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In this study, we aimed to explore the incidence of AE when administering radiotherapy to patients with oligoprogressive solid tumours while they are undergoing treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In this multicentre prospective observational study, oligoprogressive disease was defined as a\u2009&lt;\u200920% increase in lesions compared to\u2009&gt;\u20092\u00a0months before enrolment. We enrolled patients who requested radiotherapy during the ICI rest period between 2020 and 2023. AE was considered present if\u2009\u2265\u20091 non-irradiated lesion decreased by\u2009\u2265\u200930% before the next line of systemic therapy started.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Twelve patients were included in this study; the common primary lesions were in the lungs (four patients) and kidneys (three patients). AEs were observed in six (50%) patients, with a median time to onset of 4 (range 2\u20139) months after radiotherapy. No significant predictors of AEs were identified. Patients in the AE group had a significantly better 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate than those in the non-AE group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008). Two patients from the AE group were untreated and progression-free at the last follow-up. Four (33%) patients experienced grade 2 toxicity, with two cases attributed to radiotherapy and the other two to ICI treatment. No grade 3 or higher toxicities were observed in any category.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Patients with oligoprogressive disease may be promising targets with potential for AEs. AEs can lead to improved PFS and, in rare cases, to a certain progression-free period without treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Secondary Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Irradiating solid tumours in patients with oligoprogressive disease during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy may be a promising target with the potential for abscopal effects (AEs). AEs can lead to improved progression-free survival and, in rare cases, to a certain progression-free period without treatment.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-023-01516-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T04:27:34Z","timestamp":1702528054000},"page":"424-434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Solid tumours showing oligoprogression to immune checkpoint inhibitors have the potential for abscopal effects"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7733-1594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makoto","family":"Ito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souichiro","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sou","family":"Adachi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukihiko","family":"Oshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arisa","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wataru","family":"Ohashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Iwata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Ota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuaki","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahito","family":"Okuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kojiro","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"1516_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.09.020","volume":"184","author":"G Morad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Morad G, Helmink BA, Sharma P, Wargo JA. 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