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CT scans were reviewed for the presence and patterns of calcification (punctate, linear, coarse, and amorphous) by three radiologists. Statistical analysis was performed using the Fisher\u2013Freeman\u2013Halton exact test with Bonferroni correction.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>This study included 328 patients (mean age, 55\u00a0years; range, 18\u201388\u00a0years). Significant differences in calcification frequency were observed among major tumour categories (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with with germ cell tumours being more calcified and metastases less calcified. Similarly, a significant difference was also found among epithelial tumours (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), where mucinous and Brenner tumours were more calcified, whereas serous tumours were less calcified. Benign epithelial tumours showed a significantly higher frequency of calcification than borderline tumours and carcinomas (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). When comparing the calcification patterns observed among epithelial tumours, significant differences were found for all calcification patterns: punctate (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.024), linear (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), coarse (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and amorphous (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The linear pattern was more common in mucinous tumours, whereas the amorphous pattern was more common in serous and Brenner tumours. Among non-epithelial tumours, germ cell tumours frequently exhibited liner and many calcifications, and immature teratomas were characterised by a mixture of punctate, linear, and coarse calcifications. Granulosa cells and metastatic tumours did not exhibit calcification.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Among epithelial tumours, mucinous and Brenner tumours had a significantly higher frequency of calcification, and benign tumours had a significantly higher frequency of calcification. Amorphous patterns were significantly more common in serous and Brenner tumours, while linear patterns were significantly more common in mucinous tumours.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-025-01750-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T03:25:13Z","timestamp":1741145113000},"page":"1153-1165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comprehensive analysis of calcification frequency and patterns in ovarian tumours using non-contrast CT"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4530-7375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsukasa","family":"Saida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miki","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saki","family":"Shibuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshitaka","family":"Ishiguro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sodai","family":"Hoshiai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masafumi","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taishi","family":"Amano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayumi","family":"Shikama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toyomi","family":"Satoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahito","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"1750_CR1","unstructured":"Longacre TA, Davidson B, Flokins AK et al (2020) Tomours of the ovary; Low-grade serous carcinoma of the ovary, In: WHO classification of tumours editorial board. 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The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of University of Tsukuba (approval number: R05-240) and the requirement for patient consent was waived.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}}]}}