{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T23:39:39Z","timestamp":1784158779714,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,27]],"date-time":"2024-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722038400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,27]],"date-time":"2024-07-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007833","name":"Hamad Medical Corporation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007833","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Jpn J Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To describe the first experience of patient dose optimization in developing AQD, SSDE and image quality-related DRLs for common CT examinations in the adult age group using the concept of AQD.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The recent published IQSC from 0 to 4 were used by radiologists for the assessment of image quality. The entire data were collected for five types (brain CT, chest CT, chest HRCT, abdomen KUB CT and abdomen\u2009+\u2009pelvic CT) CT investigations based on anatomic region (head, chest and abdomen\u2009+\u2009pelvic). The entire datasets of 264 patients were categorized into three groups based on their weights: group-1 (41\u201360\u00a0kg), group-2 (61\u201380\u00a0kg) and group-3 (81\u2013100\u00a0kg). Only score-3 images were considered to assess median and 75th percentile values of CTDI<jats:sub>vol<\/jats:sub> and DLP to obtain AQDs and DRLs, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Following the practical training of four radiologists on image quality scoring criteria for CT images, 264 (92%) out of 288 patient images were clinically acceptable as per IQSC for the study. The AQD (median) values in terms of CTDI<jats:sub>vol<\/jats:sub> for the mentioned weight groups were 25.8, 2.7, and 30.6\u00a0mGy, while the median DLP values for these groups were 496, 510 and 557 mGycm, respectively, for brain CT. The 75th percentile values in terms of CTDI<jats:sub>vol<\/jats:sub> were 30.2, 35.3 and 36.2\u00a0mGy, while in terms of DLP, they were 583, 619 and 781 mGycm for brain CT, respectively. Similar results are presented for the above-mentioned procedures, as well as in terms of SSDE.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The first ever experience in obtaining AQD, SSDE and DRLs values for specific CT procedures couples image quality with dose indices, showing comparable values with other relevant studies. Hence, it will provide a baseline for comparison within the facility for future studies and facilitate dose optimization for other facilities aiming for improvement.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-024-01627-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,27]],"date-time":"2024-07-27T08:01:37Z","timestamp":1722067297000},"page":"1479-1492","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development of Acceptable Quality Dose (AQD) and image quality-related diagnostic reference levels for common computed tomography investigations in a tertiary care public sector hospital of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Yaseen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tahira","family":"Nishtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Hassan","family":"Kharita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banaras","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3750-3683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shady","family":"AlKhazzam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laila","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasreen","family":"Aman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shamsullah","family":"Burki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nosheen","family":"Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Nabiullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1627_CR1","first-page":"812","volume":"278","author":"PV Pandharipande","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pandharipande PV, Reisner AT, Binder WD, et al. 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