{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:47:20Z","timestamp":1792799240634,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25K10903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K10903"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100032683","name":"Akita University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100032683","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Jpn J Radiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bear-inflicted injuries are often associated with severe maxillofacial injury. This study aimed to evaluate CT findings of bear-inflicted injuries using the Facial Injury Severity Scale (FISS) and other trauma grading systems, with a particular focus on the relationship between FISS scores and hospitalization duration as well as the characteristics of maxillofacial injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included 31 patients with bear-inflicted injuries who underwent whole-body CT. Maxillofacial injury severity was assessed using FISS, while head and thoracic injuries were evaluated using the Marshall Head-CT Classification and the AAST Chest Wall Injury Scale, respectively. Patients were categorized into short (\u2264\u200918 days) and long (&gt;\u200918 days) hospitalization groups based on the median hospitalization duration. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with hospitalization duration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients in the long hospitalization group had higher FISS scores (p\u2009=\u20090.01) and AAST chest wall injury grades (p\u2009=\u20090.03), with no significant differences in Marshall Head-CT Classification. Multivariate analysis confirmed that both FISS scores and AAST chest wall injury grade were independently associated with hospitalization duration. A detailed analysis of FISS scores revealed significant bilateral correlations between right and left midface scores (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) and right and left upper face scores (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Additionally, significant correlations were observed between midface and upper face scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>FISS scores and AAST chest wall injury grades were significantly associated with hospitalization duration in bear-inflicted injuries. The midface and upper face injuries often occur simultaneously and bilaterally, possibly due to bears targeting the upper face to weaken their opponent.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-025-01827-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:25:35Z","timestamp":1751329535000},"page":"1812-1821","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["CT-based assessment of bear-inflicted maxillofacial injuries: evaluation using the facial injury severity scale and its association with hospitalization duration"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Kento","family":"Hatakeyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kasumi","family":"Satoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideomi","family":"Tsuchida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoki","family":"Tozawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoko","family":"Konno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9138-610X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinsuke","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Tezuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunji","family":"Mugikura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Hayakawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takechiyo","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hajime","family":"Nakae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8700-9731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoko","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1827_CR1","unstructured":"Bear Attacks in Japan Cause Six Fatalities in 2023 [Internet]. nippon.com. 2024 [cited 2025 Feb 3]. 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