Chiu CY, Miller S, et al. Validation of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing Tests for Universal Pathogen Detection. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2017;141(6):776\u2013786.","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med."},{"issue":"5","key":"40_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.01942001","volume":"20","author":"S Ewig","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ewig S, Torres A, Angeles Marcos M, et al. Factors associated with unknown aetiology in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Eur Respir J. 2002;20(5):1254\u20131262.","journal-title":"Eur Respir J."},{"issue":"4","key":"40_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"490","DOI":"10.1086\/431982","volume":"41","author":"AB van Gageldonk-Lafeber","year":"2005","unstructured":"van Gageldonk-Lafeber AB, Heijnen ML, Bartelds AI, et al. A case\u2012control study of acute respiratory tract infection in general practice patients in The Netherlands. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;41(4):490\u2013497.","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"issue":"3","key":"40_CR50","volume":"9","author":"C Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang C, Hu J, Gu Y, et al. Application of next-generation metagenomic sequencing in the diagnosis and treatment of acute spinal infections. Heliyon. 2023;9(3):e13951.","journal-title":"Heliyon."},{"issue":"2","key":"40_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-021-07026-5","volume":"31","author":"C Ma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ma C, Wu H, Chen G, et al. The potential of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in diagnosis of spinal infection: a retrospective study. Eur Spine J. 2022;31(2):442\u2013447.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"key":"40_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018938","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.1018938","volume":"13","author":"Y Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li Y, Yao XW, Tang L, et al. Diagnostic efficiency of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for suspected spinal tuberculosis in China: A multicenter prospective study. Front Microbiol. 2022;13:1018938.","journal-title":"Front Microbiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"40_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa061588","volume":"357","author":"A Trampuz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Trampuz A, Piper KE, Jacobson MJ, et al. Sonication of removed hip and knee prostheses for diagnosis of infection. N Engl J Med. 2007;357(7):654\u2013663.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"40_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.7150\/jbji.30615","volume":"4","author":"Z Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang Z, Zhang C, Li W, et al. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing contribution in identifying prosthetic joint infection due to Parvimonas micra: a case report. J Bone Jt Infect. 2019;4(1):50\u201355.","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Infect."},{"issue":"2","key":"40_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-024-02185-1","volume":"52","author":"T Lv","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lv T, Zhao Q, Liu J, et al. Utilizing metagenomic next-generation sequencing for pathogen detection and diagnosis in lower respiratory tract infections in real-world clinical practice. Infection. 2024;52(2):625\u2013636.","journal-title":"Infection."},{"key":"40_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7613","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S435466","volume":"16","author":"H Cheng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cheng H, Wu H, Tan N, et al. Diagnostic Efficacy of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in Patients with Spinal Infections: A Retrospective Study. Infect Drug Resist. 2023;16:7613\u20137620.","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist."},{"issue":"7","key":"40_CR57","first-page":"2662","volume":"28","author":"KA Ali","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ali KA, He LX, Kai ZW, et al. Occurrence and significance of elevated D-dimer levels in different types of osteomyelitis: a clinical study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2024;28(7):2662\u20132669.","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci."},{"issue":"12","key":"40_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4220","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-023-07707-3","volume":"32","author":"H Huang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Huang H, Shi J, Zheng M, et al. Pathogen detection in suspected spinal infection: metagenomic next-generation sequencing versus culture. Eur Spine J. 2023;32(12):4220\u20134228.","journal-title":"Eur Spine J."},{"key":"40_CR59","volume":"12","author":"L Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu L, Zhou Z, Wang Y, et al. Improved accuracy of etiological diagnosis of spinal infection by metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022;12:929701.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol."},{"key":"40_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076525","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2023.1076525","volume":"13","author":"G Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang G, Zhang H, Hu X, et al. Clinical application value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of spinal infections and its impact on clinical outcomes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023;13:1076525.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol."},{"key":"40_CR61","volume":"12","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang Y, Chen J, Yi X, et al. Evaluation of the metagenomic next-generation sequencing performance in pathogenic detection in patients with spinal infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022;12:967584.","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol."}],"container-title":["Current Medical Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11596-025-00040-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11596-025-00040-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11596-025-00040-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,5]],"date-time":"2025-05-05T08:37:40Z","timestamp":1746434260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11596-025-00040-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]}},"alternative-id":["40"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11596-025-00040-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["2096-5230","2523-899X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2096-5230","type":"print"},{"value":"2523-899X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 March 2025","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 March 2025","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 March 2025","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of Interests"}},{"value":"The Ethical Committee of Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology has approved the study and registered under registration number TJ-IRB202406071. All procedures were carried out in conformity with relevant guidelines and regulations. All subjects and\/or their legal guardian(s) provided their informed consent.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval and Consent to Participate"}},{"value":"Additional informed consent was obtained from all individual participants for whom identifying information is included in this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Informed Consent"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for Publication"}}]}}