{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T22:57:31Z","timestamp":1791241051066,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Outstanding Youth Physician","award":["National High-level Medical Talent"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["National High-level Medical Talent"]}]},{"name":"the National Outstanding Youth Physician","award":["GJGCC202504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GJGCC202504"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82570781"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82570781"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Key Project of Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation of Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University","award":["LCYFZD2024008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LCYFZD2024008"]}]},{"name":"the General Program of Hubei Provincial Health Science and Technology","award":["WJ2025M062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WJ2025M062"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["CURR MED SCI"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A significant gap exists in medical support for organ transplant patients during out-of-hours\u00a0(OOH). General large language models (LLMs), affected by AI hallucinations, are unsuitable for complex post-transplant care. We built the first post-transplant AI agent based on LLMs to address these issues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We constructed a specialized \u201cpost-transplant AI agent\u201d (named\u00a0Doctor Xiao Yi) and conducted a mixed-methods study comparing it to a hospital-wide general AI agent (named\u00a0Nan Xiao Yi). Data included 20,176 real-world logs (June\u2013December 2025) and a cross-sectional survey of 152 transplant patients. We examined patterns of use over time, the types of questions raised, and the factors influencing patient behavior.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Unlike Nan Xiao Yi, Doctor Xiao Yi remained active during OOH, with a peak at 4:00 AM (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The general agent handled admin tasks like appointments, while the specialist agent provided clinical support such as diet, symptoms, and medication. Survey found 60.5% of OOH use by transplant patients due to reluctance to disturb human doctors. Furthermore, 63.8% of transplant patients were satisfied with the specialist agent's responses, and 48% reported they would decide on further hospital treatment based on AI suggestions.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The specialist AI agent effectively fills the gap in medical and psychological services during OOH for transplant recipients. Based on the \u201cdual-source knowledge base\u2009+\u2009GraphRAG\u00a0+ multi-agent framework\u201d architecture, our specialist AI agent offers safe, reliable post-transplant care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11596-026-00219-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T16:34:25Z","timestamp":1782923665000},"page":"1004-1013","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Real-World Analysis of Organ Transplantation-Specific Agent Based on Large Language Model in Post-Transplant Self-Management During Off-Hours: A Mixed-Methods Study"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Cheng","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-yun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-ping","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang-le","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-gao","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao-jun","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"219_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.114855","volume":"163","author":"W Jing","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jing W, Bi C, Fang Z, et al. 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