{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T15:01:12Z","timestamp":1792854072764,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Jpn J Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Although preoperative marking is often required to accurately locate the targets for video-assisted thoracic surgery, target lesions can be identified intraoperatively without marking in some cases; however, the frequency and characteristics of these lesions remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to retrospectively evaluate the need for a short hookwire for preoperative localization of small pulmonary lesions.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Computed tomography (CT)-guided short hookwire placement was performed for 176 lesions (mean diameter, 7.9\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5\u00a0mm) in 171 sessions prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Placement was performed if one or more of the following CT findings were present: lesions (1)\u2009\u2264\u200910\u00a0mm in diameter; (2)\u2009\u2265\u20095\u00a0mm from the pleural surface, and (3) predominantly consisting of ground-glass opacity. The need for a hookwire for intraoperative lesion detection was retrospectively assessed based on surgical records. Factors associated with the absence of a hookwire for lesion detection were determined using univariate and multivariate analyses.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Placement was successful in all cases; however, the hookwire was dislodged at the time of surgery in four lesions (2%). Among the remaining 172 lesions, thoracoscopic resection was performed using a hookwire as a landmark in 101 lesions (58.7%), whereas 71 lesions (41.3%) were detectable without a hookwire. Previous ipsilateral lung resection significantly increased the odds of not needing a hook wire (OR 4.24; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005). Larger target lesions (mean, 8.4 vs. 7.1\u00a0mm) and those located further from the pleura (mean, 13.3 vs. 8.0\u00a0mm) were associated with an increased need for hook wires. Multivariate analysis revealed that experienced surgeons required more hookwires compared to trainees (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.029). Solid nodules did not require hookwires (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032).<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Shallow solid lesions in patients with a history of ipsilateral lung resection may not require hookwire placement during resection, even if they are small.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-025-01807-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T03:33:46Z","timestamp":1748489626000},"page":"1696-1704","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Evaluation of the need for preoperative short hookwire placement for small pulmonary lesions"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8214-3387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Umakoshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiro","family":"Iguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Ujike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiharu","family":"Mitsuhashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soichiro","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuaki","family":"Munetomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiichiro","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Toyooka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Hiraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"1807_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diii.2018.04.001","volume":"99","author":"T Iguchi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Iguchi T, Hiraki T, Matsui Y, Fujiwara H, Masaoka Y, Uka M, et al. Short hookwire placement under imaging guidance before thoracic surgery: a review. Diagn Interv Imaging. 2018;99:591\u20137.","journal-title":"Diagn Interv Imaging"},{"key":"1807_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02807237","volume":"18","author":"S Kanazawa","year":"1995","unstructured":"Kanazawa S, Ando A, Yasui K, Tanaka A, Hiraki Y. Localization of small pulmonary nodules for thoracoscopic resection: use of a newly developed hookwire system. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 1995;18:122\u20134.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"1807_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2009.03.039","volume":"36","author":"K Miyoshi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Miyoshi K, Toyooka S, Gobara H, Oto T, Mimura H, Sano Y, et al. Clinical outcomes of short hook wire and suture marking system in thoracoscopic resection for pulmonary nodules. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2009;36:378\u201382.","journal-title":"Eur J Cardiothorac Surg"},{"key":"1807_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/01.sla.0000133083.54934.ae","volume":"240","author":"D Dindo","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dindo D, Demartines N, Clavien PA. Classification of surgical complications: a new proposal with evaluation in a cohort of 6336 patients and results of a survey. Ann Surg. 2004;240:205\u201313.","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"1807_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-019-00494-6","volume":"34","author":"TJ VanderWeele","year":"2019","unstructured":"VanderWeele TJ. Principles of confounder selection. Eur J Epidemiol. 2019;34:211\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"1807_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-020-02662-8","volume":"44","author":"K Munetomo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Munetomo K, Matsui Y, Iguchi T, Hiraki T, Yamamoto Y, Toyooka S, et al. Lung laceration caused by short hookwire placement before video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2021;44:339\u201341.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"1807_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2013.05.026","volume":"96","author":"J Ichinose","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ichinose J, Kohno T, Fujimori S, Harano T, Suzuki S. Efficacy and complications of computed tomography-guided hook wire localization. Ann Thorac Surg. 2013;96:1203\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"1807_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.12214","volume":"58","author":"K Suzuki","year":"2014","unstructured":"Suzuki K, Shimohira M, Hashizume T, Ozawa Y, Sobue R, Mimura M, et al. Usefulness of CT-guided hookwire mark-ing before video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for small pulmonary lesions. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2014;58:657\u201362.","journal-title":"J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"1807_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iguchi T, Hiraki T, Matsui Y, Fujiwara H, Masaoka Y, TanakaT, et al. Preoperative short hookwire placement for small pulmonary lesions: evaluation of technical success and risk factors for initial placement failure. Eur Radiol. 2018;28:2194\u2013202.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-5176-2"},{"key":"1807_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2252011025","volume":"225","author":"S Dendo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dendo S, Kanazawa S, Ando A, Hyodo T, Kouno Y, Yasui K, et al. Preoperative localization of small pulmonary lesions with a short hook wire and suture system: experience with 168 procedures. Radiology. 2002;225:511\u20138.","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"1807_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1007\/s11748-019-01142-2","volume":"68","author":"H Torigoe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Torigoe H, Hirano Y, Ando Y, Washio K. Migration of a hookwire used as a video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery marker into the splenic artery. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2020;68:194\u20138.","journal-title":"Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"1807_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-009-0353-0","volume":"27","author":"T Iguchi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Iguchi T, Yoshioka T, Muro M, Miyasho K, Inoue D, Hiraki T, et al. Systemic air embolism during preoperative pulmonary marking with a short hook wire and suture system under CT fluoroscopy guidance. Jpn J Radiol. 2009;27:385\u20138.","journal-title":"Jpn J Radiol"},{"key":"1807_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1346","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-015-1122-3","volume":"38","author":"T Iguchi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Iguchi T, Hiraki T, Gobara H, Fujiwara H, Yamamoto H, Kanazawa S. Tension pneumopericardium as a complication of preoperative localization of a small pulmonary metastasis using a shorthook wire and suture system. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2015;38:1346\u20138.","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol"},{"key":"1807_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(03)00821-3","volume":"126","author":"S Sakiyama","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sakiyama S, Kondo K, Matsuoka H, Yoshida M, Miyoshi T, Yoshida S, et al. Fatal air embolism during computed tomography-guided pulmonary marking with a hook-type marker. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003;126:1207\u20139.","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"1807_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2009.09.075","volume":"89","author":"S Nakashima","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nakashima S, Watanabe A, Obama T, Yamada G, Takahashi H, Higami T. Need for preoperative computed tomography-guided localization in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery pulmonary resections of metastatic pulmonary nodules. Ann Thorac Surg. 2010;89:212\u20138.","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"key":"1807_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2010.241018","volume":"11","author":"M Tamura","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tamura M, Oda M, Fujimori H, Shimizu Y, Matsumoto I, Watanabe G. New indication for preoperative marking of small peripheral pulmonary nodules in thoracoscopic surgery. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2010;11:590\u20133.","journal-title":"Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg"}],"container-title":["Japanese Journal of Radiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11604-025-01807-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11604-025-01807-4\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/s11604-025-01807-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T23:03:22Z","timestamp":1759187002000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/s11604-025-01807-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1807"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11604-025-01807-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1867-1071","1867-108X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1867-1071","type":"print"},{"value":"1867-108X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 May 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 May 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Conflict of interest"}},{"value":"Our institutional review board approved this retrospective study (approval number: KEN2202-010). All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and\/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Opt-out consent was obtained for the retrospective use of patients\u2019 data. Written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective design.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"For this type of study, consent for publication is not required.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to publish"}}]}}